Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Topic aims to disseminate recent advancements in aeroacoustics research, encompassing both innovative concepts and novel applications. The content intends to cover theoretical, computational, and experimental aeroacoustics, addressing classical issues in linear and nonlinear acoustics. Aeroacoustics are essential for both dynamic and static objects subjected to wind flow around or through them, and achieving high aeroacoustics efficiency with minimal wind noise is a key requirement for the design and manufacture of road vehicles, high-speed trains, aircraft, wind turbines, buildings, and structures. Furthermore, the aeroacoustics issues in ducts, pipelines, engines, and vehicle interiors are increasingly becoming important design criteria for maintaining market competitiveness. The topic will showcase technological progress in aeroacoustics by providing a publication platform for the interchange of innovative ideas, advanced techniques and technologies, and groundbreaking solutions to problems in the field of aeroacoustics in wind engineering. The scopes of the topic on aeroacoustics in wind engineering include, among others, the research and development of noise source identification and reduction, acoustic prediction and simulation, aeroacoustics optimization, and psychoacoustics. The rationale for the topic includes dissemination of the latest research and technological advancements in (a) noise reduction for safety, comfort, environment, health, and well-being; (b) performance enhancement; and (c) innovation and development in bio-inspired design, advanced materials, technologies, and other interrelated areas.

Research areas may encompass, but are not restricted to, the following:

1. Flow-Induced Noise: Boundary Layer Ingestion and Ducted Fan Noise
2. Flow-Induced Noise: Turbulence-Ingestion Noise
3. Wind Turbine Noise Mechanisms and Mitigation as well as Nonoperational Loads and Noise
4. Experimental Aeroacoustics and diagnostics (Wind Tunnel Testing, In Situ and Field Testing, and Innovative Techniques)
5. Computational Aeroacoustics and High-Fidelity Modeling
6. Sustainable Design and Noise Reduction (Low-Noise Aerofoil Design and Flow Control Techniques)
7. Wind Farm Aeroacoustics
8. Psychoacoustics and Noise Annoyance
9. AI and Machine Learning Applications (Noise Prediction and Optimization)

Articles addressing these or similar topics are welcome. To ensure rapid publication, all submissions will be subjected to a quick but thorough peer review. The editors look forward to receiving your insightful contributions.

Prof. Dr. Firoz Alam
Prof. Dr. Yingai Jin
Prof. Dr. Xingjun Hu
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Aerospace aerospace	2.5	4.8	2014	18.5 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Applied Sciences applsci	2.9	6.1	2011	15 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Energies energies	3.9	8.3	2008	16.7 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Machines machines	3.0	6.1	2013	15.9 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Wind wind	2.7	4.5	2021	23.7 Days	CHF 1200	Submit

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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18 pages, 3112 KB  

Open AccessArticle

Statistical Characteristics of Low-Level Vertical Directional Shear and Its Potential Implications for Aircraft Landing at Baghdad International Airport

by Thoalfaqar Al-Rbayee, Monim H. Al-Jiboori and Osama T. Al-Taai

Wind 2026, 6(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind6030037 - 31 Jul 2026

Viewed by 288

Abstract

Understanding wind direction (WD) variability and vertical directional shear is critical for aviation safety, particularly during landing when aircraft are highly sensitive to abrupt wind changes. This study analyzes the temporal behavior of WD and low-level directional shear over Baghdad International Airport during [...] Read more.

Understanding wind direction (WD) variability and vertical directional shear is critical for aviation safety, particularly during landing when aircraft are highly sensitive to abrupt wind changes. This study analyzes the temporal behavior of WD and low-level directional shear over Baghdad International Airport during representative months of 2024 (January, April, July, and October) using hourly ERA5 u and v wind components at 10 and 540 m. Circular statistical measures quantify WD variability, while directional shear roses and absolute directional shear change rates characterize vertical wind alignment and shear intensity relevant to aviation operations. The results reveal pronounced seasonal contrasts. Summer (July) shows the most stable wind regime with strong directional persistence and weak shear (<~0.1–0.15 °/m), winter (January) is generally stable but punctuated by synoptic shear peaks up to ~0.85 °/m, spring (April) exhibits moderate and more variable shear (~0.1–0.45 °/m), and autumn (October) is the most dynamically unstable, with reduced persistence and frequent shear maxima approaching ~0.9–0.95 °/m. Circular standard deviation (σ_dir), is highest in winter–spring (mea n≈ 38° in January and ≈34° in April), weakest in summer (≈16–17° in July), and increases again in autumn (≈28–33° in October), reflecting seasonal changes in atmospheric forcing. σ_dir exhibits a clear seasonal cycle, with highest values during winter and spring and the most stable conditions in summer. These results show that integrating ERA5-based circular wind statistics with directional shear diagnostics effectively identifies aviation-critical wind regimes, while future multi-year and aircraft-based analyses can further refine operational low-level wind shear risk thresholds. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering)

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24 pages, 7479 KB  

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Exploring the Use of Passive Compliant Coatings to Address Wind Turbine Noise

by Rohith Giridhar, Ray Taghavi and Saeed Farokhi

Wind 2026, 6(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind6020021 - 6 May 2026

Viewed by 1676

Abstract

Wind is a significant contributor to global energy requirement, with technological advancements in this industry enabling its rapid growth over the last few decades. The rise in demand for clean energy provides the driving factor to make wind more efficient and widespread. One [...] Read more.

