Pharmaceutics, Volume 16, Issue 3

Head and neck cancer is a common cancer worldwide. Radiotherapy has an essential role in the treatment of head and neck cancers. After irradiation, early effects of reduced saliva flow and hampered water secretion are seen, along with cell loss and a...

Therapeutic microbubbles (thMBs) contain drug-filled liposomes linked to microbubbles and targeted to vascular proteins. Upon the application of a destructive ultrasound trigger, drug uptake to tumour is improved. However, the structure of thMBs curr...

Triboelectrification is a ubiquitous and poorly understood phenomenon in powder processing, particularly for pharmaceutical powders. Charged particles can adhere to vessel walls, causing sheeting; they can also cause agglomeration, threatening the st...

Since the 1960s, efforts have been made to develop new technologies to eliminate the risk of thrombosis in medical devices that come into contact with blood. Preventing thrombosis resulting from the contact of a medical device, such as an implant, wi...

The intestine is essential for the modulation of nutrient absorption and the removal of waste. Gut pathologies, such as cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and celiac disease, which extensively impact gut functi...

Hydrogels with injectability have emerged as the focal point in tissue filling, owing to their unique properties, such as minimal adverse effects, faster recovery, good results, and negligible disruption to daily activities. These hydrogels could att...

Alveolar macrophages play a vital role in a variety of lung diseases, including tuberculosis. Thus, alveolar macrophage targeted anti-tubercular drug delivery through nanocarriers could improve its therapeutic response against tuberculosis. The curre...

The rice bran and rice bran wax of the KJ CMU107 rice strain were investigated as potential tablet lubricants in a directly compressed tablet formulation. Stabilized full-fatted rice bran (sFFRB), stabilized defatted rice bran (sDFRB), and rice bran...

The topical use of sunscreens is recommended for avoiding the damaging effects of UV radiation. However, improvements are still needed in the existing products to enhance their photoprotection effectiveness and safety. This involves minimizing the us...

Apoptotic cells possess immunomodulatory effects that can be utilized to treat imbalanced immune conditions. Information on the preclinical safety of such treatment is sparse. In this study, the safety of apoptotic cells (Allocetra-OTS) was assessed...

Drug transporters are membrane proteins, mediating, across cell membranes, the absorption, distribution, and excretion of a diverse array of endogenous and exogenous substances such as nutrients, metabolites, toxins, and drugs [...]

Fluorescent bioprobes are invaluable tools for visualizing live cells and deciphering complex biological processes by targeting intracellular biomarkers without disrupting cellular functions. In addition to protein-binding concepts, fluorescent probe...

The therapeutic application of biofunctional proteins relies on their intracellular delivery, which is hindered by poor cellular uptake and transport from endosomes to cytoplasm. Herein, we constructed a two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin layered double...

One of the major challenges in harnessing the therapeutic benefits of curcumin (an active ingredient from turmeric) is its poor bioavailability due to its short biological half-life. In this regard, nanoformulations have shown tremendous hope for imp...

Several alum-adjuvanted vaccines have been licensed in the past 40 years. Despite its extensive and continuous use, the immune mechanism of action of alum adjuvants is not yet completely understood. Many different variables during the formulation pro...

The rhizome of Kaempferia galanga (Zingiberaceae) is extensively used in traditional medicine by utilizing its various biological activities. It has been proven that ethyl-para-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and other polyphenolic compounds are present in c...

Opioids are commonly prescribed for the treatment of chronic pain. Approximately 50% of adults who are prescribed opioids for pain co-use cannabis with their opioid treatment. Morphine is primarily metabolized by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7...

Sildenafil is used to treat pulmonary hypertension in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) settings. As multiple intravenous (IV) medications are co-administered in NICU settings, we sought to investigate the physicochemical compatibility of sildenafi...

Swallowing oral solid dosage forms is challenging for those who have medication swallowing difficulties, including patients with dysphagia. One option is to mix the drug (whole or crushed) with a thick vehicle (medication lubricant). Previous in vitr...

Purpose: It is well known that inhibition of Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) provides cardiac protection in cases of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. However, there are currently no cytoplasm-impermeable drugs that t...

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affects 6–7 million people worldwide. The dichloromethane extract obtained from the aerial parts of Gymnocoronis spilanthoides var subcordata showed trypanocidal activity in vitro. The...

Human glioblastoma is probably the most malignant and aggressive among cerebral tumors, of which it represents approximately 80% of the reported cases, with an overall survival rate that is quite low. Current therapies include surgery, chemotherapy,...

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasitic protozoan with a high infection rate in mammals, including humans, and birds. There is no effective vaccine, and treatment relies on antiparasitic drugs. However, existing antiprotozoal drugs have stron...

Capsaicin and curcumin, the active components of chili and turmeric, are prone to instability when exposed to light. Therefore, this research aimed to enhance the photostability of both extracts via the use of antioxidants, natural sunscreen, and nan...

Despite spectacular clinical successes across several cancer types, immune checkpoint inhibition is effective only in subgroups of patients and suffers from significant systemic toxicities, highlighting the need to understand and locally overcome the...

