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Journals
Vaccines
Special Issues
Preventing Outbreak Through Vaccination
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Preventing Outbreak Through Vaccination

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology and Vaccination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 2027

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tianfeng He

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
Interests: prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases; epidemiology; data analysis and modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to explore the essential role of vaccination in interrupting the spread of infectious diseases and in preventing and controlling disease outbreaks. The research scope will encompass key areas, including the assessment of vaccine effectiveness and the durability of immunity, increasing high vaccination rates, evaluating the impact of herd immunity and epidemiological surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Tianfeng He
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vaccines
  • vaccination/preventive vaccination
  • disease outbreaks
  • epidemiological surveillance
  • infectious disease prevention and control

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 951 KB  
Article
Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine in Wuhan, China During the 2024–2025 Season: A Test-Negative Case–Control Study
by Pei Zhang, Xiaokun Yang and Banghua Chen
Vaccines 2026, 14(3), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14030243 - 6 Mar 2026
Viewed by 897
Abstract
Background: Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) provides an important indicator of vaccine performance under real-world conditions. However, evidence regarding influenza VE in Wuhan remains limited. This study applied a test-negative case–control design to estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination during the 2024–2025 influenza season [...] Read more.
Background: Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) provides an important indicator of vaccine performance under real-world conditions. However, evidence regarding influenza VE in Wuhan remains limited. This study applied a test-negative case–control design to estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination during the 2024–2025 influenza season in Wuhan. Methods: A test-negative case–control design was conducted among patients presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI) at outpatient and emergency departments of 41 healthcare institutions in Wuhan. All participants underwent influenza virus real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and were categorized as cases (RT-PCR positive) or controls (RT-PCR negative) based on laboratory results. Results: The analysis included 23,302 RT-PCR-confirmed influenza cases and 99,424 test-negative controls. The overall adjusted VE was 35% (95% CI: 30–40%). VE differed across age group, with higher estimates observed among adults aged 19–59 years (63%; 95% CI: 50–73%) and 60–69 years (60.7%; 95% CI: 46–72%), whereas lower effectiveness was observed among children aged 0.5–5 years (25%; 95% CI: 17–33%) and 6–18 years (25%; 95% CI: 14–36%). Similar protection was observed among individuals vaccinated in both the 2023–2024 and 2024–2025 seasons (42%; 95% CI: 28–54%) and those vaccinated in the 2024–2025 season only (40%; 95% CI: 36–45%), whereas VE was lower among individuals vaccinated only during the previous season (20%; 95% CI: 14–26%). VE also varied by vaccination timing, with the highest effectiveness observed among individuals vaccinated in November 2024 (46.1%; 95% CI: 36.4–54.6%). Conclusions: Influenza vaccination provided measurable protection during the 2024–2025 season in Wuhan. Greater protection was observed among individuals vaccinated in consecutive seasons or during the current season compared with those vaccinated only in the prior season. Vaccination administered in November was associated with the highest effectiveness, highlighting the importance of appropriate vaccination timing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventing Outbreak Through Vaccination)
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11 pages, 857 KB  
Article
Factors Associated with the Anamnestic Immune Response Following Hepatitis B Booster Vaccination in the Elderly
by Chen Wang, Yan Zou, Xiaofei Wang and Na Liu
Vaccines 2026, 14(2), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines14020111 - 23 Jan 2026
Viewed by 838
Abstract
Objective: To investigate factors influencing the anamnestic immune response 9 years after hepatitis B vaccination in elderly people (aged > 60 years). Methods: We quantitatively tested 630 elderly people who participated in the free hepatitis B vaccination program for adults in Zhangjiagang City [...] Read more.
Objective: To investigate factors influencing the anamnestic immune response 9 years after hepatitis B vaccination in elderly people (aged > 60 years). Methods: We quantitatively tested 630 elderly people who participated in the free hepatitis B vaccination program for adults in Zhangjiagang City during 2015 for hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) titers. Three booster doses of hepatitis B vaccine were given to subjects with anti-HBs titers below 10 mIU/mL, while a single booster dose was administered to those with titers between 10 and 100 mIU/mL, in accordance with their antibody titer measurements. The post-booster anti-HBs titers were evaluated at 2–3 months. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors influencing the anamnestic immune response, and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted. Results: Among the 90 participants who received three doses and the 101 participants who received one dose, baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the two cohorts. Both groups exhibited robust anamnestic immune responses. Significant differences were observed before and after booster vaccination within each group (Z = −8.24, p < 0.001; Z = −8.73, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that individuals with higher pre-booster anti-HBs titers were less likely to show weak anamnestic responses compared to those with lower pre-booster titers (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.16–0.58). Furthermore, a high anamnestic immune response (>1000 mIU/mL) was significantly more frequent among subjects with pre-booster titers ≥ 4.58 mIU/mL. Conclusions: Booster immunization administered nine years after hepatitis B vaccination induces robust anamnestic immunity, with its magnitude significantly correlated with pre-booster anti-HBs titers. Particular attention should be given to individuals with extremely low pre-booster anti-HBs levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventing Outbreak Through Vaccination)
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