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Sports, Volume 14, Issue 2

2026 February - 41 articles

Cover Story: This study examines velocity-based training in untrained early-adolescent females, providing novel data on the load–velocity relationship (LVR) in free-weight squats. Despite notable inter-individual variability, a highly linear relationship between mean propulsive velocity and %1RM was observed (R2 ≈ 0.996). Importantly, 1RM estimation accuracy depended on the minimum velocity threshold (MVT) and not the regression model (two-point vs. multi-point). Fixed MVTs (e.g., 0.30 m·s−1) overestimated strength (~+5 kg), whereas an individualized Optimal MVT (~0.38 m·s−1) removed bias and reduced error. These findings support a simple two-point approach with individualized anchors for youth load guidance. View this paper
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Articles (41)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,142 Views
10 Pages

Lower-Limb Neuromuscular Profiles from Force Plate Testing During Elite Women’s Basketball National Team Camps: A Retrospective Comparison by Final Roster Status

  • Hiroki Ogata,
  • Kazuya Yamazaki,
  • Tomohiro Usui,
  • Kotaro Shinchi and ,
  • Katsuya Ikeda,
  • Frederick James Henderson and
  • Daichi Yamashita
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

15 February 2026

This study compared force plate-derived lower-limb strength and power metrics between selected and non-selected female basketball players for major international competitions. Thirty-two female players attending the final national team camps for the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,797 Views
16 Pages

Accuracy of Voluntary Force Modulation During the Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull

  • S. Alexander Long,
  • Olivia Vadas,
  • Stephanie Balint,
  • Michael H. Stone and
  • Christopher B. Taber

14 February 2026

The purpose of this study was to investigate voluntary force modulation accuracy during the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and to investigate biological sex and relative strength as factors relating to error. Strength-trained males (n = 18) and fema...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,168 Views
38 Pages

13 February 2026

Background: Foam rolling is a popular self-myofascial release (SMR) technique, yet empirical evidence regarding its long-term impact on cycling endurance remains inconclusive. This study investigated the effects of chronic SMR on cardiorespiratory ca...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muscle Metabolism, Fatigue and Recovery During Exercise Training)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,330 Views
19 Pages

13 February 2026

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate measures of perceptions, attitudes, and practices to support physical activity among older adults. Method: We enrolled online 310 community-dwelling U.S. older adults and 11 content...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,850 Views
13 Pages

The Effects of a Sport-Based Training Program on Reaction Time and Fine Motor Coordination in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study

  • Fabiana Laurenti,
  • Valentina Presta,
  • Michela Compiani,
  • Gianni Zobbi and ,
  • Barbara Ilari,
  • Maria Pia Picchi,
  • Eugenia Maré,
  • Federica Severini,
  • Alessandro Guarnieri and
  • Giuliana Gobbi
  • + 9 authors+ 4 authors

11 February 2026

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are generally less involved in physical activity and sport. Therefore, the present pilot study aimed at determining the effect of a sport-based training program on motor coordination developme...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport-Specific Testing and Training Methods in Youth: 2nd Edition)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2,706 Views
21 Pages

11 February 2026

Background: Squash, a high-intensity sport with growing global popularity and an upcoming 2028 Olympic debut, is known to pose a wide range of potential health risks. However, epidemiological research of squash-related injuries and illnesses lacks co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
968 Views
10 Pages

The Impact of Knee Braces on Plantar Pressure Distribution in Elderly Individuals: Implications for Fall Risk Prevention

  • José Lumini,
  • Andrea Ribeiro,
  • André Schneider,
  • António M. Monteiro and
  • João Sousa

11 February 2026

(1) Background: Falls are a major public health concern in older adults, largely due to age-related declines in proprioception and postural control. Although knee braces are commonly prescribed to enhance joint stability and sensory feedback, their e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,753 Views
18 Pages

9 February 2026

Improving physical literacy (PL) is recognized as a potentially effective approach for enhancing overall physical activity (PA) and fitness status, including body composition, but few studies have examined the impact of PL-oriented education on direc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enhancing Health Through Physical Activity and Sports Science: Innovations in Applied Research)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,402 Views
14 Pages

Effects of Bench Press Volume on Performance, Recovery, and Physiological Response

