Axioms, Volume 12, Issue 11

The Zhang–Zhang polynomial of a benzenoid system is a well-known counting polynomial that was introduced in 1996. It was designed to enumerate Clar covers, which are spanning subgraphs with only hexagons and edges as connected components. In 20...

In this work, an analogue to the Pauli spin matrices is presented and investigated. The proposed Hermitian spin matrices exhibit four symmetries for spin-1/n particles. The spin projection operators are derived, and the electrodynamics for hypothetic...

In recent years, artificial neural networks (ANNs), which are based on the foundational model established by McCulloch and Pitts in 1943, have been at the forefront of computational research. Despite their prominence, ANNs have encountered a number o...

The purpose of this paper is to present some fixed-point results for self-generalized contractions in ordered rectangular b-metric spaces. We also provide some examples that illustrate the non-triviality and richness of this area of research.

This paper proposes a method for ranking generalized fuzzy numbers, which guarantees that both horizontal and vertical values are important parameters affecting the final ranking score. In this method, the normalized height coefficient is introduced...

Due to various unpredictable factors, a decision maker frequently experiences uncertainty and hesitation when dealing with real-world practical optimization problems. At times, it’s necessary to simultaneously optimize a number of non-linear an...

Many different number systems have been the topic of research. One of the recently studied number systems is that of hybrid numbers, which are generalizations of other number systems. In this work, we introduce and study the hybrid hyper k-Pell, hybr...

Firstly, a basic question to find the Laplace transform using the classical representation of gamma function makes no sense because the singularity at the origin nurtures so rapidly that Γze−sz cannot be integrated over positive real numb...

The notion of quasi-Jordan algebras was originally proposed by R. Velasquez and R. Fellipe. Later, M. R. Bremner provided a modification called K-B quasi-Jordan algebras; these include all Jordan algebras and all dialgebras, and hence all associative...

We developed a repeated quantum game of public goods by using quantum entanglement and strong reciprocity mechanisms. Utilizing the framework of quantum game analysis, a comparative investigation incorporating both entangled and non-entangled states...