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Article

Study of Prevalence, Severity and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease in a Portuguese Population

by
Marta Relvas
1,2,†,
Paula López-Jarana
1,†,
Luis Monteiro
1,2,*,†,
José Júlio Pacheco
1,2,
Ana Cristina Braga
3 and
Filomena Salazar
1,2
1
Medicine and Oral Surgery Service, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
2
Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit (UNIPRO), IUCS, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
3
Algoritmi Centre, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(13), 3728; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133728
Submission received: 17 May 2022 / Revised: 17 June 2022 / Accepted: 25 June 2022 / Published: 28 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health and Dental Care in Older Adults)
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Abstract

Periodontal disease is a common worldwide oral inflammation/infection affecting tissues that surround and support teeth. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontal diseases and its risk factors, according to the most recent periodontal classification, in an adult population of Northern Portugal. This observational study collected data from clinical records of patients who attended the University Clinic of Gandra between April 2021 and April 2022. Of a total of 941 patients included, 457 (48.6%) had periodontitis, 253 (26.9%) had gingivitis and the remaining 231 (24.5%) were healthy patients. The prevalence of stage III severe periodontitis was 51.2%, more prevalent in males, and in the age group of 61–70 years. Gingivitis was more prevalent in females, and in the age group of 31–40 years; in both diseases, the most prevalent extension was the generalized one. Using a binary logistic regression, we observe a significant relation of the risk of periodontitis with age (p = 0.019; OR 1.033; 95% CI 1.005–1.062), tooth brushing (p = 0.002; OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.105–0.599) and dental flossing (p = 0.015; OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.09–0.768). This study revealed a high prevalence of periodontitis. Increased age, lack of tooth brushing and flossing were identified as potential risk factors for periodontitis in the investigated Portuguese population.
Keywords: periodontal disease; prevalence of; new classification; oral hygiene periodontal disease; prevalence of; new classification; oral hygiene

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MDPI and ACS Style

Relvas, M.; López-Jarana, P.; Monteiro, L.; Pacheco, J.J.; Braga, A.C.; Salazar, F. Study of Prevalence, Severity and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease in a Portuguese Population. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 3728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133728

AMA Style

Relvas M, López-Jarana P, Monteiro L, Pacheco JJ, Braga AC, Salazar F. Study of Prevalence, Severity and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease in a Portuguese Population. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(13):3728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133728

Chicago/Turabian Style

Relvas, Marta, Paula López-Jarana, Luis Monteiro, José Júlio Pacheco, Ana Cristina Braga, and Filomena Salazar. 2022. "Study of Prevalence, Severity and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease in a Portuguese Population" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 13: 3728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133728

APA Style

Relvas, M., López-Jarana, P., Monteiro, L., Pacheco, J. J., Braga, A. C., & Salazar, F. (2022). Study of Prevalence, Severity and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease in a Portuguese Population. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(13), 3728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133728

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