  • José A. Páez-Maldonado,
  • África Calvo Lluch,
  • Manuel Ortega-Becerra and
  • Fernando Pareja-Blanco

9 February 2026

Background: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of training volume in bench press (BP) on acute mechanical, metabolic, and cardiovascular responses, and the time course of recovery. Methods: Fourteen men with moderate resistance train...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,262 Views
12 Pages

Analyzing the Associations Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Body Mass Index, and Physical Performance in Youth Handball Players: A Clustering Approach

  • Silvia Sánchez-Díaz,
  • Daniel Castillo,
  • Miguel Ramirez-Jimenez,
  • José María Izquierdo and ,
  • Diego Marqués-Jiménez,
  • Pedro Duarte-Mendes and
  • Marta Domínguez-Díez
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

7 February 2026

Background: Nutrition is a fundamental factor in the healthy growth and development of young athletes, as well as in supporting optimal sports performance. This study aimed to explore associations between Mediterranean diet adherence score, BMI and s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviors and Exercise Interventions in Children)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,377 Views
20 Pages

Machine Learning and Non-Invasive Monitoring Technologies for Training Load Management in Women’s Volleyball: A Scoping Review

  • Héctor Gabriel Sanhueza Tapia,
  • Frano Giakoni-Ramírez,
  • Josivaldo de Souza-Lima and
  • Arturo Diaz Suarez

7 February 2026

Training load monitoring in women’s volleyball is a challenge for optimizing performance and mitigating injury risk. Non-invasive monitoring technologies and machine learning (ML) can support decision-making, but the evidence remains heterogene...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise Physiological Responses and Performance Analysis)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,373 Views
19 Pages

Epidemiology of Injuries in Women’s Rugby Sevens: A Systematic Review

  • Carlos Braga,
  • Pedro Lopes,
  • Luiz Miguel Santiago and
  • António Cruz-Ferreira

6 February 2026

Background: Women’s rugby sevens is rapidly expanding, yet injury patterns remain poorly understood, limiting prevention strategies. This systematic review aimed to describe injury incidence, severity, burden, and risk factors across competitiv...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Approaches to Sports Injury Prevention and Recovery)
  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,004 Views
13 Pages

6 February 2026

Ultramarathon runners experience pain during the race. Their mental responses to pain influence race performance. This scoping review synthesises the existing literature on the mental pain responses of ultramarathon runners. The framework of the Pref...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,644 Views
14 Pages

Relationship Between the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test and Match Running Performance in Canadian Male Professional Soccer Players

  • Riccardo Bucciarelli,
  • Farzad Yousefian,
  • Ethan Brown,
  • Lawrence Spriet and ,
  • Margaret Jones and
  • John Srbely
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

6 February 2026

Despite the prevalence of the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Tests Level 1 (YYIRTL1) and Level 2 (YYIRTL2) in elite soccer, knowledge surrounding their association and prediction of match performance is limited. This study investigated the association b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,586 Views
17 Pages

Physical Activity Prevalence and Sex-Associated Factors Among University Students During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Tatiana Luz,
  • Leonardo G. O. Luz,
  • Bruno Giudicelli,
  • Geraldo Neto and ,
  • Liliana Baptista and
  • Raul Martins
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

6 February 2026

The study investigated the prevalence of students meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations and factors associated with MVPA during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 4059 u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,184 Views
19 Pages

Cardiovascular Functioning Features in Individuals with Connective Tissue Dysplasia Engaged in Sports for the Disabled

  • Kamiliia Vinokurova,
  • Anna Zakharova,
  • Yulia Zinovieva,
  • Arseniy Epifanov and ,
  • Anna Galdobina,
  • Ekaterina Sharkova and
  • Felix Blyakhman
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

5 February 2026

Objectives: Connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) is associated with disorders of collagen synthesis and is widely spread among the healthy population and people with disabilities. In the heart, primarily in the left ventricle (LV), CTD manifests itself...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,661 Views
21 Pages

SOCCERIndex: An Estimate of Recreational Soccer Players’ Physical Ability by Health Status and Lifestyle Habits

  • Beatrice De Lazzari,
  • Federico Caramia,
  • Filippo Lupi,
  • Paolo Salvatore and ,
  • Giuseppe Vannozzi and
  • Valentina Camomilla
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 February 2026

Soccer is practiced by professionals, amateurs, and recreational players. The physical assessment tools used by professionals are rarely available in recreational settings. Given the widespread participation and potential health benefits of soccer ac...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Health and Performance in Football)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,380 Views
18 Pages

5 February 2026

Background: Force plate-derived metrics are increasingly used to assess performance and monitor musculoskeletal injury risk, yet the mechanisms linking jump-mechanics patterns to injury risk remain unclear, particularly when using proprietary, algori...

