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Keywords = passive energy dissipation device

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34 pages, 2325 KiB  
Review
Enhancing Structural Resilience for Sustainable Infrastructure: A Global Review of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation Practices
by Musab A. Q. Al-Janabi, Duaa Al-Jeznawi, T. Y. Yang, Luís Filipe Almeida Bernardo and Jorge Miguel de Almeida Andrade
Sustainability 2025, 17(16), 7314; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167314 - 13 Aug 2025
Viewed by 500
Abstract
Seismic isolation and energy dissipation systems are essential technologies for enhancing the resilience and sustainability of buildings and infrastructure exposed to earthquake-induced ground motions. By reducing structural damage, protecting non-structural components, and ensuring post-earthquake functionality, these systems contribute to minimizing economic loss, preserving [...] Read more.
Seismic isolation and energy dissipation systems are essential technologies for enhancing the resilience and sustainability of buildings and infrastructure exposed to earthquake-induced ground motions. By reducing structural damage, protecting non-structural components, and ensuring post-earthquake functionality, these systems contribute to minimizing economic loss, preserving human life, and supporting long-term community resilience. This review focuses exclusively on passive control systems, such as base isolators and damping devices, commonly codified and implemented in current engineering practice. A comprehensive analysis of international design codes and performance-based practices is presented, highlighting the role of these systems in promoting sustainable infrastructure through risk mitigation and extended service life. The study identifies critical gaps in global standards and testing protocols, advocating for harmonized and forward-looking approaches. The findings aim to inform seismic design strategies that align with the principles of environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Earthquake Engineering and Sustainable Structures)
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29 pages, 2078 KiB  
Review
Advances in Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries: Causes of Thermal Runaway and Mitigation Strategies
by Tiansi Wang, Haoran Liu, Wanlin Wang, Weiran Jiang, Yixiang Xu, Simeng Zhu and Qingliang Sheng
Processes 2025, 13(8), 2499; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082499 - 7 Aug 2025
Viewed by 458
Abstract
With the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and portable electronic devices, concerns regarding their thermal runaway have escalated, raising significant safety issues. Despite advances in existing thermal management technologies, challenges remain in addressing the complexity and variability [...] Read more.
With the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and portable electronic devices, concerns regarding their thermal runaway have escalated, raising significant safety issues. Despite advances in existing thermal management technologies, challenges remain in addressing the complexity and variability of battery thermal runaway. These challenges include the limited heat dissipation capability of passive thermal management, the high energy consumption of active thermal management, and the ongoing optimization of material improvement methods. This paper systematically examines the mechanisms through which three main triggers—mechanical abuse, thermal abuse, and electrical abuse—affect the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries. It also reviews the advantages and limitations of passive and active thermal management techniques, battery management systems, and material improvement strategies for enhancing the thermal stability of batteries. Additionally, a comparison of the principles, characteristics, and innovative examples of various thermal management technologies is provided in tabular form. The study aims to offer a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for optimizing lithium-ion battery thermal management technologies, thereby promoting their development for high-safety and high-reliability applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Energy Systems)
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24 pages, 11408 KiB  
Review
Emerging Copper-to-Copper Bonding Techniques: Enabling High-Density Interconnects for Heterogeneous Integration
by Wenhan Bao, Jieqiong Zhang, Hei Wong, Jun Liu and Weidong Li
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(10), 729; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100729 - 12 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
As CMOS technology continues to downsize to the nanometer range, the exponential growth predicted by Moore’s Law has been significantly decelerated. Doubling chip density in the two-dimensional domain will no longer be feasible without further device downsizing. Meanwhile, emerging new device technologies, which [...] Read more.
