DoE-Based Design of a Simple but Efficient Preparation Method for a Non-Effervescent Gastro-Retentive Floating Tablet Containing Metformin HCl

A sustained-release non-effervescent floating matrix tablet was prepared using a simple and efficient direct compression of spray-dried granules containing metformin hydrochloride and cetyl alcohol with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15M (HPMC K15M). The design of experiments was employed to explore the optimal composition of the tablet. The similarity factor was employed to evaluate the equivalence in dissolution profiles between the test tablets and Glucophage XR as a reference. Bootstrap analysis was used to eliminate the formulations for which the dissolution profile was potentially inequivalent to that of the reference. The optimized tablet consisting of 150 mg of cetyl alcohol and 17% HPMC K15M showed a dissolution profile comparable with that of the reference with a similarity factor of 52.41, exhibited a floating lag time of less than 3 s in buffer media, remained floating for 24 h, and reduced the tablet weight by about 20% compared to that of the reference. The current study sheds light on the potential use of non-effervescent gastro-retentive extended-release tablets for high-dose drugs using a simple and efficient direct compression method, and as a potential alternative treatment for Glucophage XR. This study also highlights the importance of a systematic approach to formulation optimization and the evaluation of the dissolution profile.