  • Correction
  • Open Access
1 Citations
523 Views
2 Pages

Correction: Bukvić et al. The Association of Serum Calprotectin with Fitness Indicators and Biochemical Markers in High-Level Athletes: A Continuous Dynamic Monitoring During One Competitive Season. Sports 2023, 11, 243

  • Frane Bukvić,
  • Alan Ivković,
  • Helena Čičak,
  • Lora Dukić and ,
  • Ana-Maria Šimundić,
  • Domagoj Marijančević and
  • Daria Pašalić
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

5 February 2026

Text Correction [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,726 Views
14 Pages

Greater Lumbopelvic Motion Is Associated with Faster Hip Flexion in Soccer Players

  • Toshimitsu Ohmine,
  • Akira Iwata,
  • Atsuki Kanayama,
  • Hideyuki Wanaka and ,
  • Kazuma Senzaki,
  • Mitsuhiro Seo,
  • Keita Sasada,
  • Yoshihiko Kawamoto,
  • Saki Yamamoto and
  • Kenji Doma
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

5 February 2026

Faster lower-limb motion is closely related to soccer performance, but the contribution of lumbopelvic motion to achieving it remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine whether faster lower-limb motion in soccer players was accompan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,091 Views
11 Pages

Load–Velocity Relationship and 1RM Estimation of the Free-Weight Squat in Untrained Early-Adolescent Females

  • Irene Sevilla-Arrabal,
  • Diego A. Alonso-Aubin,
  • Amador García-Ramos and
  • Javier Courel-Ibáñez

5 February 2026

Background: Velocity-based training (VBT) is used to estimate maximal strength and prescribe resistance-training loads, but evidence in untrained youth, especially early-adolescent females, is limited. In untrained early-adolescent females performing...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,720 Views
16 Pages

5 February 2026

Table tennis has increasingly been adopted as a tool to promote physical and mental health, yet evidence on its outcomes and implementation remains scattered. This study conducted a rapid scoping review to summarise available research on the health o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,930 Views
17 Pages

4 February 2026

Current methods for assessing acceleration efforts (accefforts) in ice hockey do not account for the influence of initial skating speed on maximal voluntary acceleration capacity, which may lead to a biased evaluation of acceffort intensity. In this...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomechanical Research to Optimize Performance and Reduce Injury Risk in Team Sports)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,195 Views
12 Pages

Can Exercise Training Improve the Quality of Life and Physical Function in Multiple Myeloma Patients?: Discussing the Progression of the Training Stimulus

  • Polyxeni Spiliopoulou,
  • Evangelos Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou,
  • Magdalini Migkou,
  • Nikolaos Kanellias and ,
  • Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos,
  • Panagiotis Malandrakis,
  • Foteini Theodorakakou,
  • Despina Fotiou,
  • Pantelis Rousakis and
  • Gerasimos Terzis
  • + 11 authors+ 6 authors

4 February 2026

Background: Previous studies have reported no improvements in quality of life or physical function following exercise training in patients with multiple myeloma, without a clear explanation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,594 Views
13 Pages

Evolution of Rate of Force Development (RFD) in the Isometric Deadlift Exercise Among Primary and Secondary Education Students

  • Julio Martín-Ruiz,
  • Ignacio Tamarit-Grancha,
  • Amparo Aguilar-Prima and
  • Laura Ruiz-Sanchis

4 February 2026

Strength is a central axis of physical activity and sets the right evolutionary direction for children and adolescents, creating adaptations that determine functional health in adulthood. Therefore, its development and supervision are essential in th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Factors and Biological Mechanisms Underlying Exercise Performance in Children)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,137 Views
17 Pages

The Predictive Value of Jump Height in Athletic Performance of Youth and Senior Soccer Players