As CMOS technology continues to downsize to the nanometer range, the exponential growth predicted by Moore’s Law has been significantly decelerated. Doubling chip density in the two-dimensional domain will no longer be feasible without further device downsizing. Meanwhile, emerging new device technologies, which may be incompatible with the mainstream CMOS technology, offer potential performance enhancements for system integration and could be options for a More-than-Moore system. Additionally, the explosive growth of artificial intelligence (AI) demands ever-high computing power and energy-efficient computing platforms. Heterogeneous multi-chip integration, which combines diverse components or a larger number of functional blocks with different process technologies and materials into compact 3D systems, has emerged as a critical pathway to overcome the performance limitations of monolithic integrated circuits (ICs), such as limited process/material options, low yield, and multifunctional design complexity. Furthermore, it sustains Moore’s Law progression for a further smaller footprint and higher integration density, and it has become pivotal for “More-than-Moore” strategies in the next CMOS technology revolution. This approach is also crucial for sustaining computational advancements with low-power dissipation and low-latency interconnects in the coming decades. The key techniques for heterogeneous wafer-to-wafer bonding involve both copper-to-copper (Cu-Cu) and dielectric-to-dielectric bonding. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of recent advancements in Cu-Cu bonding techniques. Major issues, such as plasma treatment to activate bonding surfaces, passivation to suppress oxidation, Cu geometry, and microstructure optimization to enhance interface diffusion and regrowth, and the use of polymers as dielectrics to mitigate contamination and wafer warpage, as well as pitch size scaling, are discussed in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Integration Technology for More Moore)
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15 pages, 16764 KiB  
Article
Computational Analysis of Tandem Micro-Vortex Generators for Supersonic Boundary Layer Flow Control
by Caixia Chen, Yong Yang and Yonghua Yan
Computation 2025, 13(4), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/computation13040101 - 19 Apr 2025
Viewed by 449
Abstract
Micro-vortex generators (MVGs) are widely utilized as passive devices to control flow separation in supersonic boundary layers by generating ring-like vortices that mitigate shock-induced effects. This study employs large eddy simulation (LES) to investigate the flow structures in a supersonic boundary layer (Mach [...] Read more.
Micro-vortex generators (MVGs) are widely utilized as passive devices to control flow separation in supersonic boundary layers by generating ring-like vortices that mitigate shock-induced effects. This study employs large eddy simulation (LES) to investigate the flow structures in a supersonic boundary layer (Mach 2.5, Re = 5760) controlled by two MVGs installed in tandem, with spacings varying from 11.75 h to 18.75 h (h = MVG height), alongside a single-MVG reference case. A fifth-order WENO scheme and third-order TVD Runge–Kutta method were used to solve the unfiltered Navier–Stokes equations, with the Liutex method applied to visualize vortex structures. Results reveal that tandem MVGs produce complex vortex interactions, with spanwise and streamwise vortices merging extensively, leading to a significant reduction in vortex intensity due to mutual cancellation. A momentum deficit forms behind the second MVG, weakening that from the first, while the boundary layer energy thickness doubles compared to the single-MVG case, indicating increased energy loss. Streamwise vorticity distributions and instantaneous streamlines highlight intensified interactions with closer spacings, yet this complexity diminishes overall flow control effectiveness. Contrary to expectations, the tandem configuration does not enhance boundary layer control but instead weakens it, as evidenced by reduced vortex strength and amplified energy dissipation. These findings underscore a critical trade-off in tandem MVG deployment, suggesting that while vortex interactions enrich flow complexity, they may compromise the intended control benefits in supersonic flows, with implications for optimizing MVG arrangements in practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Computational Engineering)
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15 pages, 2839 KiB  
Article
Computational Modeling of U-Shaped Seismic Dampers for Structural Damage Mitigation
by Víctor Tuninetti, Álvaro Gómez, Flavia Bustos, Angelo Oñate, Jorge Hinojosa, Calogero Gallo, Anne-Marie Habraken and Laurent Duchêne
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10238; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210238 - 7 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1752
Abstract
U-shaped seismic dampers, passive metallic devices that dissipate energy by cyclic plastic deformation, are designed to mitigate the effects of seismic loads on structures. This study focuses on the development of an advanced computational model of a U-shaped damper, chosen for its unique [...] Read more.
U-shaped seismic dampers, passive metallic devices that dissipate energy by cyclic plastic deformation, are designed to mitigate the effects of seismic loads on structures. This study focuses on the development of an advanced computational model of a U-shaped damper, chosen for its unique design of variable thickness and width, which contributes to its superior performance. The simulation uses nonlinear finite element analysis and a bilinear hardening model calibrated to the actual stress–strain curve of the low-carbon steel. To ensure accuracy, a rigorous mesh convergence analysis is performed to quantify numerical prediction errors and establish a model suitable for predicting local deformation phenomena, including strain and stress fields, throughout the displacement-based loading protocol. Mesh sensitivity analysis, performed by examining the equivalent stress and cumulative plastic strain, derives the damper hysteresis curve and confirms the convergence criteria of the mesh within the experimentally observed plastic response range of the material. The resulting computational model is a novel contribution that provides reliable predictions of local inhomogeneous deformation and energy dissipation, essential for optimizing damper design and performance through more sophisticated damage-fatigue models that guarantee the lifetime of a damper. Full article
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25 pages, 10596 KiB  
Article
Effect of Bidirectional Hysteretic Dampers on the Seismic Performance of Skewed Multi-Span Highway Bridges
by Sofía Aldea, Ramiro Bazáez, Pablo Heresi and Rodrigo Astroza
Buildings 2024, 14(6), 1778; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061778 - 13 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1940
Abstract
Bridges are one of the most critical and costly structures on road networks. Thus, their integrity and operation must be preserved to prevent safety concerns and connectivity losses after seismic events. Recent large-magnitude earthquakes have revealed a series of vulnerabilities in multi-span highway [...] Read more.
