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Vaccines
Special Issues
Biotechnology of Non-disease Prevention Vaccines
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Biotechnology of Non-disease Prevention Vaccines

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 21902

Special Issue Editor

Dr. José Manuel Pérez De La Lastra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biotechnology of Macromolcules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
Interests: biotechnology; macromolecules; antimicrobials; IgY antibodies; peptides; epitopes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Traditionally, prophylactic vaccines are designed to stimulate or elicit an immune response to protect the host against later natural infection. However, there are instances where hosts are vaccinated for other purposes, rather than for its protection against an infectious disease or vector. For example, the vaccination of ruminants against rumen methanogens are foreseen to reduce methane emissions. IgY technology and nanobody technology uses the vaccination of hens and camelids, respectively, for the mass production of antibodies in these animals. In humans, some vaccines are being designed to prevent metabolic diseases, fertility, obesity, drug addiction, aging and Alzheimer disease. The use of these vaccinations has seen increasing growth in biotechnology, pharmaceutical applications and structure/function research. This special issue will review some of the well-known examples of non-disease prevention vaccines.

Dr. José Manuel Pérez De La Lastra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Biotechnology
  • antimicrobial
  • peptides
  • antibodies
  • vaccination
  • IgY technology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 2621 KiB  
Article
An Unbiased Immunization Strategy Results in the Identification of Enolase as a Potential Marker for Nanobody-Based Detection of Trypanosoma evansi
by Zeng Li, Joar Esteban Pinto Torres, Julie Goossens, Didier Vertommen, Guy Caljon, Yann G.-J. Sterckx and Stefan Magez
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 415; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030415 - 24 Jul 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4099
Abstract
Trypanosoma evansi is a widely spread parasite that causes the debilitating disease “surra” in several types of ungulates. This severely challenges livestock rearing and heavily weighs on the socio-economic development in the affected areas, which include countries on five continents. Active case finding [...] Read more.
Trypanosoma evansi is a widely spread parasite that causes the debilitating disease “surra” in several types of ungulates. This severely challenges livestock rearing and heavily weighs on the socio-economic development in the affected areas, which include countries on five continents. Active case finding requires a sensitive and specific diagnostic test. In this paper, we describe the application of an unbiased immunization strategy to identify potential biomarkers for Nanobody (Nb)-based detection of T. evansi infections. Alpaca immunization with soluble lysates from different T. evansi strains followed by panning against T. evansi secretome resulted in the selection of a single Nb (Nb11). By combining Nb11-mediated immuno-capturing with mass spectrometry, the T. evansi target antigen was identified as the glycolytic enzyme enolase. Four additional anti-enolase binders were subsequently generated by immunizing another alpaca with the recombinant target enzyme. Together with Nb11, these binders were evaluated for their potential use in a heterologous sandwich detection format. Three Nb pairs were identified as candidates for the further development of an antigen-based assay for Nb-mediated diagnosis of T. evansi infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology of Non-disease Prevention Vaccines)
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Review

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17 pages, 1870 KiB  
Review
Can Immunization of Hens Provide Oral-Based Therapeutics against COVID-19?
by José M. Pérez de la Lastra, Victoria Baca-González, Patricia Asensio-Calavia, Sergio González-Acosta and Antonio Morales-delaNuez
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 486; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030486 - 28 Aug 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 6394
Abstract
In the current worldwide pandemic situation caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the newest coronavirus disease (COVID-19), therapeutics and prophylactics are urgently needed for a large population. Some of the prophylaxis strategies are based on the development of [...] Read more.
In the current worldwide pandemic situation caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the newest coronavirus disease (COVID-19), therapeutics and prophylactics are urgently needed for a large population. Some of the prophylaxis strategies are based on the development of antibodies targeting viral proteins. IgY antibodies are a type of immunoglobulin present in birds, amphibians, and reptiles. They are usually obtained from egg yolk of hyper-immunized hens and represent a relatively inexpensive source of antibodies. Specific IgY can be produced by immunizing chickens with the target antigen and then purifying from the egg yolk. Chicken IgY has been widely explored as a clinical anti-infective material for prophylaxis, preventive medicine, and therapy of infectious diseases. Administered non-systemically, IgY antibodies are safe and effective drugs. Moreover, passive immunization with avian antibodies could become an effective alternative therapy, as these can be obtained relatively simply, cost-efficiently, and produced on a large scale. Here, we highlight the potential use of polyclonal avian IgY antibodies as an oral prophylactic treatment for respiratory viral diseases, such as COVID-19, for which no vaccine is yet available. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology of Non-disease Prevention Vaccines)
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21 pages, 631 KiB  
Review
Are Vaccines the Solution for Methane Emissions from Ruminants? A Systematic Review
by Victoria Baca-González, Patricia Asensio-Calavia, Sergio González-Acosta, Jose Manuel Pérez de la Lastra and Antonio Morales de la Nuez
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030460 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 10781
Abstract
Ruminants produce considerable amounts of methane during their digestive process, which makes the livestock industry as one of the largest sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. To tackle this situation, several solutions have been proposed, including vaccination of ruminants against microorganisms responsible for methane [...] Read more.
Ruminants produce considerable amounts of methane during their digestive process, which makes the livestock industry as one of the largest sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. To tackle this situation, several solutions have been proposed, including vaccination of ruminants against microorganisms responsible for methane synthesis in the rumen. In this review, we summarize the research done on this topic and describe the state of the art of this strategy. The different steps implied in this approach are described: experimental design, animal model (species, age), antigen (whole cells, cell parts, recombinant proteins, peptides), adjuvant (Freund’s, Montanide, saponin, among others), vaccination schedule (booster intervals and numbers) and measurements of treatment success (immunoglobulin titers and/or effects on methanogens and methane production). Highlighting both the advances made and knowledge gaps in the use of vaccines to inhibit ruminant methanogen activity, this research review opens the door to future studies. This will enable improvements in the methodology and systemic approaches so as to ensure the success of this proposal for the sustainable mitigation of methane emission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology of Non-disease Prevention Vaccines)
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