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The Impact of Human Activities on Groundwater Resources in Arid and Semi-arid Regions

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1264

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
Interests: groundwater; numerical model; hydrology; vadose zone; eco-hydrology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, China
Interests: hydrogeology

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Guest Editor
School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, China
Interests: groundwater modeling; seepage erosion theory; hydraulic project health diagnosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Groundwater is an extremely valuable freshwater resource in the natural world, playing a crucial role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems and supporting the development of human society's economy. However, as populations surge and industrial and agricultural activities expand rapidly, human utilization of groundwater resources has intensified, leading to impacts that are mainly reflected in two areas: a decrease in quantity and a deterioration in quality. In terms of quantity, the over-extraction of groundwater is the most direct impact. The continuous growth in demand for agricultural irrigation, industrial water, and urban supplies has led to a consistent decline in groundwater levels. Excessive pumping, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, has not only made groundwater resources increasingly scarce but has also triggered a series of geological and environmental issues such as land subsidence and the drying up of springs. In terms of quality, the pollution of groundwater is worsening. The discharge of industrial wastewater and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in fields have led to chemical or microbiological contamination of groundwater. Additionally, unreasonable land use and changes in land cover can affect the natural replenishment and flow pathways of groundwater, further threatening the quality and sustainability of water resources. The interaction between human activities and groundwater resources is complex and multifaceted, with many problems remaining unresolved. We are organizing this Special Issue to call on colleagues to study the impact of human activites on groundwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions from various perspctives, using a range of methods and technologies, and make contributions to the systematic understanding of the response of hydrological processes to human activities.

Dr. Zaiyong Zhang
Dr. Yuli Wang
Prof. Dr. Yue Liang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • human activities
  • groundwater
  • arid and semi-arid regions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2630 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Soil Moisture Dynamics and Its Response to Rainfall in the Mu Us Sandy Land
by Bin Ran, Zhenguo Xing, Jie Fang, Yingming Yang, Yunlan He, Xuejia Li, Xiaoqing Liu and Gang Liu
Water 2025, 17(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17010105 - 2 Jan 2025
Viewed by 916
Abstract
Soil moisture is key in maintaining surface energy balance and the hydrological cycle. However, the patterns of soil moisture change at different altitudes and their response to rainfall are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to analyze the changes in [...] Read more.
Soil moisture is key in maintaining surface energy balance and the hydrological cycle. However, the patterns of soil moisture change at different altitudes and their response to rainfall are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to analyze the changes in soil moisture at different altitudes in the Mu Us Sandy Land, assess the soil moisture response to various rainfall events, and evaluate the factors affecting this response. To achieve this, we set up two soil moisture and precipitation monitoring systems in the Ejin Horo Banner, located at the northern edge of the Mu Us Sandy Land. Results show that the annual precipitation at the site was 342.6 mm, with most rain falling between July and September. The region experiences soil drought from June to October. At the lower X1 test site, the increase in soil moisture in the 0–90 cm layer during rainfall was greater than the amount of precipitation, suggesting that lateral water flow from higher areas influences soil moisture at lower positions. This study used Grey Relational Analysis to identify the key factors influencing soil moisture changes; the result showed that the initial soil moisture and total precipitation have the strongest correlation with changes in soil moisture, making them the main factors controlling soil moisture response at the site. These findings enhance our understanding of soil moisture dynamics and provide a foundation for vegetation restoration in semi-arid sandy areas and ecosystem rehabilitation. Full article
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