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A special issue of World Electric Vehicle Journal (ISSN 2032-6653).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2020) | Viewed by 26578

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Prof. Dr. Paulo J. G. Pereirinha

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Guest Editor

Coimbra Polytechnic—ISEC and INESC Coimbra, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: electric vehicles; electrical machines; electromechanical drives (also finite elements and renewable energies)
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate changes and pollution are putting high pressure on finding more sustainable and effective transportation means, with several countries and cities announcing limitations to the circulation and sales of internal combustion engine vehicles in the near future. Electrically propelled vehicles, from pure electric to hybrid electric vehicles, either as private, public, or shared transport, are the most effective way of achieving these objectives. The current electric vehicles have already reached a remarkable level of development in all its components, particularly in the last 10 years. Almost daily, new advances are being announced in the area of energy storage systems and their components, electric machines, motor drives, hybrid electric systems, etc. Nevertheless, there is still much room for them to improve. This Special Issue of the World Electric Vehicle Journal is devoted to the last developments on the propulsion systems of EVs, including their components, for vehicles powered only by batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, or a combination of these, with electric machines or hybrids. More academic or more industrial technical development papers are sought. Extended versions of conference papers (with at least 50 % different contents and undergoing a new peer review process), focusing on the more technical aspects (methodologies, formulations, more results, etc.), are eligible and welcomed to this Special Issue.

Dr. Paulo J. G. Pereirinha
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. World Electric Vehicle Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Electric vehicle
Electrically propelled vehicles
Hybrid electric vehicles
Battery-powered vehicles
Fuel cell vehicles
Electric buses
Propulsion systems
Traction motor
Electric machines for EV
Battery pack
Batteries for electric vehicles
Fuel cell system
Motor drives
Power electronics for electric vehicles
Multiple energy sources
Energy management
Drive train

Related Special Issue

Propulsion Systems of EVs 2.0 in World Electric Vehicle Journal

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Regenerative Braking Strategy of a Formula SAE Electric Race Car Using Energetic Macroscopic Representation

Andrés Camilo Henao-Muñoz

Paulo Pereirinha

and

Alain Bouscayrol

World Electr. Veh. J. 2020, 11(2), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj11020045 - 11 Jun 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4674

Abstract

This paper presents a braking strategy analysis for a Formula SAE electric race car. The proposed braking strategy aims to increase the recovery energy by a relevant distribution of the braking forces between the rear and front wheels. A mathematical model of the car is presented, and a simulation is performed in Matlab-Simulink. The model is organized using the energetic macroscopic representation graphical formalism. A real racetrack driving cycle is considered. Three braking strategies are compared considering the energy recovery and the vehicle stability. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy enables higher energy recovery while avoiding locking on both rear and front wheels. As in such a race the driving range is fixed, the reduction in energy consumption can be used to reduce the battery size. The battery weight can thus be decreased to improve the vehicle performance during competition. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Propulsion Systems of EVs)

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Open AccessArticle

Discontinuous Space Vector PWM Strategy for Three-Phase Three-Level Electric Vehicle Traction Inverter Fed Two-Phase Load

and

World Electr. Veh. J. 2020, 11(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj11010027 - 14 Mar 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2884

Abstract

Discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) strategies are usually adopted to reduce the switching loss and output current ripple of three-phase three-level traction inverters under three-phase load conditions. However, if there is a short circuit in any arbitrary phase or the inverter is used to feed a two-phase load, the output performance of conventional DPWM strategies will be deteriorated. Here, four improved DPWM (IDPWM) strategies for three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) traction inverter fed two-phase load are proposed. Unlike three-phase load conditions, the phase angle and the amplitude of each basic voltage vector in the space vector diagram are modified under two-phase load conditions. Consequently, sectors are re-divided and duty cycles of basic vectors during synthesis are recalculated. Clamping intervals of each phase for the four type discontinuous PWM (DPWM) strategies are rearranged according to the modified space vector diagram; then, the proposed DPWM strategies can be obtained. Compared with the conventional DPWM strategies, the output current waveform quality of the proposed strategy is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the amplitude of the neutral-point voltage ripple is also reduced. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Propulsion Systems of EVs)

