We investigate the messenger role of calcium ions implicated in the regulation of wave-like bending dynamics of flagella. The emphasis is on microtubules of flagellar axoneme serving as nonlinear transmission lines for bell-shaped spikes of calcium i...
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that is rapidly growing across the world. Our laboratory has recently demonstrated that photobiomodulation (PBM) can couple to its metabolic pathways by modulating calcium dynamics in islet cells, including &...
Cardiovascular complications are major clinical hallmarks of acute and post-acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the mechanistic details of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity of endothelial cells remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that t...
This paper proposes the design and implementation of a micro-electrode array (MEA) for neuroblastoma cell culturing. It also explains the implementation of a multi-photon microscope (MPM) customized for neuroblastoma cell excitation and imaging under...
Background/Objectives: The global SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has escalated into a critical public health emergency, with the spike glycoprotein S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 (spike-S1) linked to inflammation in lung tissue and immune cells. Luteolin, a flavone w...
PIEZO1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel expressed in various organs, including but not limited to the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, bone, and skin. PIEZO1 has been implicated in astrocyte, microglia, capillary, and oligodendrocyte signaling in the m...
Ascorbic acid (AA; a.k.a. vitamin C) is well known for its cellular protection in environments of high oxidative stress. Even though physiological concentrations of AA in the brain are significant (0.2–10 mM), surprisingly little is known conce...
The comprehension of neuronal network functioning, from most basic mechanisms of signal transmission to complex patterns of memory and decision making, is at the basis of the modern research in experimental and computational neurophysiology. While me...
Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of absence seizures is crucial for developing effective, patient-specific treatments for childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). Currently, one-third of patients remain refractive to the anti...
The intracellular and intercellular flux of calcium ions represents an ancient and universal mode of signaling that regulates an extensive array of cellular processes. Evidence for the central role of calcium signaling includes various techniques tha...
Excitable neurons are intrinsically capable of firing action potentials (AP), yet a state of hyperexcitability is prevented in the central nervous system by powerful GABAergic inhibition. For this inhibition to be effective, it must occur before exci...
Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJ) is an Asian traditional herb that is used as a dietary supplement, tea, and beverage to clear heat and quench thirst. However, no studies investigated its effect on activated human neutrophils, which played a crucial rol...
The role of calcium, an essential secondary messenger, in cell division remains an outstanding question in cell biology despite several significant findings over the past few decades. Among them is the landmark discovery of intracellular calcium wave...
Calcium is a ubiquitous signaling molecule that plays a vital role in many physiological processes. Recent work has shown that calcium activity is especially critical in vertebrate neural development. Here, we investigated if calcium activity and neu...
Background/Objectives: Transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation (TMAS) is an emerging multiphysics neuromodulation modality that introduces magneto-acoustically induced currents into ultrasound-based neural stimulation. However, how this coupled phy...
Optimizing nitrogen (N) sources has the potential to improve wheat tillering, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and grain yield, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study hypothesizes that combining specific N sources can increase zeatin...
In human spermatozoa, calcium dynamics control most of fertilization events. Progesterone, present in the female reproductive system, can trigger several types of calcium responses, such as low-frequency oscillations. Here we aimed to identify the me...
Synaptic plasticity, the experience-induced change in connections between neurons, underlies learning and memory in the brain. Most of our understanding of synaptic plasticity derives from in vitro experiments with precisely repeated stimulus pattern...
Healthy brains display a wide range of firing patterns, from synchronized oscillations during slow-wave sleep to desynchronized firing during movement. These physiological activities coexist with periods of pathological hyperactivity in the epileptic...
Background: The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial to viral entry and can cause cardiac injuries. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and NOD-, LPR-, and pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are...
Macrophages are highly plastic and dynamic cells that exert much of their function through phagocytosis. Phagocytosis depends on a coordinated, finely tuned, and compartmentalized regulation of calcium concentrations. We examined the role of mitochon...
Spike-wave discharges are the hallmark of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. They are caused by a disorder in the thalamocortical network. Commercially available anti-epileptic drugs have pronounced side effects (i.e., sedation and gastroenterological...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is initiated by the viral spike proteins, which are key structural components that mediate host cell binding and entry and alter downstream signaling through multiple interactions...
Excitable biological cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, can exhibit complex patterns of oscillations such as spiking and bursting. Moreover, it is well known that an enhancement in calcium currents may yield certain kind of cardiac arrhythmia, so-c...
Plant-based dietary supplements are regulated as food and made from raw materials of variable composition, so their quality control requires reliable analytical processes. A procedure for the determination of calcium and iron by high-resolution conti...
Early screening of pathogenic bacteria is key to preventing and controlling outbreaks of foodborne diseases. In this study, protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers were synthesized for signal amplification and used with a calcium ion selective electrode...
