Micromachines, Volume 15, Issue 3

In this paper, we investigate the effects of negative bias instability (NBTI) and self-heating effect (SHE) on threshold voltage in NSFETs. To explore accurately the interaction between SHE and NBTI, we established an NBTI simulation framework based...

Zeta potential (ζ potential) is a significant parameter to characterize the electric property of the electric double layer (EDL), which is important at the solid–liquid interface. Non-uniform ζ potential could be developed on a chemic...

With the advancement of micro- and nanomanufacturing technologies, electronic components and chips are increasingly being miniaturized. To automatically identify their packaging materials for ensuring the reliability of ICs, a hybrid deep learning fr...

Nanopatterned tribocharge can be generated on the surface of elastomers through their replica molding with nanotextured molds. Despite its vast application potential, the physical conditions enabling the phenomenon have not been clarified in the fram...

In addressing the detection of drug resistance in Helicobacter pylori, we have successfully developed an efficient and highly accurate detection methodology. Initially, we designed and fabricated a microarray chip, which underwent finite element anal...

Scavenging energy from the earcanal’s dynamic motion during jaw movements may be a practical way to enhance the battery autonomy of hearing aids. The main challenge is optimizing the amount of energy extracted while working with soft human tissues an...

The hydrothermal method has been utilized to synthesize graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) polymers and cobalt oxide composites effectively. The weight percentage of g-C₃N₄ nanoparticles influenced the electrochemical performance of the Co₃O₄-g-C₃N₄ c...

Gene editing tools have triggered a revolutionary transformation in the realms of cellular and molecular physiology, serving as a fundamental cornerstone for the evolution of disease models and assays in cell culture reactions, marked by various enha...

In order to realize the measurement of three-axis acceleration, pressure, and magnetic field, monolithic integrated three-axis acceleration/pressure/magnetic field sensors are proposed in this paper. The proposed sensors were constructed with an acce...

This paper presents a machine learning-based figure of merit model for superjunction (SJ) U-MOSFET (SSJ-UMOS) with a modulated drift region utilizing semi-insulating poly-crystalline silicon (SIPOS) pillars. This SJ drift region modulation is achieve...

Previous studies of motility at low temperatures in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been conducted at temperatures of up to 15 °C. In this study, we report that C. reinhardtii exhibits unique motility at a lower temperature range (−8.7 to 1....

The mechanical characteristics of graphene ribbons with an attached proof mass that can be used as NEMS transducers have been minimally studied, which hinders the development of graphene-based NEMS devices. Here, we simulated the mechanical character...

In response to the increasing demand for high-performance capacitors, with a simultaneous emphasis on minimizing their physical size, a common practice involves etching deep vias and coating them with functional layers to enhance operational efficien...

A terahertz band (0.1–10 THz) has the characteristics of rich spectrum resources, high transmission speed, strong penetration, and clear directionality. However, the terahertz signal will suffer serious attenuation and absorption during transmi...

Graphene, renowned for its exceptional electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, takes center stage in the realm of next-generation electronics. In this paper, we provide a thorough investigation into the comprehensive fabrication process of gr...

To non-invasively monitor personal biological and environmental samples in Internet of Things (IoT)-based wearable microfluidic sensing applications, the particle size could be key to sensing, which emphasizes the need for particle size fractionation...

As a core component of power conversion systems, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules continually suffer from severe thermal damage caused by temperature swings and shear stress, resulting in fatigue failure. Bond wires falling off is one...

Autostereoscopy is usually perceived at finite viewpoints that result from the separated pixel array of a display system. With directionally illuminated autostereoscopy, the separation of the illumination channel from the image channel provides extra...

For vibration isolation systems, vibration suppression and platform positioning are both important. Since absolute velocity feedback causes difficulty in achieving positioning while suppressing vibration, an H∞ control strategy based on sensor...

In this paper, we present a fully integrated circuit without inductance implementing Chua’s chaotic system. The circuit described in this study utilizes the SMIC 180 nm CMOS process and incorporates a multi-path voltage-controlled oscillator (V...

This study reveals the pronounced density of oxygen vacancies (Vo) at the back channel of back-channel-etched (BCE) a-InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) results from the sputtered deposition rather than the wet etching process of the sourc...

The power capacity of reflectarray antennas (RAs) is investigated through full-wave simulations and high-power microwave (HPM) experiments in this paper. In order to illustrate the results in detail, two RA elements are designed. The simulated power...

In this review, recent trends in microelectronics packaging reliability are summarized. We review the technology from early packaging concepts, including wire bond and BGA, to advanced techniques used in HI schemes such as 3D stacking, interposers, f...

Piezoelectric thin films are extensively used as sensing or actuating layers in various micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. However, most piezoelectrics are stiff ceramics, and current polymer piezoelectrics are not compatible with m...

