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Vaccines
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Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus
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Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines against (re)emerging and Tropical Infections Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 16385

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Berlin Londono-Renteria

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66505, USA
Interests: immunity against arthropod salivary proteins, arbovirus, malaria transmission
Dr. Guillermo Rua-Uribe

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GEM-School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
Interests: dengue epidemiology; mosquito ecology; disease transmission

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Arboviral diseases are significant burdens on the health of individuals and economies throughout the tropics and subtropics. Vector-borne pathogens are transmitted to humans via the bite of an infected arthropod and then back to the mosquito during blood feeding. Despite efforts of vector surveillance and reactionary control methods by the health department, the epidemic has grown and become more frequent in both temperate and tropical regions. Vector control is still the primary control strategy for most of these diseases, and vaccines are available only for a handful of those, rendering susceptible populations at risk. With this Special Issue, we aim to discuss emerging concepts in vector-host interaction influencing pathogen emergence and other concepts in vector biology, pathogen transmission, and molecular interactions leading to pathogen transmission success. We also intend to discuss the influence of arthropod salivary proteins in modifying immune responses in the vertebrate host or in aiding/preventing pathogen replication, all in an effort to propose potential control strategies, including new therapeutic candidates such as vaccines and drug alternatives.

Dr. Berlin Londono-Renteria
Dr. Guillermo Rua-Uribe
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • epidemiology
  • disease transmission
  • host-pathogen interaction
  • prevention
  • control
  • new therapeutics
  • vaccines

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 6268 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of DNA-Launched Virus-Like Particle Vaccines in an Immune Competent Mouse Model of Chikungunya Virus Infection
by Jonathan O. Rayner, Jin Hyun Kim, Rosemary W. Roberts, Raphael Ryan Wood, Brian Fouty and Victor Solodushko
Vaccines 2021, 9(4), 345; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040345 - 02 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2675
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can result in chronic and debilitating arthralgia affecting humans in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, yet there are no licensed vaccines to prevent infection. DNA launched virus like particle (VLP) vaccines represent a potentially safer alternative to [...] Read more.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can result in chronic and debilitating arthralgia affecting humans in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, yet there are no licensed vaccines to prevent infection. DNA launched virus like particle (VLP) vaccines represent a potentially safer alternative to traditional live-attenuated vaccines; however, fully characterized immunocompetent mouse models which appropriately include both male and female animals for preclinical evaluation of these, and other, vaccine platforms are lacking. Utilizing virus stocks engineered to express mutations reported to enhance CHIKV virulence in mice, infection of male and female immunocompetent mice was evaluated, and the resulting model utilized to assess the efficacy of candidate DNA launched CHIKV VLP vaccines. Results demonstrate the potential utility of DNA launched VLP vaccines in comparison to a live attenuated CHIKV vaccine and identify gender differences in viral RNA loads that impact interpretation of vaccine efficacy and may have important implications for future CHIKV vaccine development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus)
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12 pages, 2462 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Vertebrate-Specific Replication-Defective Zika Virus, a Novel Single-Cycle Arbovirus Vaccine, in a Mouse Model
by Shengfeng Wan, Shengbo Cao, Xugang Wang, Yanfei Zhou, Weidong Yan, Xinbin Gu, Tzyy-Choou Wu and Xiaowu Pang
Vaccines 2021, 9(4), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040338 - 01 Apr 2021
Viewed by 1650
Abstract
The flavivirus Zika (ZIKV) has emerged as a global threat, making the development of a ZIKV vaccine a priority. While live-attenuated vaccines are known to induce long-term immunity but reduced safety, inactivated vaccines exhibit a weaker immune response as a trade-off for increased [...] Read more.
The flavivirus Zika (ZIKV) has emerged as a global threat, making the development of a ZIKV vaccine a priority. While live-attenuated vaccines are known to induce long-term immunity but reduced safety, inactivated vaccines exhibit a weaker immune response as a trade-off for increased safety margins. To overcome the trade-off between immunogenicity and safety, the concept of a third-generation flavivirus vaccine based on single-cycle flaviviruses has been developed. These third-generation flavivirus vaccines have demonstrated extreme potency with a high level of safety in animal models. However, the production of these single-cycle, encapsidation-defective flaviviruses requires a complicated virion packaging system. Here, we investigated a new single-cycle flavivirus vaccine, a vertebrate-specific replication-defective ZIKV (VSRD-ZIKV), in a mouse model. VSRD-ZIKV replicates to high titers in insect cells but can only initiate a single-round infection in vertebrate cells. During a single round of infection, VSRD-ZIKV can express all the authentic viral antigens in vertebrate hosts. VSRD-ZIKV immunization elicited a robust cellular and humoral immune response that protected against a lethal ZIKV challenge in AG129 mice. Additionally, VSRD-ZIKV-immunized pregnant mice were protected against vertically transferring a lethal ZIKV infection to their offspring. Immunized male mice were protected and prevented viral accumulation in the testes after being challenged with lethal ZIKV. Overall, our results indicate that VSRD-ZIKV induces a potent protective immunity against ZIKV in a mouse model and represents a promising approach to develop novel single-cycle arbovirus vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus)
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Review