Bridges are one of the most critical and costly structures on road networks. Thus, their integrity and operation must be preserved to prevent safety concerns and connectivity losses after seismic events. Recent large-magnitude earthquakes have revealed a series of vulnerabilities in multi-span highway bridges. In particular, skewed bridges have been severely damaged due to their susceptibility to developing excessive in-plane deck rotations and span unseating. Although seismic design codes have been updated to prescribe larger seating lengths and have incorporated unseating prevention devices, such as shear keys and cable restrainers, research on the seismic performance of skewed bridges with passive energy-dissipation devices is still limited. Therefore, this study focuses on assessing the effectiveness of implementing hysteretic dampers on skewed bridges. With that aim, dampers with and without recentering capabilities are designed and incorporated in representative Chilean skewed bridges to assess their contribution to seismic performance. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element models, multiple-stripe analysis, and fragility curves are utilized to achieve this objective. The results show that incorporating bidirectional dampers can effectively improve the seismic performance of skewed bridges at different hazard levels by limiting in-plane deck rotations independently of their skew angle. Additionally, the influence of external shear keys and damper hysteretic behavior is analyzed, showing that these parameters have a low influence on bridge performance when bidirectional dampers are incorporated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Study on Seismic Performance of Building Structures)
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23 pages, 9936 KiB  
Article
Experimental Testing on Tuned Liquid Dampers for Implementation in Industrial Chimneys
by Giancarlo Marulli and Carlos Moutinho
Sensors 2024, 24(9), 2800; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092800 - 27 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1524
Abstract
A TLD is a passive damping device that works by dissipating energy through the sloshing of the liquid and the effect of wave breaking, thereby controlling the vibrations of the structure. One of the applications where TLDs are of great interest is in [...] Read more.
A TLD is a passive damping device that works by dissipating energy through the sloshing of the liquid and the effect of wave breaking, thereby controlling the vibrations of the structure. One of the applications where TLDs are of great interest is in the case of industrial chimneys since these structures often have a very low natural frequency, which can be easily achieved in a control device of this type. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the behaviour of an annular TLD composed of multiple cells through laboratory tests and investigate if it is adequate to design it as an agglomeration of smaller rectangular TLDs. The influence of the amplitude of displacement on the behaviour of the annular TLD will also be analysed. The tests were performed on a shaking table and recurring with pendulums of the same length but of different masses. Three reservoirs were studied as TLDs: a rectangular one, a cell of an annular TLD and a quarter-ring of an annular TLD. This study concluded that the analytical methods developed in previous studies were, in general, adequate for the design of a rectangular TLD and that it was reasonable to design the annular TLD studied as a combination of rectangular ones, as its cells were a close match to a rectangle of similar dimensions. It was also concluded that a compartmentalised annular TLD is an adequate solution for the vibration control of structures with high displacements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring)
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15 pages, 4609 KiB  
Article
Optimum Arrangement of TADAS Dampers for Seismic Drift Control of Buildings Using Accelerated Iterative Methods
by Zongjing Li, Junle Wang, Chen Li and Jing Cao
Buildings 2023, 13(11), 2720; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112720 - 28 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2116
Abstract
Triangular added-damping-and-stiffness (TADAS) dampers are reliable passive control devices for earthquake-excited buildings. The arrangement of TADAS dampers in buildings is essentially the allocation of triangular energy dissipation plates (TEDPs) among different stories, which directly influence the passive control effect and the construction cost. [...] Read more.
