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Vaccines
Volume 11
Issue 12
10.3390/vaccines11121846
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Article

In Vitro Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a Gonococcal Trivalent Candidate Vaccine Identified by Transcriptomics

by
Shea K. Roe
1,
Brian Felter
1,
Bo Zheng
2,
Sanjay Ram
2,
Lee M. Wetzler
3,
Eric Garges
4,
Tianmou Zhu
1,
Caroline A. Genco
1 and
Paola Massari
1,*
1
Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
2
Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
3
Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
4
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2023, 11(12), 1846; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121846
Submission received: 6 November 2023 / Revised: 3 December 2023 / Accepted: 9 December 2023 / Published: 13 December 2023
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Abstract

Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, poses a significant global public health threat. Infection in women can be asymptomatic and may result in severe reproductive complications. Escalating antibiotic resistance underscores the need for an effective vaccine. Approaches being explored include subunit vaccines and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), but an ideal candidate remains elusive. Meningococcal OMV-based vaccines have been associated with reduced rates of gonorrhea in retrospective epidemiologic studies, and with accelerated gonococcal clearance in mouse vaginal colonization models. Cross-protection is attributed to shared antigens and possibly cross-reactive, bactericidal antibodies. Using a Candidate Antigen Selection Strategy (CASS) based on the gonococcal transcriptome during human mucosal infection, we identified new potential vaccine targets that, when used to immunize mice, induced the production of antibodies with bactericidal activity against N. gonorrhoeae strains. The current study determined antigen recognition by human sera from N. gonorrhoeae-infected subjects, evaluated their potential as a multi-antigen (combination) vaccine in mice and examined the impact of different adjuvants (Alum or Alum+MPLA) on functional antibody responses to N. gonorrhoeae. Our results indicated that a stronger Th1 immune response component induced by Alum+MPLA led to antibodies with improved bactericidal activity. In conclusion, a combination of CASS-derived antigens may be promising for developing effective gonococcal vaccines.
Keywords: gonorrhea; vaccine; bactericidal antibodies; adjuvants; Th1/Th2 responses gonorrhea; vaccine; bactericidal antibodies; adjuvants; Th1/Th2 responses

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MDPI and ACS Style

Roe, S.K.; Felter, B.; Zheng, B.; Ram, S.; Wetzler, L.M.; Garges, E.; Zhu, T.; Genco, C.A.; Massari, P. In Vitro Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a Gonococcal Trivalent Candidate Vaccine Identified by Transcriptomics. Vaccines 2023, 11, 1846. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121846

AMA Style

Roe SK, Felter B, Zheng B, Ram S, Wetzler LM, Garges E, Zhu T, Genco CA, Massari P. In Vitro Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a Gonococcal Trivalent Candidate Vaccine Identified by Transcriptomics. Vaccines. 2023; 11(12):1846. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121846

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roe, Shea K., Brian Felter, Bo Zheng, Sanjay Ram, Lee M. Wetzler, Eric Garges, Tianmou Zhu, Caroline A. Genco, and Paola Massari. 2023. "In Vitro Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a Gonococcal Trivalent Candidate Vaccine Identified by Transcriptomics" Vaccines 11, no. 12: 1846. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121846

APA Style

Roe, S. K., Felter, B., Zheng, B., Ram, S., Wetzler, L. M., Garges, E., Zhu, T., Genco, C. A., & Massari, P. (2023). In Vitro Pre-Clinical Evaluation of a Gonococcal Trivalent Candidate Vaccine Identified by Transcriptomics. Vaccines, 11(12), 1846. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121846

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