Nanotechnology has provided an opportunity for unparalleled development of the treatment of various severe diseases. The unique properties of nanoparticles offer a promising strategy for enhancing antitumor immunity by enhancing immunogenicity and pr...

The study presents data on the anti-inflammatory effects of a combination of sodium dichloroacetate and sodium valproate (DCA–VPA) on the expression of inflammation- and immune response-related genes in T lymphocytes of SARS-CoV-2 patients. The...

Three-dimensional printing in the field of additive manufacturing shows potential for customized medicines and solving gaps in paediatric formulations. Despite successful clinical trials, 3D printing use in pharmaceutical point-of-care is limited by...

The continuous evolution of new viruses poses a danger to world health. Rampant outbreaks may advance to pandemic level, often straining financial and medical resources to breaking point. While vaccination remains the gold standard to prevent viral i...

Excitotoxicity has been linked to the pathogenesis of several serious degenerative ocular diseases. Long-term overactivation of the NMDA receptor by glutamate in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) results in degeneration, apoptosis and loss of function le...

The flow properties of pellets or granules are crucial for further processing drug dosage forms. Optimal compression or filling of multiparticulate dosage forms into capsules is influenced by forces between discrete particles, which could be partiall...

It is evident that radiolabeled drug delivery systems hold great promise in the field of lung cancer management. The combination of therapeutic agents with radiotracers not only allows for precise localization within lung tumors but also enables real...

A particular attribute of the brain lies in the ability to learn, acquire information from the environment, and utilize the learned information. Previous research has noted that various factors (e.g., age, stress, anxiety, pathological issues), inclu...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a widespread type of leukemia that predominantly targets B lymphocytes, undermining the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. In healthy B cells, miR-15/16, a tandem of microRNAs, functions as a tumor...

Human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) is a zinc(II)-dependent metalloenzyme that plays a critical role in the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to protons and bicarbonate. It is a membrane-bound protein with an extracellular catalytic center that...

Lipid-bilayer-based liposomes are gaining attention in scientific research for their versatile role in drug delivery. With their amphiphilic design, liposomes efficiently encapsulate and deliver drugs to targeted sites, offering controlled release. T...

Adding certain excipients during the extraction process can enhance the concentration of target compounds, leading to potentially increased biological properties of the plant extract. This study explores the impact of PVP/VAC and SSG excipients on re...

Designing spray-dried particles for inhalation aims at specific physicochemical properties including a respirable aerodynamic diameter and adequate powder dispersibility. Leucine, an amphiphilic amino acid, has been shown to aid in optimizing bulk po...

Background: Although its immunomodulatory properties make thymopentin (TP5) appealing, its rapid metabolism and inactivation in the digestive system pose significant challenges for global scientists. PEGylated niosomal nanocarriers are hypothesized t...

The opportunistic bacteria growing in biofilms play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of chronic infectious diseases. Biofilm-dwelling bacteria behave differently than planktonic bacteria and are likely to increase resistance and tolerance to antim...

Recently, several clinical studies have been conducted using microneedles (MNs), and various devices have been developed. This study aimed to propose and confirm the feasibility of a placebo control for activating MN clinical research. A 0.5 mm MN st...

This study aimed to develop a practical semi-mechanistic modeling framework to predict particle size evolution during wet bead milling of pharmaceutical nanosuspensions over a wide range of process conditions and milling scales. The model incorporate...

Cimicifuga racemosa extracts (CREs) have gained well-established use for the treatment of menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and excessive sweating, and weight gain. While the clinical effects of CREs have been well documented, the mechanisms un...

The use of metabolically stabilized, radiolabeled somatostatin (SST) analogs ([⁶⁸Ga]Ga/[¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE/TOC/NOC) is well established in nuclear medicine. Despite the pivotal role of these radioligands in the diagnosis and therapy of neuroendocrine...

Solid pharmaceutical formulations with class II active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) face dissolution challenges due to limited solubility, affecting in vivo behavior. Robust computational tools, via data mining, offer valuable insights into prod...

The purpose of this study was to predict the in vivo bioequivalence (BE) outcome of valsartan (VALS, BCS class IV) from three oral-fixed combination products with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, BCS class III) (Co-Diovan^® Forte as reference and two ge...

Accumulation of polymyxins in the lung epithelial cells can lead to increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and pulmonary toxicity. Aminoglycosides and polymyxins are used, via intravenous and pulmonary delivery, against multidrug-resistant Gram-neg...

Genetic polymorphisms can exert a considerable impact on drug pharmacokinetics (PK) and the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR). However, the effect of genetic polymorphisms on the anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug, and particularly rifampicin...

We describe the development and validation of a HPLC-MS/MS method to assess the pharmacokinetics and tumor distribution of fenretinide, a synthetic retinoid chemically related to all-trans-retinoic acid, after administration of a novel oral nanoformu...

Toxicological studies are a part of the drug development process and the preclinical stages, for which suitable vehicles ensuring easy and safe administration are crucial. However, poor aqueous solubility of drugs complicates vehicle screening for or...