Thermal, Physico-Chemical, and Mechanical Behaviour of Mass Concrete with Hybrid Blends of Bentonite and Fly Ash
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Iqra National University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
2
Department of Civil Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23460, Swabi, KPK, Pakistan
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, FAST National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2019, 12(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010060
Received: 12 November 2018
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Revised: 14 December 2018
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Accepted: 17 December 2018
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Published: 25 December 2018
Mass concrete has been commonly known for its thermal stresses which arise due to the entrapment of hydration temperature susceptible to thermal cracking. The utilization of mineral additives is a promising and widely adopted technique to mitigate such effects. This paper presents the thermal, physico-chemical, mechanical, and morphological behaviour of mass concrete with blends of bentonite (BT) and fly ash (FA). Apart from the rise in temperature due to hydration, the compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and microstructure were studied. The results of this study revealed that the substitution of BT and FA significantly improved the compressive strength and development rate of UPV in the mass concrete samples. The FA concrete (FC) specimen presented the lowest temperature during the peak hours compared to all other concrete mixes studied in this research. Bentonite concrete (BC) was also found to be more effective in controlling the escalation of temperature in mass concrete. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs presented partially reacted FA particles in a mix. XRD and DTA analysis indicated that the concentration of calcium hydroxide (CH) declined by substituting FA and BT, specifically in ternary blends, which was due to the dilution effect and consumption of CH through the pozzolanic reaction.
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Keywords:
mass concrete; thermal analysis; TGA/DTA; XRD; mechanical properties
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ahad, M.Z.; Ashraf, M.; Kumar, R.; Ullah, M. Thermal, Physico-Chemical, and Mechanical Behaviour of Mass Concrete with Hybrid Blends of Bentonite and Fly Ash. Materials 2019, 12, 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010060
AMA Style
Ahad MZ, Ashraf M, Kumar R, Ullah M. Thermal, Physico-Chemical, and Mechanical Behaviour of Mass Concrete with Hybrid Blends of Bentonite and Fly Ash. Materials. 2019; 12(1):60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010060
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhad, Muhammad Z., Muhammad Ashraf, Rabinder Kumar, and Mukhtar Ullah. 2019. "Thermal, Physico-Chemical, and Mechanical Behaviour of Mass Concrete with Hybrid Blends of Bentonite and Fly Ash" Materials 12, no. 1: 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12010060
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