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31 pages, 1735 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on the Evolution Characteristics of Policy System That Supports the Sustainability of Digital Economy: Text Analysis Based on China’s Digital Economy Policies

by Li Cai, Jianhua Xiao and Renxian Zuo

Sustainability 2025, 17(9), 3876; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093876 - 25 Apr 2025

Viewed by 508

Abstract

The high-quality and sustainable development of the digital economy cannot be achieved without the support of the policy system. The purpose of this article is to scientifically analyze the laws and characteristics of the policy system that supports the sustainability of the digital [...] Read more.

The high-quality and sustainable development of the digital economy cannot be achieved without the support of the policy system. The purpose of this article is to scientifically analyze the laws and characteristics of the policy system that supports the sustainability of the digital economy. Specifically, based on public policy theory, this article constructs an analytical framework of “policy objectives—policy tools—organizational management” and incorporates the “central-local” relationship with Chinese characteristics into the framework. Meanwhile, text analysis was used to quantitatively analyze 971 digital economy policies issued by the central and local governments in China from 2000 to 2022. Research shows that the central government of China has taken the lead in introducing digital economy policies, and local governments are able to respond quickly. The central government’s digital economy policy goals fluctuate and change, while local governments pay more stable attention to the digital product service industry. Both central and local governments widely use supply oriented policy tools and environmental-oriented policy tools, while demand-oriented policy tools are not widely applied. The vertical relationship between central and local data management agencies is still unclear, and the degree of cross departmental and cross regional cooperation is not high. Meanwhile, empirical analysis based on the two-way fixed effects model shows that technological innovation, R&D funding, and industrial structure have a significant impact on changes in digital economy policies. This article summarizes the characteristics of the evolution of digital economy policies in the Chinese context, providing policy design references for promoting the sustainability of the digital economy and methodological insights for policy research in other fields. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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21 pages, 272 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bridging the Literature Gap on eProcurement Systems: Insights from Saudi Arabia’s Sustainable Development Transition

by Basel Sultan, Ibrahim Alhammad, AlAnoud AlOthman and Ghayda AlSehli

Sustainability 2025, 17(8), 3429; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083429 - 11 Apr 2025

Viewed by 756

Abstract

This paper highlights the transition from traditional procurement systems to the newly introduced eProcurement system in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the differences and improvements and their implications for sustainable development. The new system aims to enhance transparency, clarify purchasing methodologies, and build trust with [...] Read more.

This paper highlights the transition from traditional procurement systems to the newly introduced eProcurement system in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the differences and improvements and their implications for sustainable development. The new system aims to enhance transparency, clarify purchasing methodologies, and build trust with the government through effective governance of government purchases and tender management. Guided by Royal Decree, this system aligns with the eProcurement Program to transition into digital processes for proficient bids and government purchases, contributing to more efficient and sustainable procurement practices. While some public agencies have attempted to adopt the new model contract for executing construction projects, it has faced challenges due to its lack of alignment with the best practices and sustainability considerations. The authors argue that many large projects remain exempt from this system, which poses obstacles to achieving the goals of sustainable economic development. The objective of this paper is to explore the newly revised Saudi procurement contracts in comparison with traditional public works contracts, with a focus on how they address socio-economic and environmental sustainability. The research provides an overview of various aspects related to public works contracts (PWCs) in Saudi Arabia, including framework agreements, online reverse auctions, industry localization, knowledge transfer, traditional lump sum contracts, two-phase tenders, and construction project competitions, analyzing their alignment with sustainable development goals. There is limited literature on recent models introduced by the Saudi government, but there are extensive resources on general contract law principles and international public policy. This foundation helps with understanding the legal aspects of public works contracts in Saudi Arabia, their alignment with international standards, and their implications for fostering sustainable development. By examining the literature, researchers can gain insights into the legal and policy framework governing public works contracts in Saudi Arabia and their role in promoting sustainability. The importance of this research lies in its comparative analysis, offering valuable insights into the evolution of procurement practices in Saudi Arabia and their contribution to sustainable socio-economic growth. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

16 pages, 1141 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digitally-Enabled Carbon Reduction in Plastics Supply Chain Based on Literature Review Method

by Changping Zhao, Bill Wang, Maliyamu Saidula, Yu Gong and Mohammed Alharithi

Sustainability 2025, 17(6), 2472; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062472 - 11 Mar 2025

Viewed by 664

Abstract

The issue of carbon emissions in the plastic supply chain has attracted global attention, and relevant countries have formulated and introduced economic policies and measures to reduce plastic carbon emissions. To solve this dilemma, some scholars have proposed the path of empowering the [...] Read more.

