2020 January - 38 articles
This article presents practical aspects of toponymics in the context of complex analysis of different kinds of data (ethnological, historical, geographical, geological, geopolitical, and sociological). The application of toponymy is here related to t...
Major explosive volcanic eruptions may significantly alter the global atmosphere for about 2–3 years. During that period, volcanic products (mainly H2SO4) with high residence time, stored in the stratosphere or, for shorter times, in the tropos...
In the context of energy transition, new and renovated buildings often include heating and/or air conditioning energy-saving technologies based on sustainable energy sources, such as groundwater heat pumps with aquifer thermal energy storage. A new a...
The complexity of the Krafla volcano and its geothermal system(s) has puzzled geoscientists for decades. New and old geoscientific studies are reviewed in order to shed some light on this complexity. The geological structure and history of the volcan...
Mathematical models of different degrees of complexity, describing the motion of a snow avalanche along a path with given center line and spatially varying width, are formulated and compared. The most complete model integrates the balance equations f...
The behaviour of bioavailable trace metals and their stable isotopes in the modern oceans is controlled by uptake into phototrophic organisms and adsorption on and incorporation into marine authigenic minerals. Among other bioessential metals, Cd and...
Physical-based soil erosion models are playing an important role in the assessment of soil erosion, transportation, and deposition in the watershed. Most of these models were developed for data-rich areas of the world and they need a measured data to...
The strength of sand is usually characterized by the maximum value of the secant friction angle. The friction angle is a function of deformation mode, density, and stress level and is strongly correlated with dilatancy at failure. Most often, the fri...
The study of the hydrology of arid regions greatly expanded at the end of the 20th century as humans sought to reduce groundwater pollution from landfills, waste dumps and other forms of land disposal. Historically viewed as wastelands where little o...
The coastal system, with its physical chemical and biological components, is the place where the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere intersect and interact, and in which human activity has a considerable impact on the balance of the whole ecosyst...
The UNESCO Global Geoparks is a good didactic instrument that allows teaching territorial elements in transversal way. The geopark provides a means to address the teaching-learning process of both cultural values and natural values, including geology...
Watershed-scale nonpoint source (NPS) pollution models have become important tools to understand, evaluate, and predict the negative impacts of NPS pollution on water quality. Today, there are many NPS models available for users. However, different t...
This paper reports the results of a field-based structural investigation of a well-exposed paleo-accretionary prism, which experienced complex deformation in a low-grade metamorphic setting. Field analyses focused on the description of structural fab...
Among the indirect estimation approaches of soil water content in the upper layer of the soil, the “triangle method” is one of the most common that relies on the simple relationship between the optical and thermal features sensed via Eart...
Urban growth, extreme climate, and mismanagement are crucial controlling factors that affect flood vulnerability at wadi catchments. Therefore, this study attempts to understand the impacts of these three factors on the flash flood vulnerability in d...
Since early 2018 the “Natural Hazards” Section of Geosciences journal has aimed to publish pure, experimental, or applied research that is focused on advancing methodologies, technologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, characteri...
The present research aims to estimate the influence of site amplification on the seismic vulnerability of the historical centre of the municipality of Baranello in the Molise Region of Italy. Firstly, a structural and typological characterization of...
The present paper deals with the practical problem of reducing statistical uncertainty in elastic settlement analysis of shallow foundations by relying on targeted field investigation with the aim of an optimal design. In a targeted field investigati...
Here we describe the molecular composition and resistance to decomposition of humic acids isolated from selected soils of the Russian Arctic and Antarctic. The degree of soil organic matter stabilization was assessed using modern instrumental methods...
All 142 known species of Curculionoidea in Eocene amber are documented, including one species of Nemonychidae, 16 species of Anthribidae, six species of Belidae, 10 species of Rhynchitidae, 13 species of Brentidae, 70 species of Curcuionidae, two spe...
The Matese and Beneventano areas coincide with the transition from the central to the southern Apennines and are characterized by both SW- and NE-dipping normal faulting seismogenic structures, responsible for the large historical earthquakes. We stu...
Engineering methods such as soil nails, geosynthetic reinforcement, retaining structures, gabions, and shotcrete are implemented to stabilize road cut slopes along mountainous areas. However, these structures are not environmentally friendly and, par...
Structural pounding between adjacent, insufficiently separated buildings, or bridge segments, has been repeatedly observed during seismic excitations. Such earthquake-induced collisions may cause severe structural damage or even lead to the collapse...
Natural and human-induced impacts on water resources across the globe continue to negatively impact water resources. Characterizing the hydrologic sensitivity to climatic and anthropogenic changes is problematic given the lack of monitoring networks...
Ice cliffs within a glacier represent a challenge for the continuity equations used in many glacier models by interrupting the validity of input parameters. In the case of Gourdon Glacier on James Ross Island, Antarctica, a ∼300–500
A series of six gravity cores has been used to reconstruct the depositional history of Hatton Bank (Rockall Plateau, NE Atlantic Ocean). The cores have been studied for magnetic susceptibility (MS), geochemical composition, grain size distribution, a...
The Kola region hosts numerous Paleozoic massifs of ultrabasic alkaline rocks and carbonatites with deposits of commercially valuable metals, such as iron, tantalum, niobium, and rare earth elements. These magmatic complexes are characterized by high...
Depth-integrated simulations of snow avalanches have become a central part of risk analysis and mitigation. However, the common practice of applying different model parameters to mimic different avalanches is unsatisfying. In here, we analyse this is...
Anomalies of the electric field potential gradient have been observed in the near-ground air before earthquakes in different regions of the world. Such anomalies are likely caused by radon air ionization. In this study, the impact of this precursor w...
Like some other countries, seldom being sometimes addressed in classes, the Earth system approach is not emphasized enough in Portugal, nor is the interconnection between the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. To evaluate the Earth sy...
Carbonate reservoirs form important exploration targets for the oil and gas industry in many parts of the world. This study aims to differentiate and quantify pore types and their relation to petrophysical properties in the Permo-Triassic Khuff Forma...
A liquid culture enrichment-polymerase chain reaction (E-PCR) assay was investigated as a potential tool to overcome inhibition by chemical component, debris, and background biological impurities in soil that were affecting detection assay performanc...
Water weakening is a phenomenon that is observed in high porosity chalk formations. The rock interacts with ions in injected water and additional deformation occurs. This important effect needs to be taken into account when modelling the water floodi...
Observations of the deposits, flow marks, and damages of three mixed-snow avalanches of widely different size were analyzed with regard to flow regimes, velocities, pressures, densities, flow depths, erosion modes, and mass balance. Three deposit typ...
The Tagus Estuary is the largest estuarine system in the Iberian Peninsula. Located in a heavily populated metropolitan area (Lisbon), the estuary-coastal continuum is subject to significant natural variability (e.g., tidal variations, winds, river i...
Small-sized ferruginous micronodules or pisolith nodules, frequently occurring in inland freshwater systems in moderate climate zones, are important indicators of groundwater level changes and early diagenetic processes, especially within the Pleisto...
The Propopis tamarugo Phil, also known as Tamarugo, is an endemic and protected tree that survives in the Atacama Desert—a hyper arid and highly saline environment. The Tamarugo is threatened because of groundwater overexploitation, and its pre...
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