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Water
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Water Quality in Agricultural Watersheds
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Water Quality in Agricultural Watersheds

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2022) | Viewed by 5892

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaodong Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
Interests: water quality; watershed management; hydrological modelling; climate change; environmental remediation; eco-environmental big data
Prof. Dr. Shuguang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
Interests: water pollution control and treatment; soil restoration and improvement; bioenergy conversion of greenhouse gases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water quality has been a key component to maintaining a healthy aquatic ecosystem in agricultural watersheds and needs to be considered in agricultural management practices. There are a number of water quality issues facing the security and safety of agricultural ecosystems. Agricultural production is a major contributor to nonpoint source water pollution in watersheds. Excess minerals and nutrients from fertilizers entering water bodies can lead to eutrophication, such as excessive growth of algae. Agricultural pesticides, microbial pathogens, salinity, and heavy metals transported from agricultural activities can threaten the health of aquatic ecosystems. Although progresses have been made in understanding links between agriculture and water quality during the past few decades, there are still knowledge gaps. A better understanding of the relationships between water quality and their broader effects on aquatic ecosystems in agricultural watersheds is thus desired.

This Special Issue aims to seek original contributions in various forms of research articles, review papers, and case study papers to help to better understand the relationships between water quality and their implications for aquatic ecosystems in agricultural watersheds. The potential topics include but are not limited to new monitoring technologies (i.e., remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles), advanced modeling approaches (i.e., innovative water quality models, data-driven models with artificial intelligence and machine/deep learning methods), and emerging ecological assessment methods. Studies of emerging water quality problems at watershed scales are especially welcome.

Dr. Xiaodong Zhang
Prof. Dr. Shuguang Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water quality
  • agricultural watersheds
  • nonpoint source water pollution
  • water quality models
  • water quality management
  • environmental and health risk assessment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 6400 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Water Quality Indicators in the Orla River Nitrate Vulnerable Zone in the Context of New Threats in Poland
by Jerzy Mirosław Kupiec, Ryszard Staniszewski and Dariusz Kayzer
Water 2022, 14(15), 2287; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152287 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1787
Abstract
Currently, one of the most serious threats to the environment in rural areas is industrial livestock production, which generates a significant amount of chemical and biological pollution. It causes pollution of waters, affects biodiversity, and has an impact on the climate. Research was [...] Read more.
Currently, one of the most serious threats to the environment in rural areas is industrial livestock production, which generates a significant amount of chemical and biological pollution. It causes pollution of waters, affects biodiversity, and has an impact on the climate. Research was carried out in the Orla River (Poland) with a catchment area of 1.546 km2. Studies were concentrated on pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, and other factors. Analyses were conducted on the area of livestock buildings in two buffer zones, 1 and 3 km wide, respectively, and included the abundance of phosphorus and potassium in soil as well as its potential impact on the quality of river water. Seasonal variability was observed for nutrients. In the winter period the highest concentrations of nitrates were observed, while in the summer this was the case for phosphates and total phosphorus. The highest concentrations of nutrients occurred in 2012, particularly total and ammonium nitrogen. There was a positive correlation between livestock building area and parameters such as ammonium, organic, and total nitrogen in the 1 km buffer, as well as organic and total nitrogen, potassium and dissolved oxygen in the 3 km buffer. Negative correlation in the case of pH was observed in both buffer zones. Relationships were found between the area of livestock buildings and parameters analyzed during seasons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality in Agricultural Watersheds)
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14 pages, 1545 KiB  
Article
Quality of Bottom Sediments of Sołtmany Lake (Masurian Lake District, Poland) in the Light of Geochemical and Ecotoxicological Criteria—Case Study
by Anna Świercz, Ilona Tomczyk-Wydrych and Łukasz Bąk
Water 2022, 14(13), 2045; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132045 - 26 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1575
Abstract
The quality of bottom sediment is important for the condition of aquatic environments. High levels of potentially harmful components in sediments negatively affect the quality of surface water environments. Lake bottom sediments are commonly used to control the quality of the environment in [...] Read more.
The quality of bottom sediment is important for the condition of aquatic environments. High levels of potentially harmful components in sediments negatively affect the quality of surface water environments. Lake bottom sediments are commonly used to control the quality of the environment in terms of both heavy metals and harmful organic compounds. This paper presents new data on the compositions of bottom sediments from Sołtmany Lake, located in the Masurian Lake District (Poland). The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of bottom sediments and to assess their quality based on geochemical and ecotoxicological criteria. The field study was conducted in July 2021. Thirty sediment samples were collected for analysis from six study sites located in the upper central and lower part of the reservoir. Contamination of the bottom sediments with trace metals was determined on the basis of the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), while an ecological risk assessment was carried out on the basis of calculated values of TEC (Threshold Effect Concentration) and PEC (Probable Effect Concentration) indices. The study shows that the concentration of trace metals in sediments was characterised by slight variation and that the maximum values did not exceed: 1.1 mg·kg−1 for Cd, 8.7 mg·kg−1 for Cr, 10.9 mg·kg−1 for Cu, 7.7 mg·kg−1 for Ni, 12.9 mg·kg−1 for Pb and 52.3 mg·kg−1 for Zn. The analyses further showed that the concentration of trace elements in the sediment surface layer increased in the following order: Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd. The maximum pH value of H2O was 7.1, while that of KCl was 7.0. The maximum values of Corg, Ntot, P2O5, K2O and Mg were, respectively: 6.1 g·kg−1, 1.4 g·kg−1, 40.2 mg·100 g−1, 31.2 mg·100 g−1 and 35.1 mg·100 g−1. The assessment of the degree of lake pollution is essential for the conservation of biodiversity and the organisation of environmental management activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality in Agricultural Watersheds)
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21 pages, 4149 KiB  
Article
Short−Term Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Water from Xiaohe River Irrigation Area, China: Levels, Sources and Distribution
by Zhilong Meng, Xinru Bai and Xiuli Tang
Water 2022, 14(8), 1273; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14081273 - 14 Apr 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1943
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the pollution characteristics of heavy metals and their potential harm to human health in the surface water of agricultural irrigation areas, China, over a short term. In this study, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg, Ni, Cr, [...] Read more.
The aims of this study were to determine the pollution characteristics of heavy metals and their potential harm to human health in the surface water of agricultural irrigation areas, China, over a short term. In this study, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg, Ni, Cr, Cd, and As in surface water of the Xiaohe River irrigation area were detected and analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of Pb, Hg, Ni, Cr, Cd, and As exceeded the national environmental quality standard for surface water in varying degrees. The concentrations of heavy metals in surface water in October were significantly lower than that in November and December due to the impact of extreme precipitation events. Point source pollution (industrial sewage, etc.) was the main factor affecting the spatial distribution of heavy metals. The main source of heavy metals in October was domestic sewage. Domestic sewage and industrial sewage were the main sources of heavy metals in November. The sources of heavy metals in surface water in December were relatively diverse, and industrial sewage was the main source. The temporal variation of heavy metal pollution sources changed significantly. Industrial sewage was the main pollution source of heavy metals in surface water in the study area. The impact of urban domestic sewage and agricultural activities cannot be ignored. The health risk of heavy metals in surface water mainly depends on Cr, Cd, and As. Policy recommendations were also proposed for better control of heavy metal pollution in the surface water of river ecosystems involving agricultural irrigation areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Quality in Agricultural Watersheds)
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