The issue of carbon emissions in the plastic supply chain has attracted global attention, and relevant countries have formulated and introduced economic policies and measures to reduce plastic carbon emissions. To solve this dilemma, some scholars have proposed the path of empowering the plastic supply chain through digital technology to achieve carbon reduction. However, there are few research results on the mechanism of digital technology empowering the carbon reduction of the plastic supply chain. This paper analyzes the results of carbon reduction research in digitally enabled supply chains through a bibliometric review method. Using the keywords of digitally enabled, plastic supply chain, and carbon footprint, the relevant literature of Web of Science was collected, and the research trends, keyword co-occurrence phenomena, and research hotspots were analyzed by VOSviewer. The findings of this study form six clusters of carbon reduction and digitalization research results in the plastic supply chain, from which we derive six future research directions in the field, such as “carbon emission reduction in the consumer side of the plastics supply chain”, “The development of digital industrialization of carbon emission reduction” etc. The contribution of this article lies in constructing a theoretical framework model for digital technology empowering carbon reduction in the plastic supply chain, which provides a theoretical basis for governments and plastic industry enterprises to promote carbon neutrality. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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31 pages, 1400 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Artificial Intelligence Technology and Regional Carbon Emission Performance: Does Energy Transition or Industrial Transformation Matter?

by Fang Qu and Wensen She

Sustainability 2025, 17(5), 1844; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051844 - 21 Feb 2025

Viewed by 657

Abstract

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technology on carbon emissions performance is considered to be a double-edged sword. The debate is aided by this paper’s use of data from 278 Chinese cities from 2009 to 2019 based on the two-way fixed effects, instrumental [...] Read more.

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technology on carbon emissions performance is considered to be a double-edged sword. The debate is aided by this paper’s use of data from 278 Chinese cities from 2009 to 2019 based on the two-way fixed effects, instrumental variables (IVs), spatial Durbin (SDM), mediation effect, and moderating effect model. We find that AI technology not only increases the carbon emission scale, but also has an undesirable impact on carbon emission efficiency, which indicates that the use of AI technology currently does not necessarily improve carbon emission performance. Moreover, AI technology does have the potential to reduce the carbon emission scale and improve carbon emission efficiency through energy transition, though this potential is not reflected in industrial transformation. Finally, the impact of AI technology on carbon emission performance is worsened by the energy industry’s investment, suggesting that current investments are not being used to enhance AI applications in the field of energy. This study shows that the role of energy transition is crucial if current AI technologies are to achieve a ‘decarbonization effect’, and that energy industry investments need to be focused on the penetration of AI technologies to realize its positive effect. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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34 pages, 4610 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Solutions in Tourism as a Way to Boost Sustainable Development: Evidence from a Transition Economy

by Anna Polukhina, Marina Sheresheva, Dmitry Napolskikh and Vladimir Lezhnin

Sustainability 2025, 17(3), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17030877 - 22 Jan 2025

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4150

Abstract

This paper examines the role of digital economy tools, including big data, mobile applications, e-commerce, and sharing economy platforms, in the sustainable development of the tourism sector. The focus is on studying how the digital economy tools can contribute to more efficient and [...] Read more.

This paper examines the role of digital economy tools, including big data, mobile applications, e-commerce, and sharing economy platforms, in the sustainable development of the tourism sector. The focus is on studying how the digital economy tools can contribute to more efficient and sustainable tourism services, to service quality improvement, to reducing the negative environmental impact, and thus increase the availability of tourism resources in local destinations. Using the example of the successful use of digital technologies in Russian regions, this paper discusses the introduction of online platforms for booking services, the use of mobile applications for navigation and obtaining information about tourist sites, as well as the use of digital tools for predicting consumer preferences. A systematic approach to the analysis of tourism services digitalization, based on a set of technical and functional–digital indicators, allowed us to evaluate the impact of the digitalization level on the local destination’s sustainable development in transition economy conditions. The proposed methodology for assessing and applying tourism services digitalization tools in Russian regions takes into account the transition economy specifics and aims to promote more sustainable practices. This study will add to the existing literature by defining both technical and functional criteria for the implementation of digital technologies as tools for the creation of new business models in tourism, and the development of a tourism services digitalization model, based on the assessment of the regional digitalization level, to ensure the movement towards achieving sustainable development goals in local destinations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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28 pages, 1058 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Economy and Low-Carbon Trade Competitiveness: A Multidimensional Analysis of China’s Manufacturing Sector

by Youshi He, Min Wang and Chuang Yuan

Sustainability 2025, 17(1), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010274 - 2 Jan 2025

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1193

Abstract

This study examines the mechanism of the digital economy on low-carbon trade competitiveness in China’s manufacturing sector using panel data from 30 provinces from 2011 to 2022, employing dynamic panel and moderated threshold model. The findings indicate that the digital economy significantly enhances [...] Read more.