The plasma rotating electrode process (PREP) is an ideal method for the preparation of metal powders such as nickel-based, titanium-based, and iron-based alloys due to its low material loss and good degree of sphericity. However, the preparation of s...

The three-point bending test is a valuable method for evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D-printed biomaterials, which can be used in various applications. The use of 3D printing in specimen preparation enables precise control over material com...

Machining special microstructures on the surface of silicon nitride ceramics helps improve their service performance. However, the high brittleness and low fracture toughness of silicon nitride ceramics make it extremely difficult to machine microstr...

Deterministic polishing based on jet electrochemical machining (Jet-ECM) is a stress-free machining method for low-rigidity and ultra-precision workpieces. The nozzle is equivalent to a special tool in deterministic polishing, and the workpiece mater...

Silicon waveguides are essential to integrated photonics, which is where optical and electronic components are coupled together on a single silicon chip. These waveguides allow for the integration of signal processing and optical transmission, which...

For some so-called computationally difficult problems, using the method of Boolean logic is fundamentally inefficient. For example, the vertex coloring problem looks very simple, but the number of possible solutions increases sharply with the increas...

Superhydrophobic surfaces, characterized by exceptional water repellency and self-cleaning properties, have gained significant attention for their diverse applications across industries. This review paper comprehensively explores the theoretical foun...

Negative features in microdevices find a wide range of applications. The process of 3D printing has revolutionized their fabrication due to the combination of good resolution and integration capability. Herein, we report on a systematic study of the...

This paper introduces the structure and characteristics of an internal-matching high-power Doherty power amplifier based on GaN HEMT devices with 0.25 μm process platforms from the Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute. Through parameter extraction...

Hematite is one of the most promising photoanode materials for the study of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting because of its ideal bandgap with sufficient visible light absorption and stability in alkaline electrolytes. However, owing to the...

Fingerprint recognition is a widely used biometric authentication method in LED-backlight smartphones. Due to the increasing demand for full-screen smartphones, under-display fingerprint recognition has become a popular trend. In this paper, we propo...

A wideband multi-polarized square-horn antenna based on an orthogonal mode transducer (OMT) is developed for working in the whole W-band in this paper. The designed antenna is capable of radiating multiple polarization modes as horizontal polarizatio...

Recently, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as having an important role in the next wave of technology due to their large potential applications in energy harvesting and smart sensing. Recognizing this, a device based on TENGs, which...

In this manuscript, a broadband transmitarray antenna (TA) using a metasurface-based element is presented for millimeter-wave communication applications. The metasurface-based TA element adopts a receiver–transmitter configuration: metasurfaces...

Conventional integral imaging (InIm) three-dimensional (3D) display has the defect of a small viewing angle and usually presents a single 3D image. In this paper, we propose a viewing-angle-enhanced and dual-view compatible InIm 3D display system. Th...

Continuous chromatography has emerged as one of the most attractive methods for protein purification. Establishing such systems involves installing several chromatographic units in series to enable continuous separation processes and reduce the cost...

The global demand for radio frequency (RF) modules and components has grown exponentially in recent decades. RF switches are the essential unit in RF front-end and reconfigurable systems leading to the rapid development of novel and advanced switch t...

Given the growing importance of lab-on-a-chip in a number of fields, such as medical diagnosis or environmental analysis, the fact that the current fabrication process relies mainly on oil-based polymers raises an ecological concern. As an eco-respon...

β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is a water-soluble, non-toxic, biocompatible, and cage compound that contains six, seven, or eight α-(1–4)-attached D-glucopyranose residues. The hydroxyl group in the β-CD is responsible for the reduc...

This paper reports on the design, implementation, and characterization of a current-mode analog-front-end circuit for capacitance-to-voltage conversion that can be used in connection with a large variety of sensors and actuators in industrial and reh...

With the continuous development of advanced packaging technology in heterogeneous semiconductor integration, the delamination failure problem in a dynamic service environment has gradually become a key factor limiting the reliability of packaging dev...

Amorphous alloy (AA) is a high-performance metal material generally with significantly excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties and thus is considered as a desirable material selection for micro-scale articles. However, the microfabri...

The process of forming metal components through selective laser melting (SLM) results in inherent spherical effects, powder adhesion, and step effects, which collectively lead to surface roughness in stainless steel, limiting its potential for high-e...

Quantum dots (QDs) have captured the attention of the scientific community due to their unique optical and electronic properties, leading to extensive research for different applications. They have also been employed as sensors for ionic species owin...

When machining high-speed steels (HSS) with micro-wire electrical discharge machining (micro-WEDM), high surface quality is achieved as standard. The value of the roughness parameter Ra is less than 0.2 μm. However, the problem is the performance...

In recent years, global attention towards new energy has surged due to increasing energy demand and environmental concerns. Researchers have intensified their focus on new energy, leading to advancements in technologies like triboelectrification, whi...