Hepatitis Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy and Global Impact

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Hepatitis Virus Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 645

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
Interests: viral hepatitis; host–virus interactions; innate immunity; cell signaling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hepatitis vaccines are among the most significant achievements in public health, providing highly effective protection against viral hepatitis, a leading global cause of liver disease and death. Hepatitis A and B vaccines, with immunogenicity rates exceeding 95%, offer long-lasting protection and have been instrumental in reducing hepatitis-related infections and deaths, particularly in regions with well-established vaccination programs. However, despite these successes, challenges remain in ensuring equitable vaccine access, especially in low-resource settings where the burden of hepatitis is highest. While a hepatitis E vaccine is available in certain regions and research into vaccines for hepatitis C and D continues, there is still a critical need for innovation and expanded global reach in prevention strategies. Addressing these gaps through education, improved access, and integration into public health frameworks is crucial to achieving the World Health Organization’s goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.

In this Special Issue, we aim to address key questions related to viral hepatitis, including its prevention through vaccination, the safety and efficacy of current vaccines, and the broader global impact of these interventions. We invite the submission of original research and review articles that explore any aspect of viral hepatitis, the role of vaccines, and the innovations and challenges that will shape the future of hepatitis prevention worldwide.

Dr. Muhammad Atif Zahoor
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • viral hepatitis
  • prevention of viral hepatitis through effective vaccines
  • safety and efficacy of hepatitis vaccines
  • immunogenicity of hepatitis vaccines
  • vaccine innovation
  • global prevention strategies
  • global health impact
  • vaccine failures and future challenges

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1857 KiB  
Article
Immunogenic Properties of a Novel Hepatitis A Vaccine Candidate Based on a Fast-Growing Viral Strain
by Maria Isabel Costafreda, Malén Massot-Cladera, Gemma Chavarria-Miró, Alba Arrebola, Àngels Franch-Masferrer, Maria J. Rodríguez-Lagunas, Adán Martínez-Velázquez, Albert Blanco, Albert Bosch, Susana Guix, Margarida Castell and Rosa Maria Pintó
Vaccines 2025, 13(5), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13050446 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 282
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) yearly causes over 150 million new infections and around 40,000 deaths. Current vaccines are based on strains that grow poorly in cell culture, leading to high production costs and limited availability. This study aimed to compare the immunogenic [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) yearly causes over 150 million new infections and around 40,000 deaths. Current vaccines are based on strains that grow poorly in cell culture, leading to high production costs and limited availability. This study aimed to compare the immunogenic properties of a novel HAV vaccine candidate based on the fast-growing HM175-HP strain with those of the parental slow-growing HM175-L0 strain, which derives from the cytopathic HM175 strain, like the prototype strain used in certain existing vaccines. Methods: The humoral and cellular immune response elicited by either HM175-HP or HM175-L0 vaccines was assessed in female BALB/c mice. Results: Both HM175-HP and HM175-L0 vaccines induced comparable levels of anti-HAV IgG, as well as similar numbers of antibody-secreting cells and cellular proliferation rates in immunized mice. Importantly, anti-HAV antibodies developed by HM175-HP-immunized mice were able to neutralize the HM175-L0 strain. In addition, both vaccines induced anti-HAV IgG1 antibodies, which are associated with Th2 immune response, but the HM175-HP vaccine showed a tendency to produce a greater IgG2a response, suggesting that it might elicit a higher Th1 response, which is of utmost importance for host defense against viruses. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the fast-growing HM175-HP strain has similar immunogenic properties to the vaccine prototype-like HM175-L0, making it a promising candidate to reduce the elevated costs and time-consuming procedures of producing the current HAV vaccines. The novel HM175-HP-based vaccine would therefore facilitate mass vaccination programs and prevent vaccine shortages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy and Global Impact)
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