Triangular added-damping-and-stiffness (TADAS) dampers are reliable passive control devices for earthquake-excited buildings. The arrangement of TADAS dampers in buildings is essentially the allocation of triangular energy dissipation plates (TEDPs) among different stories, which directly influence the passive control effect and the construction cost. This paper proposes four iterated methods to achieve the optimum arrangement of TADAS dampers for seismic drift control of buildings, including the regular iterative method (RIM), the accelerated iterative method (AIM), and two modified accelerated iterative methods (MAIM-I and MAIM-II). Typical high-rise and low-rise buildings are used as application examples to evaluate their performance. Results of the study indicate that the two modified accelerated iterative methods are the most cost-efficient methods for achieving the optimum arrangement of TADAS dampers. This may be attributed to their two-stage implementation mechanism, which combines the set-by-set strategy and the one-by-one strategy in a reasonable way. Additionally, the modified accelerated iterative methods can be especially advantageous for high-rise buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Study on Seismic Performance of Building Structures)
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16 pages, 973 KiB  
Article
On the Analogy of Processes in Thermodynamic and Microeconomic Systems
by Anatoly M. Tsirlin and Alexander I. Balunov
Processes 2023, 11(10), 2974; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11102974 - 13 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1122
Abstract
This work states the typical problems in thermodynamic optimization. The authors present an overview of the results of studies focused on the ultimate capabilities of macrosystems in thermodynamics and microeconomics, taking into account the irreversibility of the processes occurring in them. The research [...] Read more.
This work states the typical problems in thermodynamic optimization. The authors present an overview of the results of studies focused on the ultimate capabilities of macrosystems in thermodynamics and microeconomics, taking into account the irreversibility of the processes occurring in them. The research methodology is based on adding an entropy balance to energy and matter balances. This allows for the refining of reversible indicators, such as the reversible efficiency coefficient, by accounting for kinetic factors, such as transfer coefficients, which indirectly reflect the size of devices, kinetic equation forms, and others. For processes that use heat energy, the set of feasible solutions within the ‘target flow intensity–energy expenses’ plane is convex upwards and limited. This paper also provides conditions for the minimum dissipation of processes at a given intensity. These conditions define the boundary of the feasibility set. Finally, this paper compares and lists the similarities between thermodynamic and microeconomic systems and demonstrates the ultimate capabilities of an intermediary in microeconomic systems and the optimal parameters of a working medium in thermodynamic systems. These are divided into active and passive subsystems. The latter, in turn, can have finite and infinite capacity (reservoirs). Full article
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30 pages, 12369 KiB  
Review
Current Trends in Fluid Viscous Dampers with Semi-Active and Adaptive Behavior
by Luca Zoccolini, Eleonora Bruschi, Sara Cattaneo and Virginio Quaglini
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10358; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810358 - 15 Sep 2023
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 6203
Abstract
Fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) have shown their efficiency as energy-dissipating systems, reducing the effects induced on structures by dynamic loading conditions like earthquakes and winds. In this paper, the evolution of this technology is reviewed, with a focus on the current trends in [...] Read more.
Fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) have shown their efficiency as energy-dissipating systems, reducing the effects induced on structures by dynamic loading conditions like earthquakes and winds. In this paper, the evolution of this technology is reviewed, with a focus on the current trends in development from passive to semi-active and adaptive systems and an emphasis on their advances in adaptability and control efficacy. The paper examines the implementation of semi-active FVDs such as electrorheological, magnetorheological, variable stiffness, and variable damping dampers. These devices have a high potential to mitigate the vibrations caused by earthquakes of different intensities. In addition, adaptive FVDs are presented. As semi-active devices, the adaptive ones can adjust their behavior according to the dynamic excitations’ intensity; however, they are able to do that autonomously without the use of any external equipment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
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22 pages, 7760 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Seismic Performance of Single-Plate Metallic Slit Dampers Using Experimental and Numerical Data
by John Mark Go Payawal and Dong-Keon Kim
Buildings 2023, 13(9), 2188; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092188 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2190
Abstract
Passive energy dissipation systems and devices are helpful in mitigating the danger of earthquake damage to structures. Metallic slit dampers (MSDs) are one of the most efficient and cost-effective solutions for decreasing seismic energy intake. The potential importance of MSDs in managing vibrations [...] Read more.
