Topic Editors

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
Dr. Detian Wan
State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials, China Building Materials Academy, Beijing 100024, China

Metal-Ceramic Composites: Microstructure Tailoring, Properties and Applications

Abstract submission deadline
closed (30 September 2023)
Manuscript submission deadline
closed (30 November 2023)
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Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

By tailoring the microstructure of metal–ceramic composites, it is believed that the properties of composites could be upgraded. In this issue, we invite researchers focusing on the fabrication process, microstructure tailoring, properties’ characterization, and promising applications of advanced metal–ceramic composites to submit research papers, review articles, and communications for publication.

Prof. Dr. Chunfeng Hu
Dr. Detian Wan
Topic Editors

Keywords

  • metallurgy
  • metal–ceramic composites
  • cermet
  • microstructure
  • property

Participating Journals

Journal Name Impact Factor CiteScore Launched Year First Decision (median) APC
Ceramics
ceramics
2.7 3.0 2018 25.2 Days CHF 1600
Coatings
coatings
2.9 5.0 2011 13.7 Days CHF 2600
Materials
materials
3.1 5.8 2008 15.5 Days CHF 2600
Metals
metals
2.6 4.9 2011 16.5 Days CHF 2600
Nanomaterials
nanomaterials
4.4 8.5 2010 13.8 Days CHF 2900

