Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Vaccination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 4696

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Molecular Immunonutrition Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA-Food), 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: immunonutrition; macrophages; trained immunity; gut-liver axis; microbiota
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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Food and Helath, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: polyphenols; in vitro; in vivo; pharmacology; eicosanoids; inflammation; cardiovascular; health; bioactive molecules
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The intricate immune signals between both innate and adaptive branches of the immune system not only represent our first line of defense but also allow us to normally develop during ontogeny. These interactions take place sequentially to establish adequate metabolic and microbial commensal response(s), offering protection to exogenous biological entities and to an exaggerated inflammation. Complex cellular and humoral networks of adaptive immune cells and metabolic products are well known. However, fundamental questions remain unanswered about the interconnexion between innate and adaptive immune response(s) to immunoevasion. These will improve our knowledge on immunometabolic diseases, cancer, virus clearance, and recovery of immunocompetence. Identification and development of those with a concerted perspective will overcome the usually fragmented and compartmentalized approach to addressing the underlying immune alterations. Integrating both components in the context of its relationship to exposures (i.e., diet, environment, microbiota) and the host’s intrinsic and modifiable factors and disease outcomes will contribute toward vaccine and immunotherapeutic design and evaluation. 

Dr. Jose Moisés Laparra
Dr. Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • trained immunity
  • cancer
  • virus
  • neuroimmunology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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18 pages, 5087 KiB  
Article
DNA Vaccines Encoding HTNV GP-Derived Th Epitopes Benefited from a LAMP-Targeting Strategy and Established Cellular Immunoprotection
by Dongbo Jiang, Junqi Zhang, Wenyang Shen, Yubo Sun, Zhenjie Wang, Jiawei Wang, Jinpeng Zhang, Guanwen Zhang, Gefei Zhang, Yueyue Wang, Sirui Cai, Jiaxing Zhang, Yongkai Wang, Ruibo Liu, Tianyuan Bai, Yuanjie Sun, Shuya Yang, Zilu Ma, Zhikui Li, Jijin Li, Chenjin Ma, Linfeng Cheng, Baozeng Sun and Kun Yangadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Vaccines 2024, 12(8), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080928 - 19 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Vaccines has long been the focus of antiviral immunotherapy research. Viral epitopes are thought to be useful biomarkers for immunotherapy (both antibody-based and cellular). In this study, we designed a novel vaccine molecule, the Hantaan virus (HTNV) glycoprotein (GP) tandem Th epitope molecule [...] Read more.
Vaccines has long been the focus of antiviral immunotherapy research. Viral epitopes are thought to be useful biomarkers for immunotherapy (both antibody-based and cellular). In this study, we designed a novel vaccine molecule, the Hantaan virus (HTNV) glycoprotein (GP) tandem Th epitope molecule (named the Gnc molecule), in silico. Subsequently, computer analysis was used to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study of the various properties of the molecule and its effects as a vaccine molecule in the body. The Gnc molecule was designed for DNA vaccines and optimized with a lysosomal-targeting membrane protein (LAMP) strategy. The effects of GP-derived Th epitopes and multiepitope vaccines were initially verified in animals. Our research has resulted in the design of two vaccines based on effective antiviral immune targets. The effectiveness of molecular therapies has also been preliminarily demonstrated in silico and in laboratory animals, which lays a foundation for the application of a vaccines strategy in the field of antivirals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity)
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21 pages, 5285 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Risk Stratification and Prognostication of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi, Sunag Padukudru, Sumalata Arunachal, Chetak Kadabasal Basavaraj, Mamidipudi Thirumala Krishna, Koustav Ganguly, Swapna Upadhyay and Mahesh Padukudru Anand
Vaccines 2022, 10(8), 1233; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081233 - 1 Aug 2022
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3175
Abstract
Several studies have proposed that the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the various biomarkers that can be useful in assessing COVID-19 disease-related outcomes. Our systematic review analyzes the relationship between on-admission NLR values and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Six different severity criteria [...] Read more.
Several studies have proposed that the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the various biomarkers that can be useful in assessing COVID-19 disease-related outcomes. Our systematic review analyzes the relationship between on-admission NLR values and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Six different severity criteria were used. A search of the literature in various databases was conducted from 1 January 2020 to 1 May 2021. We calculated the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for the collected NLR values. A meta-regression analysis was performed, looking at the length of hospitalization and other probable confounders, such as age, gender, and comorbidities. A total of sixty-four studies were considered, which included a total of 15,683 patients. The meta-analysis showed an SMD of 3.12 (95% CI: 2.64–3.59) in NLR values between severe and non-severe patients. A difference of 3.93 (95% CI: 2.35–5.50) was found between survivors and non-survivors of the disease. Upon summary receiver operating characteristics analysis, NLR showed 80.2% (95% CI: 74.0–85.2%) sensitivity and 75.8% (95% CI: 71.3–79.9%) specificity for the prediction of severity and 78.8% (95% CI: 73.5–83.2%) sensitivity and 73.0% (95% CI: 68.4–77.1%) specificity for mortality, and was not influenced by age, gender, or co-morbid conditions. Conclusion: On admission, NLR predicts both severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, and an NLR > 6.5 is associated with significantly greater the odds of mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Innate and Adaptive Immunity)
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