Remote Sensing, Volume 12, Issue 7

The detection, monitoring, and forecasting of sea-ice conditions, including their extremes, is very important for ship navigation and offshore activities, and for monitoring of sea-ice processes and trends. We summarize here recent advances in the mo...

Monitoring the expansion of commodity crops in the tropics is crucial to safeguard forests for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is one such crop that is a major driver of deforestation in Southeast Asia. We evaluated...

Irrigated croplands require large annual water inputs and are critical to global food production. Actual evapotranspiration (AET) is a main index of water use in croplands, and several remote-sensing products have been developed to quantify AET at th...

As a key biotic factor, phenology exerts fundamental influences on ecosystem carbon sequestration. However, whether spring phenology affects the subsequent seasonal ecosystem productivity and the underlying resource limitation mechanism remains uncle...

The integration of three-dimensional (3D) data defined in different coordinate systems requires the use of well-known registration procedures, which aim to align multiple models relative to a common reference frame. Depending on the achieved accuracy...

Recent developments in the fields of geographical object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) and ensemble learning (EL) have led the way to the development of automated processing frameworks suitable to tackle large-scale problems. Mapping riverscape units...

Oil spills are a global phenomenon with impacts that cut across socio-economic, health, and environmental dimensions of the coastal ecosystem. However, comprehensive assessment of oil spill impacts and selection of appropriate remediation approaches...

Hybrid quadrature polarimetric (hybrid quad-pol) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is proposed as a potential candidate for the full-polarimetric SAR mode. It allows balanced range ambiguity performance and simplified system structure. System based on h...

Lidar techniques have been widely employed for atmospheric remote sensing during past decades. However, an important drawback of the traditional atmospheric pulsed lidar technique is the large blind range, typically hundreds of meters, due to incompl...

The recently released Landsat analysis ready data (ARD) over the United States provides the opportunity to investigate landscape dynamics using dense time series observations at 30-m resolution. However, the dataset often contains data gaps (or missi...

As opposed to monostatic radars where incoherent backscattering dominates, in bistatic radars, such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R), the forward scattered signals exhibit both an incoherent and a coherent component. Curr...

In addition to studies of sea level change and mantle rheology, reliable Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) models are necessary as a background model to correct the widely used Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) monthly gravity solution...

Earth observation data can provide important information for tree species diversity mapping and monitoring. The relatively recent advances in remote sensing data characteristics and processing systems elevate the potential of satellite imagery for pr...

This work presents a methodology to monitor the dynamic behaviour of tall metallic towers based on ground-based radar interferometry, and apply it to the case of telecommunication towers. Ground-based radar displacement measurements of metallic tower...

Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is one of the major yield-limiting soybean diseases in the Midwestern United States. Effective management for SDS requires accurate detection in soybean fields. Since traditional scouting methods are time-consuming, labor-...

Nowadays, it is of great interest to know and forecast the solar energy resource that will be constantly available in order to optimize its use. The generation of electrical energy using CSP (concentrated solar power) plants is mostly affected by atm...

For single-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) users, ionospheric delay is the main error source affecting the accuracy of positioning. Applying a broadcast ionospheric correction model to mitigate the ionospheric delay is essential...

Real-time (RT) ocean surface wind can make key improvements to disaster alarmingand safety of maritime navigation to avoid loss in property and human lives. Wind scatterometry is a well-acquainted way of obtaining good quality ocean surface winds, an...

In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of automatic small object detection, such as vehicles and vessels, in satellite imagery with a spatial resolution between 0.3 and 0.5 m. The main challenges of this task are the small objects, as well as...

Due to the extensive drilling performed every year in exploration campaigns for the discovery and evaluation of ore deposits, drill-core mapping is becoming an essential step. While valuable mineralogical information is extracted during core logging...

The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) plays an important role in image segmentation, but the difficulty of GMM for modeling asymmetric, heavy-tailed, or multimodal distributions of pixel intensities significantly limits its application. One effective way...

The electromagnetic imaging of multi-layered circular structures can be accomplished by means of different approaches. Among these approaches, the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques with the compensation of the Green’s function fo...

Spatial urban growth and its impact on land surface temperature (LST) is a high priority environmental issue for urban policy. Although the impact of horizontal spatial growth of cities on LST is well studied, the impact of the vertical spatial distr...

Surface particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm (PM_2.5) and column-integrated aerosol optical depth (AOD) exhibits substantial diurnal, daily, and yearly variabilities that are regionally dependent. The diversity of these tempor...

With the development of deep learning technology, an enormous number of convolutional neural network (CNN) models have been proposed to address the challenging building extraction task from very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing images. However, s...

Landslide susceptibility mapping is well recognized as an essential element in supporting decision-making activities for preventing and mitigating landslide hazards as it provides information regarding locations where landslides are most likely to oc...