This study examines the mechanism of the digital economy on low-carbon trade competitiveness in China’s manufacturing sector using panel data from 30 provinces from 2011 to 2022, employing dynamic panel and moderated threshold model. The findings indicate that the digital economy significantly enhances manufacturing low-carbon trade competitiveness. Although green patents contribute to the overall effect, they do not serve as the primary indirect pathway through which the digital economy impacts manufacturing low-carbon trade competitiveness. Among these patents, utility model patents demonstrate the strongest mediating effect, followed by invention patents, design patents, and green invention patents, while green utility model patents show a weaker and non-significant effect. Furthermore, the digital economy facilitates a low-carbon transition in energy consumption structures, indirectly boosting manufacturing low-carbon trade competitiveness. This study also uncovers heterogeneous moderating effects of environmental regulations: market-based and voluntary regulations positively moderate the relationship, while command-and-control regulations show non-significant moderation. Environmental regulation exhibits a ‘U-shaped’ non-linear moderating effect, transitioning from non-significant negative moderation below a threshold to significant positive moderation beyond a critical value. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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15 pages, 427 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of the Digital Economy on the Foreign Trade Competitiveness of Hunan Province in China

by Minglan Yuan, Hui Zhong, Zhijie Hao, Decai Tang and Eugene Ray Atsi

Sustainability 2025, 17(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010002 - 24 Dec 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1304

Abstract

With the evolution of the Internet, artificial intelligence, and other technologies, the era of the digital economy has quietly emerged. The digital economy’s growth is a major trend, and China is dedicated to building data power and strengthening foreign trade competitiveness (FTC). As [...] Read more.

With the evolution of the Internet, artificial intelligence, and other technologies, the era of the digital economy has quietly emerged. The digital economy’s growth is a major trend, and China is dedicated to building data power and strengthening foreign trade competitiveness (FTC). As an essential strategic region, Hunan Province should grasp the opportunities of the digital economy and constantly develop and increase its competitiveness. This research will explore the effect of Digital economy (DIG) on the FTC of Hunan Province. The study collected data from the region from 2013 to 2022 and Stata 17 software was applied to obtain the research outcomes. The findings indicate that DIG can significantly enhance the development of FTC in Hunan Province. This result remains consistent even after conducting robustness tests, showing its reliability. Furthermore, the positive impact is even more pronounced in urban agglomerations of major cities and larger areas. The paper’s main innovation lies in its focus on the Hunan Province region, which holds significant regional importance and plays a key role in enhancing China’s FTC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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15 pages, 617 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Saying Is Believing: How Do Digital Disclosure Anomalies Affect Corporate Innovation Efficiency

by Zhirui Zhang, Yi Fu, Xiaoyin Liang and Liang Jiang

Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11215; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411215 - 20 Dec 2024

Viewed by 819

Abstract

Digital transformation has become a new driving force for corporate development, widely embraced by managers. However, in the actual digital transformation process, some companies’ performances are characterized by “more talk, less action”. To measure the phenomenon, this paper innovatively constructs the Digital Disclosure [...] Read more.

Digital transformation has become a new driving force for corporate development, widely embraced by managers. However, in the actual digital transformation process, some companies’ performances are characterized by “more talk, less action”. To measure the phenomenon, this paper innovatively constructs the Digital Disclosure Anomaly (DDA) indicator using Chinese A-share listed companies’ data from 2013 to 2021 and examines the impact of DDA on corporate innovation efficiency by Saying is Believing theory. We find that DDAs show a long-term negative impact on corporate innovation efficiency. Our mechanism analysis suggests that DDAs reduce innovation efficiency through resource misallocation, which is driven by two mechanisms: the manager squandering effect and the inefficient investment effect. Our results suggest that DDAs are harmful for corporate innovation efficiency by the Saying is Believing (SIB) effect and corporate DDA behavior is detrimental to sustainability in digital economy development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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21 pages, 775 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Digital Economy on Urban Energy Efficiency in China

by Haoyuan Ma, Zhijiang Li, Rui Dong and Decai Tang

Sustainability 2024, 16(22), 10088; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162210088 - 19 Nov 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1142

Abstract

The digital economy (DE) is characterized by invention, low energy consumption, cross-sector integration, and open sharing. It can effectively enhance social production methods, influence consumer behavior, and provide new pathways to enhance total factor energy efficiency (TFEE). This paper studies 280 Chinese cities, [...] Read more.