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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14 pages, 3347 KiB  
Article
Influence of Different Shaping and Finishing Processes on the Surface Integrity of WC-Co Cemented Carbides
by Guiomar Riu-Perdrix, Sebastian Slawik, Frank Mücklich, Luis Llanes and Joan Josep Roa
Metals 2024, 14(1), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010052 - 30 Dec 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1409
Abstract
Investigation of four different surface-shaping and finishing sequences is carried out on the surface integrity of a WC-10Co hardmetal grade. The surface conditions include grinding, electrical discharge machining and grinding, followed by mechanical and dry-electrochemical polishing using the DryLyte® technology. The evaluation [...] Read more.
Investigation of four different surface-shaping and finishing sequences is carried out on the surface integrity of a WC-10Co hardmetal grade. The surface conditions include grinding, electrical discharge machining and grinding, followed by mechanical and dry-electrochemical polishing using the DryLyte® technology. The evaluation includes the measurement of roughness, residual stresses, the Vickers hardness, indentation fracture toughness determination and the damage induced by conical contact response. By scanning electron microscopy, a systematic and detailed examination of the residual imprints is carried out to determine the critical loads for damage initiation and development across the different surface conditions. The results indicate that the use of dry-electrochemical polishing enables the attainment of polished surfaces without any corrosive damage to the metallic binder. Moreover, it retains the mechanical attributes reminiscent of the core material, comprising 85% that were initially induced via grinding. Full article
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16 pages, 13077 KiB  
Article
Structure and Wear Resistance of Composite TiC-NiMo Coating Produced by L-DED on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate
by Nikolay Razumov, Dmitriy Masaylo, Mark Kovalev, Ekaterina Volokitina, Alina Mazeeva and Anatoliy Popovich
Metals 2023, 13(12), 1925; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13121925 - 23 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1085
Abstract
Fabrication of W- and Co-free wear-resistant cermets is a vital task in modern machinery due to the toxicity of Co-based products and poor availability of Co and W containing raw materials. In this paper, a TiC-NiMo coating produced by laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) [...] Read more.
Fabrication of W- and Co-free wear-resistant cermets is a vital task in modern machinery due to the toxicity of Co-based products and poor availability of Co and W containing raw materials. In this paper, a TiC-NiMo coating produced by laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate was demonstrated. Mechanical alloying of TiC, Ni and Mo powders followed by spray-drying was proposed to fabricate a feedstock spherical composite powder suitable for an L-DED machine. It was shown that this method is more applicable in the case of a TiC-containing composition than gas atomization and plasma spheroidization methods. The size of the resulting particles was in the range of 10–100 μm while the size of the 70 vol.% was in the range of 45–75 μm. L-DED provided a good adhesion of the coating, though the presence of pores and transverse cracks was also observed. The coating’s hardness was up to 1500 HV, which is not inferior to the hardness of known TiC-based cermets and is promising for obtaining a good wear resistance of the coating. It was shown that it depended on the thickness due to the mixing zone influence. The coating structure contained TiC- and Mo-based precipitates and a Ni-based binder. The weight loss of the coating samples after an abrasive wear test with 4000 revolutions of a testing wheel was 0.0464 g and that can be considered insignificant. The wear did not lead to the appearance of new defects and cleavage of the coating. Further optimization of the component ratio and L-DED parameters could help to improve the performance of the coating and make this technology rather promising to improve the wear resistance of machinery parts working in high-wear environments. Full article
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14 pages, 9115 KiB  
Article
Microstructural Evolution and Gas-Tight Properties of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia/Crofer 22H Stainless Steel Brazed Joints with the Ag-Ge-Si Filler for Use in Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells
by Liang-Wei Huang, Ren-Kae Shiue and Chien-Kuo Liu
Metals 2023, 13(11), 1866; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111866 - 9 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1045
Abstract
In this paper, a novel 95Ag-2.5Ge-2.5Si (in wt %) filler is utilized for brazing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes and commercial Crofer 22H interconnects for solid-oxide fuel cells’ (SOFCs) sealing application. Before brazing, surface metallization is applied on YSZ and Crofer 22H substrates to [...] Read more.
In this paper, a novel 95Ag-2.5Ge-2.5Si (in wt %) filler is utilized for brazing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes and commercial Crofer 22H interconnects for solid-oxide fuel cells’ (SOFCs) sealing application. Before brazing, surface metallization is applied on YSZ and Crofer 22H substrates to improve the wetting performance of the filler on YSZ and Crofer 22H substrates. The brazing procedure is performed at 900 °C for 10 min under a high vacuum (~10−6 torr) to prepare sandwiched YSZ/Crofer 22H brazed coupons. The metallization mentioned above can achieve reactive wetting toward YSZ ceramics. A Si/Ti-rich oxide layer and an Fe-Cr-Si alloying phase are formed at the brazed joints’ YSZ/filler and filler/Crofer 22H interfaces. After exposure to air at 750 °C for 100 h, Cu and Si contents suffer from oxidation and form CuO and SiO2, respectively, in the brazed zone and the YSZ/filler interface of the joints. The Fe-Cr-Si alloying phase at the filler/Crofer 22H interface is preserved without apparent oxidation. The pressure-drop test results show that the brazed joints’ gas tightness does not deteriorate significantly after thermal aging, which is attributed to the good interfacial integrity of thermal-aged joints. Full article
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11 pages, 8404 KiB  
Article
Anodic Performance of Ni–BCZY and Ni–BCZY–GDC Films on BCZY Electrolytes
by Yoshiteru Itagaki, Yota Kumamoto, Susumu Okayama and Hiromichi Aono
Ceramics 2023, 6(3), 1850-1860; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6030113 - 5 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1578
Abstract
Cermet films consisting of Ni, BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3−δ (BCZY), and Gd0.1Ce0.9Ox (GDC), specifically, 60 wt%Ni–BCZY, 60 wt%Ni–BCZY–GDC, and 60 wt%Ni–GDC, were formed on BCZY electrolyte supports as anodes of proton ceramic fuel cells [...] Read more.
Cermet films consisting of Ni, BaCe0.4Zr0.4Y0.2O3−δ (BCZY), and Gd0.1Ce0.9Ox (GDC), specifically, 60 wt%Ni–BCZY, 60 wt%Ni–BCZY–GDC, and 60 wt%Ni–GDC, were formed on BCZY electrolyte supports as anodes of proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs). The Ni grain size in these films after sintering at 1450 °C was around 2 μm. The GDC addition did not affect the Ni grain size in the case of the BCZY matrix. The anodic properties greatly depended on the oxide phase composition and worsened with increasing the GDC content. This probably occurred because of the addition of GDC, which has low proton conductivity and inhibited the proton conduction path of BCZY, reducing three-phase boundaries in the anode bulk. Since BCZY has a lower grain growth rate during sintering than BaCe0.8Y0.2O3−δ, the Ni grain growth was likely suppressed by the surrounding Ni grains containing small BCZY grains. Full article