Passive energy dissipation systems and devices are helpful in mitigating the danger of earthquake damage to structures. Metallic slit dampers (MSDs) are one of the most efficient and cost-effective solutions for decreasing seismic energy intake. The potential importance of MSDs in managing vibrations and limiting structural fatigue continues to grow as research advances and new materials and designs are introduced. This study evaluated the seismic performance of single-plate MSDs (SPMSDs) through a combination of numerical simulation and assessment of experimental results. ABAQUS software was used to create an assembly consisting of endplates, bolts, and SPMSDs. A real-world earthquake scenario was simulated using cyclic loads based on ASCE/SEI standards, and displacement-measuring devices such as strain gauges and LVDT were employed to record the behavior of the SPMSDs. The results of the experiment are used to assess the compliance of the SPMSDs and discuss their behavior as they undergo minimum and maximum displacements due to minimum and maximum applied forces. The energy dissipation capabilities of the dampers are presented by analyzing and comparing the area of their hysteresis loops, equivalent viscous damping, and their damping ratios. Actual failure modes are identified and shown to describe the limitations and potential vulnerability of the dampers. The relative error between the lowest and greatest recorded forces from experimental data and numerical simulation ranges from 4.4% to 5.7% for SPMSD 1 and from 1.6% to 2.1% for SPMSD 2, respectively. These deviation values represent a satisfactory level of precision, demonstrating that the numerical simulation accurately predicts the actual performance and behavior of the dampers when subjected to cyclic stress. The topology optimization performed in this study yielded an improved geometry of the SPMSD suited for a corresponding maximum considered earthquake (MCER) displacement of ±33 mm. This research also suggests practical implementations of the investigated and improved SPMSDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances on Structural Engineering, 2nd Volume)
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18 pages, 3109 KiB  
Article
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Viscoelastic Damper by Applying Fractional Derivative Method and Internal Variable Theory
by Yeshou Xu, Qi He, Ying-Qing Guo, Xing-Huai Huang, Yao-Rong Dong, Zhong-Wei Hu and Jinkoo Kim
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010239 - 14 Jan 2023
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3804
Abstract
Viscoelastic dampers are conventional passive vibration control devices with excellent energy dissipation performance. The fractional derivative has a simple form and high accuracy in the modelling of viscoelastic materials/dampers. The internal variables reflect the internal state evolution of materials, and are often used [...] Read more.
Viscoelastic dampers are conventional passive vibration control devices with excellent energy dissipation performance. The fractional derivative has a simple form and high accuracy in the modelling of viscoelastic materials/dampers. The internal variables reflect the internal state evolution of materials, and are often used to analyze the deformation and thermal process of materials. In the present work, the mechanical properties of a plate-shear-type viscoelastic damper at room temperature are tested under sinusoidal displacement excitations. The impacts of frequency and displacement amplitude on the dynamic properties of the viscoelastic damper in a wide frequency domain (0.1–25 Hz) are investigated. The higher-order fractional derivative model and the temperature–frequency equivalent principle are employed to characterize the frequency and temperature influence, and the internal variable theory considering the internal/microscale structure evolutions is introduced to capture the displacement affection. The higher-order fractional derivative model modified with the internal variable theory and temperature–frequency equivalent principle (ITHF) is accurate enough in describing the dynamic behaviors of viscoelastic dampers with varying frequencies and displacement amplitudes. Full article
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45 pages, 11955 KiB  
Review
A Critical Review on Geometric Improvements for Heat Transfer Augmentation of Microchannels
by Hao Yu, Tongling Li, Xiaoxin Zeng, Tianbiao He and Ning Mao
Energies 2022, 15(24), 9474; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15249474 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5061
Abstract
With the application of microdevices in the building engineering, aerospace industry, electronic devices, nuclear energy, and so on, the dissipation of high heat flux has become an urgent problem to be solved. Microchannel heat sinks have become an effective means of thermal management [...] Read more.