The digital economy (DE) is characterized by invention, low energy consumption, cross-sector integration, and open sharing. It can effectively enhance social production methods, influence consumer behavior, and provide new pathways to enhance total factor energy efficiency (TFEE). This paper studies 280 Chinese cities, employing the entropy method and data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to evaluate and analyze urban DE and TFEE. It also constructs a system generalized method of moments model (SGMM model) and a threshold regression model (TR model) to examine the impact of the DE on TFEE in China. The main study findings include the following: (1) The regression results of the SGMM model indicate that the effect of DE on TFEE in Chinese cities shows a U-shaped trend. (2) The regression results of the TR model further confirm a U-shaped association connecting DE and TFEE, with the threshold estimated at 0.304. (3) The economic factors and industrial structure have a major impact on inhibiting the improvement of TFEE, whereas technological advancements and environmental regulations significantly facilitate its improvement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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21 pages, 2225 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Digitization on Economic Sustainable Growth in Shandong Province of China

by Ran Xu, Yeong-Gil Kim and Chenglei Liang

Sustainability 2024, 16(16), 6798; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16166798 - 8 Aug 2024

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1651

Abstract

In recent years, the digital economy has emerged as a widely debated economic topic, with China experiencing rapid development in this sector. As a pioneering region and microcosm of China’s economy, studying the impact of Shandong’s digitization level on economic development holds significant [...] Read more.

In recent years, the digital economy has emerged as a widely debated economic topic, with China experiencing rapid development in this sector. As a pioneering region and microcosm of China’s economy, studying the impact of Shandong’s digitization level on economic development holds significant academic and practical importance. Based on the annual panel data for the 17 cities of Shandong Province from 2001 to 2019, a digitization index (DI) is generated through the entropy weight method (EWM). Then, the effects of DI on GDP and total factor productivity (TFP) are empirically analyzed through various regression models, including fixed effect and spatial regression techniques. Results indicate that: (1) DI has a direct effect on TFP and an indirect effect on GDP; (2) regional differences are significant but minimal, with most concentrated effects being relatively large in recent periods; (3) negative spatial spillovers in both GDP and TFP are caused by negative spillovers in DI. It is recommended that local governments carefully consider the negative spillover effects of digital development when formulating digitization policies. While concentrating resources on advancing digitization in high-priority cities, equal emphasis should be placed on promoting the dissemination of digital products and services to surrounding areas. This approach is crucial for mitigating the risk of regional economic disparities caused by the potential siphoning effect of digital development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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19 pages, 294 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Digital Transformation Intensity and Its Relationship with Sustainability: Greek Managers’ Perspectives

by Antonios Kargas, Eleni C. Gkika and Anastasios Sepetis

Sustainability 2024, 16(14), 6077; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16146077 - 16 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1403

Abstract

The digital transformation process gained significant research interest in recent years especially related to achievements in sustainability goals. Even though there exists growing research regarding various aspects of digital transformation and sustainability procedures, a more detailed analysis is needed in different national environments. [...] Read more.

The digital transformation process gained significant research interest in recent years especially related to achievements in sustainability goals. Even though there exists growing research regarding various aspects of digital transformation and sustainability procedures, a more detailed analysis is needed in different national environments. The proposed study empirically analyzes the Greek managers’ perspective on the relationship between digital transformation intensity and sustainability practices implemented. Almost 156 Greek senior managers from various organizational sectors were interviewed, while a synthetic index already developed from previous studies was used. Results indicate that Greek companies do not fully exploit digital technologies to further develop their environmental practices. A digital transformation strategy contributes effectively to environmental strategies in the case of reducing emissions of waste and avoiding environmental accidents, while in the rest of the cases, emerging technologies play a less important role and not as a part of a holistic digital strategy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

25 pages, 2656 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Marketing Strategies and Profitability in the Agri-Food Industry: Resource Efficiency and Value Chains

by Nikos Kanellos, Panagiotis Karountzos, Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos, Marina C. Terzi and Damianos P. Sakas

Sustainability 2024, 16(14), 5889; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16145889 - 10 Jul 2024

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7440

Abstract

Agriculture is essential to any country’s economy. Agriculture is crucial not only for feeding a country’s population but also for its impact on other businesses. The paradox of agri-food companies generating substantial profits despite seemingly high product prices is explored in this article, [...] Read more.