The multi-spiked connecting scaffold (MSC-Scaffold) prototype with spikes mimicking the interdigitations of articular subchondral bone is an essential innovation in surgically initiated fixation of resurfacing arthroplasty (RA) endoprosthesis compone...
The magnitude of eosinophil mobilization into respiratory tissues drives the severity of inflammation in several airway diseases. In classical models of leukocyte extravasation, surface integrins undergo conformational switches to high-affinity state...
Molecular mimicry between viral antigens and host proteins can produce cross-reacting antibodies leading to autoimmunity. The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19, a disease curiously resulting in varied symptoms and outcomes, ranging from asymptom...
We review the contribution of bioimaging in building a coherent understanding of Ca
SARS-CoV-2 currently lacks effective first-line drug treatment. We present promising data from in silico docking studies of new Methisazone compounds (modified with calcium, Ca; iron, Fe; magnesium, Mg; manganese, Mn; or zinc, Zn) designed to bind mo...
This study evaluated the efficacy of enzyme induced calcite precipitation (EICP) in restricting the mobility of heavy metals in soils. EICP is an environmentally friendly method that has wide ranging applications in the sustainable development of civ...
Background: The electrical stimulation (stim) of retinal neurons enables blind patients to experience limited artificial vision. A rapid response outage of the stimulated ganglion cells (GCs) allows for a low visual sensation rate. Hence, to elucidat...
Acidic stress is a formidable environmental factor that exerts adverse effects on plant growth and development, ultimately leading to a potential reduction in agricultural productivity. A low pH triggers Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane (PM), e...
Ischemic brain injury is a widespread pathological condition, the main components of which are a deficiency of oxygen and energy substrates. In recent years, a number of new forms of cell death, including necroptosis, have been described. In necropto...
In the present study, biochars from rice husk were synthesized via pyrolysis at 400, 550, 700 and 850 °C for 1 h under a limited O2 atmosphere, characterized with a various techniques of and used as catalysts to activate persulfate and to degrade sul...
Paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDS) have been described by epileptologists for the first time several decades ago, but controversy still exists to date regarding their role in epilepsy. In addition to the initial view of a lack of such a role, see...
In addition to aluminum and other heavy metal toxicities, acidic soils also feature nutrient deficits that are not easily overcome by merely adding the required amounts of mineral fertilizers. One of the most critically scarce nutrients in acidic soi...
Liming is a common practice used to improve acidic soil properties, as is essential for agricultural quality. A long-term field experiment with one lime rate (6000 kg/ha of carbonate calcium equivalent) and three calcium-based liming amendments (gyps...
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure...
To better understand the source–sink flow and its relationships with zinc (Zn) and other nutrients in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants for biofortification and improving grain nutritional quality, the effects of reducing the photoassimilate source...
Energy consumption in historic building stock is high compared to current energy efficiency standards. The heritage value of the façade and the limited space on the external surface in densely populated urban streets limit the application of e...
Water stress affects the growth, development, and yield of crops. The objective of this study is to evaluate the positive effects of nutrients (calcium, potassium, and boron) on durum wheat facing drought stress. Two treatments of calcium, potassium,...
Background: The Precision ID mitochondrial (mt) DNA Whole Genome system is a fully automated massively parallel sequencing (MPS) solution for the whole mitochondrial genome. While extremely sensitive, the Precision ID system is susceptible to inhibit...
Salinity stress is one of the serious restrictive issues for optimum crop production in arid to semi-arid areas. Application of organic amendments have shown positive effects on crop growth and yield under such scenario. The present study was conduct...
As a class of low-cost and broad-spectrum antibiotics in wide aquaculture use, residues of tetracyclines (TCs) are imperiling aquatic organisms and public health worldwide, leading to a high demand for TC removal from the aquaculture environment. In...
The search for novel compounds with anticonvulsant properties remains a key focus in neuropharmacology. Recently, the diazepine-benzimidazole derivative, DAB-19, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its demonstrated anxiolytic and analgesic ef...
The pro-nociceptive role of glutamate in the CNS in migraine pathophysiology is well established. Glutamate, released from trigeminal afferents, activates second order nociceptive neurons in the brainstem. However, the function of peripheral glutamat...
Membrane ruffles are cell actin-based membrane protrusions that have distinct structural characteristics. Linear ruffles with columnar spike-like and veil-like structures assemble at the leading edge of cell membranes. Circular dorsal ruffles (CDRs)...
(1) Background: The LEO1 (Left open reading frame 1) protein is a conserved subunit of the PAF1C complex (RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 complex). PAF1C has well-established mechanistic functions in elongation of transcription and RNA processi...
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