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Water–Rock Interaction
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Water–Rock Interaction

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrogeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 171

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Teng Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
Interests: surface water–groundwater interaction; earth's critical zones and ecohydrogeology in watershed; groundwater pollution and prevention; water–rock interaction in low permeability medium
Dr. Liuzhu Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
Interests: pollution prevention and control of groundwater; halogen geochemistry; isotopes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water–rock interactions play a crucial role in the flourishing of life. The different forms of water and rock–soil bodies interact in physical, chemical and biological ways at different spatiotemporal scales in the lithosphere and hydrosphere, thus forming the complex and exquisite water–rock interaction in the earth system. This provides the necessary materials and energy for life. Influenced by climatic zones, geological units, burial depths and human activities, the combination of temperature, humidity, pressure, pH, redox and biological conditions is varied, which contributes to the complexity of water–rock interaction. Groundwater is a key link to combine the geological environment and the earth ecosystem and continuously drives the material and energy cycle between them. Clarifying groundwater–rock interactions under various conditions is essential to guarantee ecological health.

This Special Issue will publish high-quality papers focused on new findings related to the groundwater/surface water–rock interaction.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Groundwater and human health;
  • Groundwater pollution;
  • Surface water–groundwater interaction;
  • Water–rock interaction in low permeability medium/wetlands/permafrost/geothermal system;
  • Environmental effect of water–rock interaction;
  • The metallogenic effect on groundwater.

Prof. Dr. Teng Ma
Dr. Liuzhu Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water–rock interaction
  • groundwater
  • aquifer
  • geochemistry of groundwater system
  • hydrochemistry
  • isotopes
  • eco-environmental effect
  • ecological health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 11483 KiB  
Article
Impact of Diverse Calcite Vein Patterns on Dissolution Characteristics of Triassic Limestone in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
by Jingyun Guo, Shouding Li, Jianming He, Zhaobin Zhang and Xiao Li
Water 2025, 17(10), 1550; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17101550 - 21 May 2025
Abstract
Carbonate rock slopes in reservoir environments are increasingly exposed to dissolution-induced deterioration due to water level fluctuations. However, the influence of internal structures—particularly calcite veins—on dissolution behavior remains inadequately understood. The acid-induced dissolution of limestone by a sulfuric acid solution leads to the [...] Read more.
Carbonate rock slopes in reservoir environments are increasingly exposed to dissolution-induced deterioration due to water level fluctuations. However, the influence of internal structures—particularly calcite veins—on dissolution behavior remains inadequately understood. The acid-induced dissolution of limestone by a sulfuric acid solution leads to the removal of soluble minerals and changes to the rock structure. Natural variation in rock structures—particularly in the presence, density, and morphology of calcite veins—can significantly affect the dissolution process and its outcomes. In this study, we obtained three types of Triassic limestone from the same host rock but with varying vein structures from the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Cylindrical rock specimens were prepared to investigate the acid-induced dissolution behavior of limestone in a sulfuric acid solution. We identified and analyzed the macrostructures on the rock specimens before and after the interaction. Additionally, SEM was employed to observe the microstructures of the specimens before and after the acid-induced dissolution, and fractal dimension analysis was conducted on the SEM images to quantify surface complexity. Furthermore, we used a focused ion beam–scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) with an automatic mineral identification and characterization system, as well as mineral roundness calculation, for mineral identification and analysis. Based on the experiments and analyses, we determined the following: The contact surfaces between the host rock and the calcite veins increase the dissolution areas between the limestone and the sulfuric acid solution, intensifying the dissolution reactions, enhancing the connectivity of the original microstructural planes, and generating new, highly extended dissolution fissures. The calcite veins facilitate the entry of sulfuric acid solution into the limestone, intensifying the dissolution of the edges and corners of dolomite and resulting in the gradual rounding of dolomite shapes. Quantitatively, the limestone with dense, fine calcite veins exhibited the most severe dissolution, with water absorption rates nearly twice as high as the non-veined samples (0.13% vs. 0.07%), a 2.2% reduction in fractal dimension, and a 19.53% increase in dolomite roundness with the 1 ≤ R ≤ 3 interval, indicating significantly enhanced surface complexity and mineral reshaping. In summary, the presence of more calcite veins, regardless of their width, leads to more severe rock dissolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water–Rock Interaction)
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