Agriculture is essential to any country’s economy. Agriculture is crucial not only for feeding a country’s population but also for its impact on other businesses. The paradox of agri-food companies generating substantial profits despite seemingly high product prices is explored in this article, focusing on the role of digital marketing within the agri-food industry. Enhanced digital marketing performance leads to efficient advertising campaigns, through reduced advertising costs and increased resource efficiency. To do so, the authors collected web analytical data from five established agri-food firms with the highest market capitalization. Then, linear regression and correlation analyses were used, followed by the utilization of fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) modeling. The analysis revealed that increased traffic through search sources is associated with reduced advertising costs. Additionally, enhanced website engagement contributes to lower advertising expenses, emphasizing the optimization of the user experience. However, it has been discovered that allocating funds for social media advertising eventually results in higher expenses with higher website-abandoning rate. Ultimately, successful management of the balance between product costs and profitability in the agri-food sector lies on the increased use of search sources and greatly reducing the use of social media sources. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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28 pages, 3172 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Economic Dynamics of Desktop and Mobile Customer Analytics in Advancing Digital Branding Strategies: Insights from the Agri-Food Industry

by Nikos Kanellos, Marina C. Terzi, Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos, Panagiotis Karountzos and Damianos P. Sakas

Sustainability 2024, 16(14), 5845; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16145845 - 9 Jul 2024

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2192

Abstract

In the agri-food industry, strategic digital branding and digital marketing are essential for maintaining competitiveness. This study examines the economic dynamics and impact of desktop and mobile customer analytics on digital branding strategies within the sector. Through a comprehensive literature review, this research [...] Read more.

In the agri-food industry, strategic digital branding and digital marketing are essential for maintaining competitiveness. This study examines the economic dynamics and impact of desktop and mobile customer analytics on digital branding strategies within the sector. Through a comprehensive literature review, this research utilizes empirical evidence to validate hypotheses regarding the influence of desktop and mobile analytics metrics on key digital branding metrics and value creation. This study explores various branding indicators by utilizing descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, regression models, and fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM). The findings reveal significant correlations between desktop and mobile analytics and digital branding outcomes, underscoring the critical role of digital analytics and Decision Support Systems (DSSs) in shaping modern branding strategies in the agri-food industry. This study highlights the economic implications of desktop and mobile customer analytics on digital branding, providing insights to enhance market performance and foster sustainable growth in the agri-food sector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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20 pages, 258 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Transformation and Non-Financial Performance in Manufacturing

by Chenyu Dai and Jianwen Fang

Sustainability 2024, 16(12), 5099; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16125099 - 15 Jun 2024

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2724

Abstract

In the context of the digital economy era, can digital transformation promote the improvement of non-financial performance of manufacturing enterprises? Taking Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed manufacturing firms from 2012 to 2021 as instances, this paper decomposes non-financial performance from five dimensions: innovation [...] Read more.

In the context of the digital economy era, can digital transformation promote the improvement of non-financial performance of manufacturing enterprises? Taking Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed manufacturing firms from 2012 to 2021 as instances, this paper decomposes non-financial performance from five dimensions: innovation performance, ESG performance, working capital management performance, organizational resilience, and corporate market competitiveness, and examines the effects and mechanisms of the digital revolution on manufacturing companies’ non-financial performance via empirical analysis. The findings are as follows: (1) digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises plays a significant positive role in innovation performance, ESG performance, working capital management performance, organizational resilience, and corporate market competitiveness, and (2) digital transformation can promote the improvement of non-financial performance of manufacturing enterprises by improving the quality of internal control. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis results show that digital transformation contributes more to the non-financial performance of non-state-owned manufacturing enterprises. The study conclusion can provide experience for promoting the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises and driving high-quality economic development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

20 pages, 1232 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can the Digital Economy Outperform the Oil Economy in Terms of Achieving Human Development?

by Nashwa Mostafa Ali Mohamed, Kamilia Abd-Elhaleem Ahmed Frega and Jawaher Binsuwadan

Sustainability 2024, 16(12), 5028; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16125028 - 13 Jun 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1461

Abstract

The digital economy is reshaping the global economic landscape, with advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics, and virtual reality revolutionizing industries and transforming how people work and live. While the digital economy has promise in terms of improving human capital development, for example, through [...] Read more.