  • João G. Saldanha,
  • Francisco Santos,
  • Andreas Ihle,
  • Rui Mâncio and ,
  • Honorato Sousa,
  • Hugo Sarmento and
  • Élvio R. Gouveia
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

4 February 2026

Jump height (JH) is widely used as an indicator of athletic performance. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the relative importance and predictive value of JH for neuromuscular performance across key physical metrics and (2) describe the neuromuscular...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,111 Views
19 Pages

Effects of a Strength and Creative Dance Intervention on Brain Electrical Activity, Heart Rate Variability, and Dual-Task Performance in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol

  • Maria Melo-Alonso,
  • Carmen Padilla-Moledo,
  • Almudena Martínez-Sánchez,
  • Lucimere Bohn and ,
  • Pablo Molero,
  • Francisco Javier Dominguez-Muñoz,
  • Santos Villafaina,
  • Pedro R. Olivares,
  • Inmaculada Tornero-Quiñones and
  • Narcis Gusi
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

4 February 2026

Fibromyalgia is a complex chronic disorder involving persistent widespread pain accompanied by functional limitations, cognitive impairments, and alterations in neural processing. Previous research indicates that exercise-based interventions can play...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,333 Views
16 Pages

Molecular and Physiological Adaptations to Seasonal Training in Elite U18 Ice Hockey Players

  • Attila Czont,
  • Zsolt Bodor,
  • Tamás Koncsag and
  • Ildikó Miklóssy

4 February 2026

Monitoring adolescent team-sport athletes may benefit from combining performance and molecular markers, but empirical evidence supporting this approach in youth team sports remains limited. Objective: Our study investigated molecular and physiologica...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,717 Views
19 Pages

Sex-Specific Fatigue and Muscle Activation Responses During Single-Leg Side-Hop and Pelvic Stability Assessments Among Active Young Adults

  • Emilija Stojanović,
  • Oliver Faude,
  • Alexander Ferrauti,
  • Dragan Radovanović and ,
  • Aaron T. Scanlan and
  • Ralf Roth
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 February 2026

This study examined fatigue- (within-group) and sex-related (between-group) differences in physical performance and muscle activation during physical assessments. Physically active college students (20 males, 20 females) completed side-hop and pelvic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,584 Views
16 Pages

Associations Between Quality of Life, Functional Fitness, Body Composition, and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • André Schneider,
  • Flavio Teresinho Mendonça,
  • Letícia Amaral,
  • Tiago M. Barbosa and ,
  • Pedro Forte,
  • José E. Teixeira and
  • António M. Monteiro
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

3 February 2026

Introduction: Postmenopausal aging is accompanied by declines in functional fitness, changes in body composition, and increased osteoporosis risk, which may affect quality of life. Understanding how these factors interrelate is important for supporti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,303 Views
16 Pages

Beliefs, Barriers, and Stretching Practices Among Recreational Snowboarders and Alpine Skiers: A Cross-Sectional Study with a Generational Perspective

  • Julio Camacho,
  • María B. García-Moreno,
  • Francisco Requena,
  • Rocío Camacho and ,
  • Manuel Pérez-Priego and
  • Estrella I. Agüera
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 February 2026

Stretching is commonly recommended to improve flexibility and reduce injury risk; however, its practical implementation among recreational snowboarders and alpine skiers remains inconsistent. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the 2...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,161 Views
10 Pages

3 February 2026

Hip and groin injuries are common in elite football, and reduced isometric adductor strength has been identified as a key risk factor. Therefore, reliable and valid field-based methods for assessing hip adduction strength are essential for effective...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,093 Views
11 Pages

Examining the Cross-Education Phenomenon in Lower Limbs: Insights from the Force–Velocity Profile

  • Jessica Rial-Vázquez,
  • Juan Fariñas,
  • María Rúa-Alonso,
  • Iván Nine and ,
  • Manuel Avelino Giráldez-García and
  • Eliseo Iglesias-Soler
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 February 2026

This study explored whether the cross-education (CE) phenomenon could be examined through the force–velocity (FV) profile obtained from unilateral leg extension. Nineteen participants completed 5 weeks of unilateral knee extension interventions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,791 Views
14 Pages

