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Article

Coefficient Extraction of SAC305 Solder Constitutive Equations Using Equation-Informed Neural Networks

1
Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
2
Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
3
College of Semiconductor Research, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30013, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2023, 16(14), 4922; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144922
Submission received: 28 May 2023 / Revised: 30 June 2023 / Accepted: 5 July 2023 / Published: 10 July 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Simulation and Reliability Assessment of Advanced Packaging)

Abstract

Equation-Informed Neural Networks (EINNs) are developed as an efficient method for extracting the coefficients of constitutive equations. Subsequently, numerical Bayesian Inference (BI) iterations were applied to estimate the distribution of these coefficients, thereby further refining them. We could generate coefficients optimally aligned with the targeted application scenario by carefully adjusting pre-processing mapping parameters and identifying dataset preferences. Leveraging graphical representation techniques, the EINNs formulation is implemented in temperature- and strain-rate-dependent hyperbolic Garofalo, Anand, and Chaboche constitutive models to extract the corresponding coefficients for lead-free SAC305 solder material. The performance of the EINNs-based extracted coefficients, obtained from experimental results of SAC305 solder material, is comparable to existing studies. The methodology offers the dual advantage of providing the coefficients’ value and distribution against the training dataset.
Keywords: Equation-Informed Neural Networks; advanced electronic packaging; numerical Bayesian Inference; constitutive equations; Pb-free SAC305 solders Equation-Informed Neural Networks; advanced electronic packaging; numerical Bayesian Inference; constitutive equations; Pb-free SAC305 solders

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yuan, C.; Su, Q.; Chiang, K.-N. Coefficient Extraction of SAC305 Solder Constitutive Equations Using Equation-Informed Neural Networks. Materials 2023, 16, 4922. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144922

AMA Style

Yuan C, Su Q, Chiang K-N. Coefficient Extraction of SAC305 Solder Constitutive Equations Using Equation-Informed Neural Networks. Materials. 2023; 16(14):4922. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144922

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuan, Cadmus, Qinghua Su, and Kuo-Ning Chiang. 2023. "Coefficient Extraction of SAC305 Solder Constitutive Equations Using Equation-Informed Neural Networks" Materials 16, no. 14: 4922. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144922

APA Style

Yuan, C., Su, Q., & Chiang, K.-N. (2023). Coefficient Extraction of SAC305 Solder Constitutive Equations Using Equation-Informed Neural Networks. Materials, 16(14), 4922. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16144922

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