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Article

Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris

by
Citlali Fonseca-García
†,
Claudia Marina López-García
,
Ronal Pacheco
,
Elisabeth Armada
,
Noreide Nava
,
Rocío Pérez-Aguilar
,
Jorge Solis-Miranda
and
Carmen Quinto
*
Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current Address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Plant Gene Expression Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(3), 1491; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031491
Submission received: 24 December 2021 / Revised: 22 January 2022 / Accepted: 24 January 2022 / Published: 27 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Plant-Rhizosphere Communication)
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Abstract

Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a heterogeneous family of ubiquitous metal ion-binding proteins. In plants, MTs participate in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, protection against heavy metal stress, oxidative stress responses, and responses to pathogen attack. Despite their wide variety of functions, the role of MTs in symbiotic associations, specifically nodule-fabacean symbiosis, is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the role of the PvMT1A gene in Phaseolus vulgaris-Rhizobium tropici symbiosis using bioinformatics and reverse genetics approaches. Using in silico analysis, we identified six genes encoding MTs in P. vulgaris, which were clustered into three of the four classes described in plants. PvMT1A transcript levels were significantly higher in roots inoculated with R. tropici at 7 and 30 days post inoculation (dpi) than in non-inoculated roots. Functional analysis showed that downregulating PvMT1A by RNA interference (RNAi) reduced the number of infection events at 7 and 10 dpi and the number of nodules at 14 and 21 dpi. In addition, nodule development was negatively affected in PvMT1A:RNAi transgenic roots, and these nodules displayed a reduced nitrogen fixation rate at 21 dpi. These results strongly suggest that PvMT1A plays an important role in the infection process and nodule development in P. vulgaris during rhizobial symbiosis.
Keywords: metallothionein; nodule symbiosis; common bean; rhizobial infection; reactive oxygen species metallothionein; nodule symbiosis; common bean; rhizobial infection; reactive oxygen species

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fonseca-García, C.; López-García, C.M.; Pacheco, R.; Armada, E.; Nava, N.; Pérez-Aguilar, R.; Solis-Miranda, J.; Quinto, C. Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 1491. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031491

AMA Style

Fonseca-García C, López-García CM, Pacheco R, Armada E, Nava N, Pérez-Aguilar R, Solis-Miranda J, Quinto C. Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3):1491. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031491

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fonseca-García, Citlali, Claudia Marina López-García, Ronal Pacheco, Elisabeth Armada, Noreide Nava, Rocío Pérez-Aguilar, Jorge Solis-Miranda, and Carmen Quinto. 2022. "Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3: 1491. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031491

APA Style

Fonseca-García, C., López-García, C. M., Pacheco, R., Armada, E., Nava, N., Pérez-Aguilar, R., Solis-Miranda, J., & Quinto, C. (2022). Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(3), 1491. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031491

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