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Vaccines
Special Issues
Factors Influencing Vaccine Uptake and Immunization Outcomes
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Factors Influencing Vaccine Uptake and Immunization Outcomes

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 917

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sitong Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: behaviors in preventing and controlling infectious diseases; vaccination epidemiology
Dr. Meiqi Xin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Interests: persuasive communication for promoting changes in health behavior; digital self-help interventions; psychosocial models of health/illness behaviors; primary healthcare
Dr. Zixin Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Interests: inter-disciplinary behavioral health research; mental health research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. It is a fundamental component of universal health coverage, contributing to the prevention of mortality and disease. Despite remarkable advances in vaccine development and distribution, disparities in immunization coverage remain persistent worldwide. Enhancing global vaccination coverage is crucial, particularly in the post-pandemic era, when vaccine hesitancy continues to raise public concern. Determinants associated with vaccine uptake and the subsequent outcomes of immunization are complex, covering biological, psychological, behavioral, socio-economic, and environmental aspects. Hence, it is essential to identify and understand these factors to develop and implement effective strategies and approaches that improve vaccine uptake and immunization coverage.

This Special Issue aims to explore the factors that shape vaccine uptake and their subsequent impact on individual and population-level immunity. We welcome contributions that are within the scope of Vaccines, including aspects of epidemiology, health policy, management, and immunology. By integrating global perspectives and insights, we aim to inform interventions that enhance vaccine uptake and reduce disparities in immunization coverage, thereby informing targeted strategies and approaches to close immunization gaps and strengthen pandemic preparedness on a global scale.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sitong Luo
Dr. Meiqi Xin
Dr. Zixin Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vaccination
  • vaccine uptake
  • immunization

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 512 KB  
Article
Vaccination Recommendation Patterns and Associated Factors Among Children with Special Health Care Needs: A Cross-Sectional Study in District-Level Immunization Services in China
by Chenglian Wang, Li Zhang, Binyue Xu, Xiaolan Fu, Li Fu, Bowen Li, Wang Ju, Qingyu Li and Sitong Luo
Vaccines 2025, 13(11), 1145; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13111145 - 7 Nov 2025
Viewed by 617
Abstract
Background: Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) are at heightened risk of delayed or missed vaccinations because of clinical complexity and provider uncertainty. Although China has issued expert consensus guidelines and established immunization advisory services, little is known about vaccination decision-making [...] Read more.
Background: Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) are at heightened risk of delayed or missed vaccinations because of clinical complexity and provider uncertainty. Although China has issued expert consensus guidelines and established immunization advisory services, little is known about vaccination decision-making within routine district-level immunization services. This study examined vaccination recommendation patterns and factors associated with deferral or non-recommendation among CSHCN in these settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 April 2023, and 31 March 2024, in Changshou District, Chongqing, China, encompassing 18 primary health centers, five general hospitals and one special hospital. Children aged 0–18 years identified by physicians as having conditions potentially affecting vaccination decisions and with at least one documented vaccination-related consultation were included. Clinical characteristics and physician recommendations (“recommended,” “temporarily deferred,” “not recommended”) were recorded via the national Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection (EDDC) system; subsequent vaccination uptake was verified using the Chongqing Immunization Information Management System. Logistic regression identified factors associated with deferral or non-recommendation. Results: A total of 761 participants were included in the analysis, with a median age of 12 months (IQR: 1–47). Among all vaccine-specific recommendations, 55.2% were classified as “recommended,” 43.4% as “temporarily deferred,” and 1.5% as “not recommended”. Deferral proportions varied markedly, highest in respiratory (73.6%) and immunologic (42.1%) conditions and lowest in neonatal disorders (4.0%). Compared with 0–6-month-olds, children aged 7–12 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.26, 95% CI 2.30–12.33) and >13 months (aOR = 13.48, 95% CI 6.69–28.34) were more likely to receive deferral or non-recommendation; multimorbidity also increased odds (aOR = 20.68, 95% CI 11.26–40.10). Consultations at primary health centers were associated with a lower likelihood of deferral or non-recommendation (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.15–0.45). Conclusion: Vaccination recommendations for CSHCN vary considerably across clinical profiles and facility types in routine immunization settings. Despite national initiatives, many vaccine doses remain deferred or not recommended. Disease-specific guidelines, enhanced provider training, and context-adapted decision-support tools are needed to promote timely and equitable immunization for this medically vulnerable population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Factors Influencing Vaccine Uptake and Immunization Outcomes)
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