3 February 2026

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback could be considered as a tool to help athletes to optimize their performance. This study aimed to examine the effects of a one-week HRV biofeedback (HRV-BFB) program on physiological indices, sensorimotor func...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,386 Views
15 Pages

Fluid Balance in Surfers: A Scoping Review

  • James Furness,
  • Marie Troja,
  • Abigail Brandon,
  • Jasen Winny and ,
  • Elisa F. D. Canetti,
  • Kevin Kemp-Smith,
  • Philip Abery and
  • Gregory R. Cox
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

2 February 2026

Surfing, performed semi-submerged in varied environmental conditions and apparel, evokes unique fluid losses compared to land-based sports, despite the inherent difficulties in collecting urine losses in surfing, making direct sweat loss comparisons...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,131 Views
16 Pages

Sex Differences in the Impact of Body Composition and Bone Mineral Content on Cardiopulmonary Performance in Elite Youth Water Polo Athletes

  • Regina Benko,
  • Mark Zamodics,
  • Mate Babity,
  • Gusztav Schay and ,
  • Tamas Leel-Ossy,
  • Zsuzsanna Ladanyi,
  • Timea Turschl,
  • Dorottya Balla,
  • Csongor Mesko and
  • Orsolya Kiss
  • + 11 authors+ 6 authors

2 February 2026

Body composition, bone mineral density, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are commonly used to assess aerobic fitness in athletes, but their interrelationships remain unclear. This study compared these parameters by sex and examined their a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Body Composition Assessment for Sports Performance and Athlete Health)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,517 Views
16 Pages

Transformational Leadership Styles, Adolescent Burnout, and the Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study on Family and Sport Contexts

  • Nerea Torres-Moya,
  • Lucía Arias-Casasús,
  • Ignacio Celsi,
  • Inés Tomás and ,
  • Isabel Castillo and
  • Octavio Alvarez
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

2 February 2026

The present study examines the relationships between transformational leadership styles (i.e., transformational coaching and transformational parenting), basic psychological needs (BPN) satisfaction and thwarting, and burnout within sports and family...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,495 Views
13 Pages

Short-Term 8-Foot up and Go Responsiveness in Institutionalized vs. Community-Dwelling Older Adults

  • Filipe Rodrigues,
  • Diogo Monteiro,
  • Pedro Forte and
  • António Miguel Monteiro

2 February 2026

This study aimed to examine the combined effects of Body Mass Index (BMI) and living setting on fall risk trajectories in older adults over a 16-week period. A total of 124 older adults were recruited from nursing homes (n = 65; Mage: 84.4 ± 7...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,841 Views
12 Pages

Two-Week Recovery Strategies to Enhance Performance Readiness in Martial Arts Athletes: A Pilot Study

  • Behnam Boobani,
  • Juris Grants,
  • Sergejs Saulite,
  • Germans Jakubovskis and ,
  • Anna Zusa,
  • Edgars Bernans,
  • Žermēna Vazne,
  • Katrina Volgemute,
  • Marta Stromberga and
  • Artur Litwiniuk
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

2 February 2026

This study aimed to examine preliminary responses of two-week post-exercise recovery strategies on performance readiness in well-trained Taekwondo athletes. Fifteen athletes were randomly assigned to cryotherapy (partial-body cryotherapy followed by...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interventions to Increase Physical Activity and Measurements to Evaluate Performance in Children and Adolescents)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,701 Views
12 Pages

26 January 2026

Our study aimed to examine and compare the effects of 12-week repeated sprint intervals with change of direction and linear sprint intervals on physical performance in young soccer players. In this randomized, parallel three-group study, we included...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport-Specific Testing and Training Methods in Youth)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,540 Views
14 Pages

Is Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity Elevated in Professional Soccer Athletes?: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Tomoharu Mochizuki,
  • Takashi Ushiki,
  • Hikaru Kanome,
  • Takumu Tsuchida and ,
  • Mami Osawa,
  • Misato Sato,
  • Hajime Ishiguro,
  • Tatsuya Suwabe,
  • Satoshi Watanabe and
  • Tomoyuki Kawase
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

23 January 2026

Owing to its ability to promote early recovery, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a popular regenerative therapy for treating sports injuries. However, its scientific basis has not yet been fully established. To bridge this gap, we focused on systemic an...

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Sports - ISSN 2075-4663