Wind is a significant contributor to global energy requirement, with technological advancements in this industry enabling its rapid growth over the last few decades. The rise in demand for clean energy provides the driving factor to make wind more efficient and widespread. One such solution involves mitigating the aerodynamic noise of wind turbine rotors to harness untapped energy and improve turbine efficiency. Quieter wind turbines gain community acceptance, promoting their widespread application. This article explores passive compliant coatings applied to a flat plate under fully turbulent conditions through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and wind tunnel testing. It extends prior flat plate investigations by evaluating the noise mitigation potential of passive compliant coatings in the context of wind turbine trailing edge (TE) noise. Two coatings with distinct material properties were investigated through Computational Aeroacoustics Analysis (CAA) and Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI). While coating-1 (Dow Corning Silastic S-2) increased the overall sound pressure level (OASPL) by 2.89 dB, coating-2 (Dow Corning Sylgard 184) reduced TE noise by 2–4 dB/Hz between 600 and 1575 Hz and lowered the OASPL by 1.85 dB. Within the two configurations investigated, the differences in noise mitigation characteristics may be attributed to variations in coating stiffness and geometric compliance. Based on these simulations, wind tunnel tests were conducted to record noise measurements using coating-2 which revealed a 3.23 dB OASPL reduction, suggesting its suitability for wind turbine noise mitigation applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering)

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22 pages, 6919 KB  

Open AccessArticle

Design Optimization of a Low Reynolds Number Airfoil SG6043 for Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

by Arif Ali Rind, Muhammad Ramzan Luhur, Abdul Latif Manganhar, Sher Muhammad Ghoto and Sajjad Bhangwar

Wind 2026, 6(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/wind6020020 - 6 May 2026

Viewed by 2073

Abstract

This study focuses on the aerodynamic performance optimization of the SG6043 airfoil for application in small horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) operating under low-Reynolds-number conditions. Recognizing the critical role of lift-to-drag ratio (Cl/Cd) in maximizing turbine power output, the research investigates the performance [...] Read more.

This study focuses on the aerodynamic performance optimization of the SG6043 airfoil for application in small horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) operating under low-Reynolds-number conditions. Recognizing the critical role of lift-to-drag ratio (Cl/Cd) in maximizing turbine power output, the research investigates the performance of SG6043 through design modifications and computational analysis. Initially, the baseline airfoil’s aerodynamic characteristics were verified using simulation tools like QBlade v0.96.3 software, confirming its previously reported performance. Subsequently, the airfoil was systematically modified by varying key parameters including thickness-to-camber ratio and angle of attack (AOA), operating at different Reynolds numbers. Among the modified versions, SG6043M5-7, SG6043M5-8, and SG6043M5-9 showed significant aerodynamic performance improvement, with SG6042M5-9 achieving the highest Cl/Cd ratio of 193.44 at Re = 6 × 10⁵ and AOA = 3.5°. The results demonstrated that a reduced thickness (5%) combined with moderate to high camber (7–9%) enhances the aerodynamic performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering)

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17 pages, 4327 KB  

Open AccessArticle

An Efficient High-Frequency Design Methodology for APU Inlet Mufflers Based on Axial Segmentation and Optimal Frequency Selection

by Dongwen Xue, Qun Yan, Yong Zheng, Jiafeng Yang and Yonghui Chen

Aerospace 2026, 13(5), 420; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13050420 - 30 Apr 2026

Viewed by 774

Abstract

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) sets strict limits for aircraft ramp noise, a key source of which is Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) inlet noise. This paper presents a systematic and computationally efficient design methodology for APU inlet mufflers. The high-frequency noise necessitates [...] Read more.

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) sets strict limits for aircraft ramp noise, a key source of which is Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) inlet noise. This paper presents a systematic and computationally efficient design methodology for APU inlet mufflers. The high-frequency noise necessitates validating a single-degree-of-freedom liner impedance model up to 10,000 Hz. The core innovation overcomes prohibitive full-passage simulation costs (days) by optimally selecting attenuation center frequencies from the source spectrum and implementing an axially segmented design. This approach enables efficient, targeted optimization (minutes per case) and leverages acoustic mode scattering at segment interfaces to enhance overall attenuation. The design is verified via high-fidelity, full-flow-path simulation. Experimental validation under various operating conditions shows good agreement with predictions, achieving approximately 9 dB reduction in overall A-weighted Sound Power Level (OASPL) with consistent performance. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed rapid, precise, and efficient design framework. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering)

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25 pages, 5371 KB  

Open AccessArticle

Reduction in Aeolian Tone for a Laminar Flow Past a D-Shaped Cylinder Using Arc-Shaped Splitter Plates

by Bo Luo, Xiangyi Chen, Wuli Chu, Kyle Jiang, Qiao Chen and Guoliang Qin

Aerospace 2026, 13(4), 321; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13040321 - 30 Mar 2026

Viewed by 667

Abstract

This investigation is to address the aerodynamic noise generated from laminar flow over a D-shaped cylinder at a low Reynolds number (Re). Proposed is a novel assembly of arc-shaped splitter plates to effectively reduce the aeolian tone for the D-shaped cylinder. The two-dimensional [...] Read more.

This investigation is to address the aerodynamic noise generated from laminar flow over a D-shaped cylinder at a low Reynolds number (Re). Proposed is a novel assembly of arc-shaped splitter plates to effectively reduce the aeolian tone for the D-shaped cylinder. The two-dimensional flow field is simulated at an Re of 160 to investigate the mechanism of reducing the sound of the arc-shaped plates. The radiated sound has been predicted by Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy. To verify calculations, the predicted results of a circular cylinder have been compared with the data in the literature. The results reveal that the introduction of the arc plates decreases the lift and drag fluctuations as well as the vortex shedding frequency in comparison with the no-arc plate case. The pressure and velocity fluctuations in the wake zone are reduced by the arc plates due to vortex shedding suppression. The application of the arc plates shows an effective control of sound, leading to a maximum reduction in sound pressure level (SPL) by almost 34 dB. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Aeroacoustics Research in Wind Engineering)

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