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Infectious Disease Reports
Volume 12
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10.4081/idr.2020.8760
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Infectious Disease Reports is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Article

Analysis of Lymphocyte T(CD4+) Cells Expression on Severe Early Childhood Caries and Free Caries

by
Muhammad Luthfi
1,*,
Priyawan Rachmadi
2,
Aqsa Sjuhada Oki
1,
Retno Indrawati
1,
Agung Sosiawan
3 and
Muhaimin Rifa’i
4
1
Department of Oral Biology, Indoensia
2
Department of Dental Material, Indoensia
3
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indoensia
4
Department of Physiology, Cell Culture and Animal Develepment, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indoensia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12(s1), 8760; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8760
Submission received: 17 February 2020 / Revised: 1 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 / Published: 6 July 2020

Abstract

Early childhood caries (ECC) is still one of the many diseases found in children throughout the world. Cariogenic bacteria are a significant risk factor for ECC associated with early colonization and high levels of cariogenic microbes (Streptococcus mutans, S. mutans). Lymphocyte T (CD4+) cells known as helper T cells, are effector cells for mediated host immunity. Naive T cells (CD4+) must be activated to initiate effector function. This activation occurs through interaction with professional antigen- presenting cells (pro-APC), especially dendritic cells that lead to intracellular pathways that regulate T cell receptor (TCR) more specifically against antigen in T cells. Lymphocyte cells from samples were collected from severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and Free caries aged 5 to 6 years. The subjects were instructed to gargle 10 mL of sterile NaCl 1.5% solution for 30 seconds, and expectorate it into a sterile glass then analyzing T lymphocyte cell (CD4+) expression using flow cytometry. Lymphocyte T (CD4+) cell expression at SECC (6.2525 ± 64482) while in free caries (8.4138 ± 1.10397) with P-value (P = 0. 000). Conclusion of lymphocyte T (CD4+) cells expression at S-ECC is lower than that occurring in free caries.
Keywords: Severe early childhood caries; adaptive immunity; lymphocyte T (CD4+) cells expression Severe early childhood caries; adaptive immunity; lymphocyte T (CD4+) cells expression

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MDPI and ACS Style

Luthfi, M.; Rachmadi, P.; Oki, A.S.; Indrawati, R.; Sosiawan, A.; Rifa’i, M. Analysis of Lymphocyte T(CD4+) Cells Expression on Severe Early Childhood Caries and Free Caries. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12, 8760. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8760

AMA Style

Luthfi M, Rachmadi P, Oki AS, Indrawati R, Sosiawan A, Rifa’i M. Analysis of Lymphocyte T(CD4+) Cells Expression on Severe Early Childhood Caries and Free Caries. Infectious Disease Reports. 2020; 12(s1):8760. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8760

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luthfi, Muhammad, Priyawan Rachmadi, Aqsa Sjuhada Oki, Retno Indrawati, Agung Sosiawan, and Muhaimin Rifa’i. 2020. "Analysis of Lymphocyte T(CD4+) Cells Expression on Severe Early Childhood Caries and Free Caries" Infectious Disease Reports 12, no. s1: 8760. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8760

APA Style

Luthfi, M., Rachmadi, P., Oki, A. S., Indrawati, R., Sosiawan, A., & Rifa’i, M. (2020). Analysis of Lymphocyte T(CD4+) Cells Expression on Severe Early Childhood Caries and Free Caries. Infectious Disease Reports, 12(s1), 8760. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8760

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