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Application of Environmental Microbiology in Water Treatment

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2026 | Viewed by 5407

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
Interests: environmental science; microbiology; microbiome; metagenomics; water; wastewater; water treatment; bioremediation; muti-omics; artificial intelligence

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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
Interests: microbiology; water; wastewater; water treatment; microbiome; metagenomics; cyanobacteria; wastewater surveillance; multi-omics; toxicity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Addressing the scarcity of potable water and contamination of freshwater resources due to the salination of water bodies, eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, the biomagnification of toxic compounds and heavy metals is becoming an urgent necessity and is increasingly a major concern due to the growing global population. The quantity as well as quality of water is being significantly affected by increasing populations, urbanization, and industrialization. Due to this increasing water scarcity, there is a need to revitalize sustainable/green technology as an effective part of the water treatment processes. For many years now, microorganisms have represented novel avenues for innovative trends and techniques in the removal of toxic pollutants and industrial effluents from rivers, surveillance through wastewater treatment plants, novel bioremediation methods (for instance, nanoparticles), identifying the health status of water bodies through satellite imaging, etc. The aim of this Special Issue is to discuss the latest discoveries in this field and provide directions for future research in the form of original research articles and review papers. This Issue will focus on topics such as water and wastewater treatment using microbes; the role of environmental microbiology in water purification; microalgal species in toxic metal removal; bioremediation processes in water treatment; sustainable water treatment methods; the role of aquatic microbes, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in elucidating the effects of climate change; and the effects of industrialization and other anthropogenic activities on water bodies. We encourage the submission of articles relevant to recent advances and novel trends that allude to the applications of environmental microbiology in water treatment.

Dr. Swarna Kanchan
Dr. Minu Kesheri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbiology
  • water
  • wastewater
  • water treatment
  • microbiome
  • metagenomics
  • cyanobacteria
  • wastewater surveil-lance
  • multi-omics
  • bioinformatics, artificial intelligence
  • machine learning
  • nanoparticles
  • used water
  • public health
  • algal blooms
  • toxicity
  • heavy metal removal
  • microalgae
  • brown algae
  • algae

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

19 pages, 836 KB  
Review
Advances in Microbial Bioremediation for Effective Wastewater Treatment
by Tarun Mishra, Pankaj Bharat Tiwari, Swarna Kanchan and Minu Kesheri
Water 2025, 17(22), 3196; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17223196 - 8 Nov 2025
Viewed by 2898
Abstract
Recent advances in microbial bioremediation have significantly enhanced the effectiveness of wastewater management, offering innovative and sustainable alternatives to conventional treatment methods. Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, are increasingly recognized for their remarkable ability to degrade, transform, and remove a broad spectrum [...] Read more.
Recent advances in microbial bioremediation have significantly enhanced the effectiveness of wastewater management, offering innovative and sustainable alternatives to conventional treatment methods. Microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, are increasingly recognized for their remarkable ability to degrade, transform, and remove a broad spectrum of pollutants such as organic compounds, heavy metals, and emerging contaminants from wastewater. Cutting-edge research has led to the development of novel approaches such as bioaugmentation, bio-stimulation, and the use of genetically engineered microbes, which have improved the efficiency, specificity, and resilience of bioremediation processes. The application of microbial consortia and advanced bioreactor designs further optimizes pollutant removal under diverse environmental conditions. Additionally, omics technologies and systems biology are providing deeper insights into microbial community dynamics and metabolic pathways, enabling the fine-tuning of bioremediation strategies for targeted outcomes. Despite ongoing challenges related to scalability, environmental variability, and regulatory considerations, these advances are paving the way for more robust, cost-effective, and eco-friendly wastewater management solutions. Overall, the integration of innovative microbial technologies holds great promise for addressing global water quality challenges and promoting environmental sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Environmental Microbiology in Water Treatment)
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22 pages, 2001 KB  
Review
Ecological Functions of Microbes in Constructed Wetlands for Natural Water Purification
by Aradhna Kumari, Saurav Raj, Santosh Kumar Singh, Krishan K. Verma and Praveen Kumar Mishra
Water 2025, 17(20), 2947; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17202947 - 13 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are sustainable and cost-effective systems that utilise plant–microbe interactions and natural processes for wastewater treatment. Microbial communities play a pivotal role in pollutant removal by crucial processes like nitrogen transformations, phosphorus cycling, organic matter degradation and the breakdown of emerging [...] Read more.
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are sustainable and cost-effective systems that utilise plant–microbe interactions and natural processes for wastewater treatment. Microbial communities play a pivotal role in pollutant removal by crucial processes like nitrogen transformations, phosphorus cycling, organic matter degradation and the breakdown of emerging contaminants. Dominant phyla, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, collectively orchestrate these biogeochemical functions. Advances in molecular tools, including high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics, have revealed the diversity and functional potential of wetland microbiomes, while environmental factors, i.e., temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time, strongly influence their performance. Phosphorus removal efficiency is often lower than nitrogen, and large land requirements and long start-up times restrict broader application. Microplastic accumulation, the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and greenhouse gas emissions (methane, nitrous oxide) present additional challenges. The possible persistence of pathogenic microbes further complicates system safety. Future research should integrate engineered substrates, biochar amendments, optimised plant–microbe interactions and hybrid CW designs to enhance treatment performance and resilience in the era of climate change. By acknowledging the potential and constraints, CWs can be further developed as next-generation, nature-based solutions for sustainable water management in the years to come. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Environmental Microbiology in Water Treatment)
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