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Open AccessArticle

Real-World Driving Cycles Adaptability of Electric Vehicles

and

World Electr. Veh. J. 2020, 11(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj11010019 - 03 Mar 2020

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4907

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) include battery electric vehicles (BEVs), fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) and fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs). The performance of vehicles is usually evaluated using standardized driving cycle tests; however, the results from standardized driving cycle tests deviate from the real-world driving cycle. In order to test the adaptability of EVs to real-world driving cycles, conditions of three typical routes in Tianjin are collected and their characteristics analyzed; then BEV and FCV models are created based on a type of FCHEV to simulate 0–100 km/h acceleration and cruising performance under a real-world driving cycle; finally, a motor bench is used to test the performance of FCHEV under the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle). After the adaptability of the three models to real-world driving cycle is compared based on the simulation and test results, it is found that FCHEV can recycle braking energy and has quick dynamic response, which can be well adapted to the real-world driving cycle. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Propulsion Systems of EVs)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Comprehensive Review on Main Topologies of Impedance Source Inverter Used in Electric Vehicle Applications

Daouda Mande

João Pedro Trovão

and

Minh Cao Ta

World Electr. Veh. J. 2020, 11(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj11020037 - 26 Apr 2020

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4688

Abstract

Power electronics play a fundamental role for electric transportation, renewable energy conversion and many other industrial applications. They have the ability to help achieve high efficiency and performance in power systems. However, traditional inverters such as voltage source and current source inverters present some limitations. Consequently, many research efforts have been focused on developing new power electronics converters suitable for many applications. Compared with the conventional two-stage inverter, Z-source inverter (ZSI) is a single-stage converter with lower design cost and high efficiency. It is a power electronics circuit of which the function is to convert DC input voltage to a symmetrical AC output voltage of desired magnitude and frequency. Recently, ZSIs have been widely used as a replacement for conventional two-stage inverters in the distributed generation systems. Several modifications have been carried out on ZSI to improve its performance and efficiency. This paper reviews the-state-of-art impedance source inverter main topologies and points out their applications for multisource electric vehicles. A concise review of main existing topologies is presented. The basic structural differences, advantages and limitations of each topology are illustrated. From this state-of-the-art review of impedance source inverters, the embedded quasi-Z-source inverter presents one of the promising architectures which can be used in multisource electric vehicles, with better performance and reliability. The utilization of this new topology will open the door to several development axes, with great impact on electric vehicles (EVs). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Propulsion Systems of EVs)

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Open AccessReview

Intelligent Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles

and

World Electr. Veh. J. 2019, 10(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj10020029 - 24 May 2019

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 8918

Abstract

Road transport is recognized as having a negative impact on the environment. Policy has focused on replacement of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with less polluting forms of technology, including battery electric and fuel cell electric powertrains. However, progress is slow and both battery and fuel cell based vehicles face considerable commercialization challenges. To understand these challenges, a review of current electric battery and fuel cell electric technologies is presented. Based on this review, this paper proposes a battery electric vehicle (BEV) where components are sized to take into account the majority of user requirements, with the remainder catered for by a trailer-based demountable intelligent fuel cell range extender. The proposed design can extend the range by more than 50% for small BEVs and 25% for large BEVs (the extended range of vehicles over 250 miles), reducing cost and increasing efficiency for the BEV. It enables BEV manufacturers to design their vehicle battery for the most common journeys, decreases charging time to provide convenience and flexibility to the drivers. Adopting a rent and drop business model reduces the demand on the raw materials, bridging the gap in the amount of charging (refueling) stations, and extending the lifespan for the battery pack. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Propulsion Systems of EVs)

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