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12 pages, 2848 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Nb4C3Tx (T = –OH, –F, or =O) and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx (T = –OH, –F, or =O) MXenes
by Ming Fu, Hongyu Chen, Juan Cheng, Longsheng Chu, Qingguo Feng and Chunfeng Hu
Metals 2023, 13(9), 1548; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13091548 - 2 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1143
Abstract
Two–dimensional MXene synthesized from MAX phase ceramic has good electrical conductivity, promising to be used as electrodes. In this study, Nb4C3Tx (T = –OH, –F, or =O) MXene and low–entropy (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05 [...] Read more.
Two–dimensional MXene synthesized from MAX phase ceramic has good electrical conductivity, promising to be used as electrodes. In this study, Nb4C3Tx (T = –OH, –F, or =O) MXene and low–entropy (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx (T = –OH, –F, or =O) MXene were prepared by etching Nb4AlC3 and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4AlC3 ceramics in the HF acid at 60 °C. By investigating the electrochemical properties of lithium batteries, it was found that the Nb4C3Tx and (Nb0.8Ti0.05V0.05Zr0.05Ta0.05)4C3Tx could provide the specific capacities of 163.7 mAh·g−1 and 130 mAh·g−1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A·g−1, respectively, and maintain the coulombic efficiency close to 100%, good for the utilization of electrodes in lithium batteries. Full article
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17 pages, 5135 KiB  
Article
Effect of Mo2C Addition on the Tribological Behavior of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets
by Hao Qiu, Xiaoqiang Li, Cunliang Pan and Jiafeng Fan
Materials 2023, 16(16), 5645; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165645 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1052
Abstract
Due to the excellent properties of Ti (C,N)-based ceramics, such as high hardness, excellent wear resistance, exceptional thermal deformation resistance, and sound chemical stability, they have been widely used in cutting tools or molds. Thus, revealing their tribological behavior against hard materials is [...] Read more.
Due to the excellent properties of Ti (C,N)-based ceramics, such as high hardness, excellent wear resistance, exceptional thermal deformation resistance, and sound chemical stability, they have been widely used in cutting tools or molds. Thus, revealing their tribological behavior against hard materials is of great significance. Some studies have reported the tribological behavior of Ti(C,N)-based cermets and hard cermets, but so far, the effects of Mo2C additions on the frictional properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets are still unclear. In this study, Ti(C,N)-10WC-1Cr3C2-5Co-10Ni-x Mo2C cermets (x = 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 wt.%) were sintered using a vacuum hot-pressing furnace. Furthermore, the core–rim morphologies of the sintered samples were observed in SEM images. Then, the wear resistance of the cermets was studied against a Si3N4 ball at a 50 N load using the fretting wear test. Finally, the wear mechanism was characterized using a combination of SEM, EDS and XPS. The experimental results indicated that the wear mechanisms of the cermets were mainly abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and the formation of an oxide film. As the content of Mo2C increased from 4 wt.% to 12 wt.%, the friction coefficient and wear volume had a variation law of first decreasing and then decreasing, and reached minimum values at 6 wt.% and 12 wt.%, and the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate were 0.49 and 0.9 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, respectively. The 6 wt.% Mo2C greatly improved the hardness and fracture toughness of the cermet, while the 12 wt.% Mo2C promoted the formation of an oxide film and protected the friction surface. The cermet with 6 wt.% Mo2C is recommended because it has comprehensive advantages in terms of its mechanical properties, tribological properties, and cost. Full article
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12 pages, 3468 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Study of Ca/Tb Co-Doped HfO2 Infrared Coatings with Different Atomic Ratios
by Jun Zou, Xudong Cheng, Chengwei Hu, Xu Tong, Xian Zeng and Yaping Chen
Coatings 2023, 13(8), 1386; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081386 - 7 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1150
Abstract
In this study, HfO2 coatings co-doped with different Ca/Tb atomic ratios were prepared via the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) method. The microstructure, infrared radiation properties, and high-temperature stability of the coatings were investigated. All of the doped coatings possessed a porous surface [...] Read more.
In this study, HfO2 coatings co-doped with different Ca/Tb atomic ratios were prepared via the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) method. The microstructure, infrared radiation properties, and high-temperature stability of the coatings were investigated. All of the doped coatings possessed a porous surface and were composed of two phases, namely the monoclinic HfO2 phase and the cubic HfO2 phase. In addition, the content of the cubic phases increased when raising the doping atomic ratio of Ca/Tb, suggesting that Ca could stabilize the cubic HfO2 phase more effectively. The results also show that the coating with a Ca/Tb atomic ratio of 1/0 (CT1 coating) had more excellent infrared radiative properties, whose total emissivity was 0.844 in the 0.75~6.5 μm band and 0.900 in the 6.5~15 μm band, respectively. The improvement in emissivity in the 0.75~6.5 μm band was mainly due to the impurity energy levels introduced via oxygen vacancy, which promoted the absorption of free carriers. And, in 6.5~15 μm, because the approximate masses of the Ca-O and Tb-O bonds were smaller than that of the Hf-O bonds, the infrared absorption of the lattice vibration shifted, favoring absorption below 10 μm. Moreover, Ca had a more significant strengthening effect than Tb in the whole band. In terms of high-temperature infrared radiation performance, the total emissivity of the CT1 coating at 2.5~25 μm increased as the temperature increased from 500 °C to 1100 °C, which might be attributed to the thermal-enhanced lattice vibration absorption. However, the emissivity of the CT1 coating at 3~5 μm was kept around 0.9 from 1100 °C to 2000 °C, owing to the fact that infrared absorption was more determined by the intrinsic width of the energy levels because of the weakening of the doping effect at high temperatures. In terms of thermal stability, the surface morphology and chemical composition of the CT1 coating were barely changed within 4 h of heat treatment at 2000 °C. The total infrared emissivity of the CT1 coating after 4 h of heat treatment was 0.826 in the 0.75~6.5 μm band and 0.895 in the 6.5~15 μm band, slightly lower than that before heat treatment, suggesting good thermal stability and good application prospects as a high-temperature infrared material. Full article
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