Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

Nuñez, David; Barraza, Juan; Guerrero, Juan; Díaz, Luis; K. Dalai, Ajay; Borugadda, Venu Babu

doi:10.3390/ma17215389

Open AccessArticle

Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

by

David Nuñez

¹

,

Juan Barraza

^1,*

,

Juan Guerrero

¹

,

Luis Díaz

²

,

Ajay K. Dalai

³ and

Venu Babu Borugadda

^3,*

¹

Chemical Engineering School, Ciudad Universitaria Meléndez, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali 25360, Colombia

²

Valledupar Research and Development Center (CIDVA), Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Transversal 22 Bis #4-105, Valledupar 200005, Colombia

³

College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2024, 17(21), 5389; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215389

Submission received: 23 September 2024 / Revised: 17 October 2024 / Accepted: 1 November 2024 / Published: 4 November 2024

(This article belongs to the Section Biomaterials)

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Abstract

The use of Lufenuron 50-EC pesticide in oil palm crops affects water quality and aquatic life. This study investigated the adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC from an aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from oil palm shells (OPSs). Activated carbon (AC) was prepared through physical and chemical activation processes in carbon dioxide environments, using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a chemical activating agent. The resulting AC was characterized using standard techniques. The most favorable operating parameters were physical activation at 900 °C for 2 h, achieving a BET surface area of 548 m²/g. For chemical activation, at 800 °C, 1 h, and an impregnation ratio (KOH/biochar) of 2:1 (w/w), a BET surface area of 90 m²/g was obtained, which was smaller than that achieved by physical activation. The use of KOH reduced the surface area but generated a high presence of functional groups on the AC surface, which is important for adsorption processes. The AC produced achieved high Lufenuron adsorption yields, reaching a maximum of 96.93%. AC produced at 900 °C with 2 h showed the best performance. Therefore, OPS is an excellent precursor for producing AC with favorable characteristics for pollutant adsorption in aqueous solutions, especially for the insecticide Lufenuron.

Keywords: oil palm shell; activated carbon; adsorption; Lufenuron 50-EC pesticide

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nuñez, D.; Barraza, J.; Guerrero, J.; Díaz, L.; K. Dalai, A.; Borugadda, V.B. Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon. Materials 2024, 17, 5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215389

AMA Style

Nuñez D, Barraza J, Guerrero J, Díaz L, K. Dalai A, Borugadda VB. Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon. Materials. 2024; 17(21):5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215389

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nuñez, David, Juan Barraza, Juan Guerrero, Luis Díaz, Ajay K. Dalai, and Venu Babu Borugadda. 2024. "Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon" Materials 17, no. 21: 5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215389

APA Style

Nuñez, D., Barraza, J., Guerrero, J., Díaz, L., K. Dalai, A., & Borugadda, V. B. (2024). Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon. Materials, 17(21), 5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17215389

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Adsorption of Lufenuron 50-EC Pesticide from Aqueous Solution Using Oil Palm Shell-Derived Activated Carbon

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