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12 pages, 2369 KiB  
Review
Viral Toxin NS1 Implication in Dengue Pathogenesis Making It a Pivotal Target in Development of Efficient Vaccine
by Grégorie Lebeau, Alisé Lagrave, Eva Ogire, Lauriane Grondin, Soundary Seriacaroupin, Cédric Moutoussamy, Patrick Mavingui, Jean-Jacques Hoarau, Marjolaine Roche, Pascale Krejbich-Trotot, Philippe Desprès and Wildriss Viranaicken
Vaccines 2021, 9(9), 946; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090946 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5601
Abstract
The mosquito-borne viral disease dengue is a global public health problem causing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild dengue fever to severe dengue with plasma leakage and bleeding which are often fatal. To date, there are no specific medications to [...] Read more.
The mosquito-borne viral disease dengue is a global public health problem causing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild dengue fever to severe dengue with plasma leakage and bleeding which are often fatal. To date, there are no specific medications to treat dengue and prevent the risk of hemorrhage. Dengue is caused by one of four genetically related but antigenically distinct serotypes DENV-1–DENV-4. The growing burden of the four DENV serotypes has intensified both basic and applied research to better understand dengue physiopathology. Research has shown that the secreted soluble hexameric form of DENV nonstructural protein-1 (sNS1) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of severe dengue. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the role of sNS1 in the immunopathogenesis of dengue disease. We discuss the potential use of sNS1 in future vaccine development and its potential to improve dengue vaccine efficiency, particularly against severe dengue illness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus)
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13 pages, 1024 KiB  
Review
Vertebrate Responses against Arthropod Salivary Proteins and Their Therapeutic Potential
by Olayinka Olajiga, Andrés F. Holguin-Rocha, Meagan Rippee-Brooks, Megan Eppler, Shanice L. Harris and Berlin Londono-Renteria
Vaccines 2021, 9(4), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040347 - 05 Apr 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2904
Abstract
The saliva of hematophagous arthropods contains a group of active proteins to counteract host responses against injury and to facilitate the success of a bloodmeal. These salivary proteins have significant impacts on modulating pathogen transmission, immunogenicity expression, the establishment of infection, and even [...] Read more.
The saliva of hematophagous arthropods contains a group of active proteins to counteract host responses against injury and to facilitate the success of a bloodmeal. These salivary proteins have significant impacts on modulating pathogen transmission, immunogenicity expression, the establishment of infection, and even disease severity. Recent studies have shown that several salivary proteins are immunogenic and antibodies against them may block infection, thereby suggesting potential vaccine candidates. Here, we discuss the most relevant salivary proteins currently studied for their therapeutic potential as vaccine candidates or to control the transmission of human vector-borne pathogens and immune responses against different arthropod salivary proteins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus)
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9 pages, 516 KiB  
Review
Perspectives on New Vaccines against Arboviruses Using Insect-Specific Viruses as Platforms
by Valéria L. Carvalho and Maureen T. Long
Vaccines 2021, 9(3), 263; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030263 - 16 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2627
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are global pathogens circulating endemically with local explosive outbreaks and constant encroachment into new locations. Few vaccines against arboviruses exist; most for humans are in development or clinical trials. Insect-specific viruses (ISVs) offer a unique platform for expression of arbovirus [...] Read more.
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are global pathogens circulating endemically with local explosive outbreaks and constant encroachment into new locations. Few vaccines against arboviruses exist; most for humans are in development or clinical trials. Insect-specific viruses (ISVs) offer a unique platform for expression of arbovirus proteins, through the creation of ISV/arbovirus chimeras. Studies have shown promising results of these vaccines with several advantages over their wild-type counterparts. In this review, we discuss the current status of these potential vaccines using ISVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Arbovirus)
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