Much attention is being paid to using high-performance convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the area of ship detection in optical remoting sensing (ORS) images. However, the problem of false negatives (FNs) caused by side-by-side ships cannot be s...

The ionosphere is one of the largest error sources in GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) applications and can cause up to several meters of error in positioning. Especially for single-frequency users, who cannot correct the ionospheric delay,...

Soil color and mineralogy are used as diagnostic criteria to distinguish different soil types. In the literature, 350–2500 nm spectra were successfully used to predict soil color and mineralogy, but these attributes currently are not mapped for...

The planting year of apple orchard not only determines the fruit output but also provides information for the governmental management of the fruit industry. However, considering that different orchards use different management and cultivation methods...

Adequate groundwater development for the rural population is essential because groundwater is an important source of drinking water and agricultural water. In this study, ensemble models of decision tree-based machine learning algorithms were used wi...

Remote sensing has been recognized as the main technique to extract land cover/land use (LC/LU) data, required to address many environmental issues. Therefore, over the years, many approaches have been introduced and explored to optimize the resultan...

Amazonian ecosystems are major biodiversity hotspots and carbon sinks that may lose species to extinction and become carbon sources due to extreme dry or warm conditions. We investigated the seasonal patterns of high-resolution solar-induced chloroph...

Supraglacial lakes can have considerable impact on ice sheet mass balance and global sea-level-rise through ice shelf fracturing and subsequent glacier speedup. In Antarctica, the distribution and temporal development of supraglacial lakes as well as...

Knowledge of the location and extent of agricultural fields is required for many applications, including agricultural statistics, environmental monitoring, and administrative policies. Furthermore, many mapping applications, such as object-based clas...

Hyperspectral remote sensing images (HSIs) have a higher spectral resolution compared to multispectral remote sensing images, providing the possibility for more reasonable and effective analysis and processing of spectral data. However, rich spectral...

Soil organic matter (SOM) is the main source of soil nutrients, which are essential for the growth and development of agricultural crops. Hyperspectral remote sensing is one of the most efficient ways of estimating the SOM content. Visible, near infr...

The spatial resolution of in situ unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral images has a crucial effect on crop growth monitoring and image acquisition efficiency. However, existing studies about optimal spatial resolution for crop monitoring are m...

The paper describes the development of predictive equations of windthrow for five tree species based on remote sensing of wind-affected stands in southwestern New Brunswick (NB). The data characterises forest conditions before, during and after the p...

In the context of the Copernicus Program, EUMETSAT prioritizes the creation of an ocean color infrastructure for system vicarious calibration (OC-SVC). This work aims to reply to this need by proposing the European Radiometry Buoy and Infrastructure...

This paper proposes three feature extraction (FE) methods based on density estimation for hyperspectral images (HSIs). The methods are a mixture of factor analyzers (MFA), deep MFA (DMFA), and supervised MFA (SMFA). The MFA extends the Gaussian mixtu...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Radio Occultation (RO) is a highly valuable remote sensing technique for probing the Earth’s atmosphere, due to its global coverage, high accuracy, long-term stability, and essentially all-weather capab...

An accurate assessment of evapotranspiration (ET) is crucially needed at the basin scale for studying the hydrological processes and water balance especially from upstream to downstream. In the mountains, this term is poorly understood because of var...

Knowledge of the location and extent of surface water and inundated vegetation is vital for a range of applications including flood risk management, biodiversity monitoring, quantifying greenhouse gas emissions, and mapping water-borne disease risk....

This paper deals with the retrieval of snow depth (SD) and snow water equivalent (SWE) using dual-polarization (HH-VV) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. The effect of different snowpack conditions on the SD and SWE inversion accuracy was demonstra...

Traditional choropleth maps, created on the basis of administrative units, often fail to accurately represent population distribution due to the high spatial heterogeneity and the temporal dynamics of the population within the units. Furthermore, upd...

Using drones to count wildlife saves time and resources and allows access to difficult or dangerous areas. We collected drone imagery of breeding waterbirds at colonies in the Okavango Delta (Botswana) and Lowbidgee floodplain (Australia). We develop...

Land use and land cover (LULC) mapping is often undertaken by national mapping agencies, where these LULC products are used for different types of monitoring and reporting applications. Updating of LULC databases is often done on a multi-year cycle d...

As an essential climate variable (ECV), land surface albedo plays an important role in the Earth surface radiation budget and regional or global climate change. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a sensitive environment to climate change, and understanding...

This work presents an overview of the multiple aperture synthetic aperture radar interferometric (MAI) technique, which is primarily used to measure the along-track components of the Earth’s surface deformation, by investigating its capabilitie...