With the application of microdevices in the building engineering, aerospace industry, electronic devices, nuclear energy, and so on, the dissipation of high heat flux has become an urgent problem to be solved. Microchannel heat sinks have become an effective means of thermal management for microdevices and enhancements for equipment due to their higher heat transfer and small scale. However, because of the increasing requirements of microdevices for thermal load and temperature control and energy savings, high efficiency heat exchangers, especially microchannels are receiving more and more attention. To further improve the performance of microchannels, optimizing the channel geometry has become a very important passive technology to effectively enhance the heat transfer of the microchannel heat sink. Therefore, in this paper, the microchannel geometry characteristics of previous studies are reviewed, classified and summarized. The review is mainly focused on microchannel geometry features and structural design to strengthen the effect of heat transfer and pressure drop. In addition, the correlation between boiling heat transfer and geometric characteristics of microchannel flow is also presented, and the future research direction of microchannel geometry design is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Saving Technology in Building)
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33 pages, 26940 KiB  
Article
Wind and Seismic Response Control of Dynamically Similar Adjacent Buildings Connected Using Magneto-Rheological Dampers
by Akshay Satishkumar Baheti and Vasant Annasaheb Matsagar
Infrastructures 2022, 7(12), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7120167 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3314
Abstract
Wind and/or earthquake-imposed loadings on two dynamically similar adjacent buildings cause vigorous shaking that can be mitigated using energy dissipating devices. Here, the vibration response control in such adjacent structures interconnected with semi-active magneto-rheological (MR) dampers is studied, which could also be used [...] Read more.
Wind and/or earthquake-imposed loadings on two dynamically similar adjacent buildings cause vigorous shaking that can be mitigated using energy dissipating devices. Here, the vibration response control in such adjacent structures interconnected with semi-active magneto-rheological (MR) dampers is studied, which could also be used as a retrofitting measure in existing structures apart from employing them in new constructions. The semi-active nature of the MR damper is modeled using the popular Lyapunov control algorithm owing to its least computational efforts among the other considered control algorithms. The semi-active performance of the MR damper is compared with its two passive states, e.g., passive-off and passive-on, in which voltage applied to the damper is kept constant throughout the occurrence of a hazard, to establish its effectiveness even during the probable electric power failure during the wind or seismic hazards. The performance of the MR damper, in terms of structural response reduction, is compared with other popular energy dissipating devices, such as viscous and friction dampers. Four damper arrangements have been considered to arrive at the most effective configuration for interconnecting the two adjoining structures. Structural responses are recorded in terms of storey displacement, storey acceleration, and storey shear forces. Coupling the two adjacent dynamically similar buildings results in over a 50% reduction in the structural vibration against both wind and earthquake hazards, and this is achieved by not necessarily connecting all the floors of the structures with dampers. The comparative analysis indicates that the semi-active MR damper is more effective for response control than the other passive dampers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering)
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23 pages, 7793 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Passive-Control for Multi-Stage Seismic Response of High-Rise Braced Frame Using the Frictional-Yielding Compounded BRBs
by Xiangzi Zhou, Tianshu Sun, Baoyin Sun, Ning Ma and Jinping Ou
Buildings 2022, 12(12), 2123; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122123 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2335
Abstract
Buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is a dual-function device that improves the seismic resistance and energy-dissipation capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. To achieve the expected performance under severe ground motions, BRB is usually designed to remain elastic under mild earthquakes, leading to the increased [...] Read more.
Buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is a dual-function device that improves the seismic resistance and energy-dissipation capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. To achieve the expected performance under severe ground motions, BRB is usually designed to remain elastic under mild earthquakes, leading to the increased seismic forces and insignificant vibration-reduction effect on the structures at this stage. This study extends the concept of adaptive passive-control of structures by proposing a novel frictional-yielding compounded BRB (FBRB). FBRB is fabricated by connecting the BRB steel casing and end plates with the friction dampers (FDs) in such a way that the BRB steel core and FDs undergo compatible deformation. In this way, FD dissipates seismic energy under mild earthquakes, while FD together with the BRB core dissipates energy under severe ground motions, resulting in an efficient self-adaptive vibration-reduction mechanism. The proposed FBRB construction was experimentally validated by carrying out the reversed-cyclic test, and the result indicated reliable connection with stable hysteretic behavior. Subsequently, the FBRB-equipped frame was proposed and studied which adopted FBRB as the energy-dissipative devices. A parametric design method was developed to determine the FBRB parameters with which the maximum elastic drift of the system could be reduced to the code-allowable value. The approach was implemented on a 48-story mega FBRB-equipped steel frame as the case study. The seismic behavior of the FBRB-equipped case structure was compared with that of the BRB-equipped system, and critically evaluated by carrying out the nonlinear time-history analyses. Results revealed that FBRB compensated for the conventional BRB in terms of inadequate energy dissipation under mild earthquakes and, meanwhile, was more efficient than the conventional BRB in reducing the lateral drifts under severe ground motions. The analysis indicated potential application prospect of FBRB in practical engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
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