The digital economy is reshaping the global economic landscape, with advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics, and virtual reality revolutionizing industries and transforming how people work and live. While the digital economy has promise in terms of improving human capital development, for example, through increased access to education and healthcare services, it also presents challenges, such as job displacement and income inequality. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the digital economy on human development indicators in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, seeking to understand how it influences education, health, and income levels. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking to enhance the Kingdom’s position in the global human development race by examining the relationship between the digital economy and human development using econometric models. This paper analyzes data from the World Bank and the United Nations Development Program to measure the impact of the digital economy on sustainable human development indicators. The findings show that while the digital economy has negligible or negative influence on other human development indicators, it has a limited beneficial impact on education in the long run. In addition, attaining sustainable human development—which is consistent with Vision 2030—requires expanding the economy beyond the oil sector and fostering scientific and technological progress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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25 pages, 3157 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Digital Economy and Agricultural Modernization in China: Measurement, Mechanisms, and Implications

by Jie Guo and Jiahui Lyu

Sustainability 2024, 16(12), 4949; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16124949 - 9 Jun 2024

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3577

Abstract

Promoting the progression of agricultural modernization and digital economy integration has introduced new opportunities and challenges for the advancement of China’s agriculture towards high-quality development. Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, we use the entropy method, [...] Read more.

Promoting the progression of agricultural modernization and digital economy integration has introduced new opportunities and challenges for the advancement of China’s agriculture towards high-quality development. Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, we use the entropy method, coupling coordination model, spatial auto-correlation model, and obstacle model to explore the degree of coupling coordination and influencing factors of China’s digital economy and agricultural modernization. The results show the following. (1) China’s digital economy and agricultural modernization are underdeveloped on the whole, but they show a positive upward trajectory. The digital economy is outpacing the development of agricultural modernization, but the gap between the two is gradually narrowing. (2) The degree of coupling coordination between China’s digital economy and agricultural modernization shows an upward trend. Additionally, there is regional heterogeneity and uneven development of the coupling coordination, i.e., it is high in the eastern region and low in the western region, accompanied by strong spatial agglomeration and correlation. (3) The main obstacle to the progression of the digital economy is digital infrastructure, while the main obstacle to the progression of agricultural modernization is agricultural production capacity. Based on China’s national conditions, we should fully promote the role of the digital economy, explore plans and strategies for promoting the digital economy in differentiated areas, mitigate any imbalanced development, promote the coordinated development of the digital economy and agricultural modernization, and provide decision-making references for the implementation of a digitized China, as well as rural revitalization strategies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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21 pages, 798 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Transformation and Urban Green Development: Evidence from China’s Data Factor Marketization

by Honghe Li, Xiaotian Du, Xiang-Wu Yan and Ning Xu

Sustainability 2024, 16(11), 4511; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114511 - 26 May 2024

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3101

Abstract

Data are the core element of digital transformation. Data factor marketization (DFM) is critical in the process of digital transformation, which promotes urban green development. This paper analyzes the role of digitization in urban environmental sustainability. We investigate the effects of DFM on [...] Read more.

Data are the core element of digital transformation. Data factor marketization (DFM) is critical in the process of digital transformation, which promotes urban green development. This paper analyzes the role of digitization in urban environmental sustainability. We investigate the effects of DFM on environmental pollution (EP) using a difference-in-differences approach and data from 283 cities in China from 2006 to 2019. The findings reveal that cities implementing DFM demonstrate an average reduction in EP of 2.67%. The mechanism behind DFM lowering EP involves fostering green innovation, increasing public awareness of environmental issues, attracting IT professionals, optimizing the industrial structure, and enhancing digital finance capabilities. Large cities, cities in the south, and those not primarily dependent on natural resources exhibit a more pronounced reduction in EP through DFM. Implementing policies related to digital infrastructure and enhancing the protection of urban intellectual property rights further amplifies the effect of DFM in reducing pollution. Additionally, this effect exhibits spatial spillover effects. This study contributes to the existing literature by (1) demonstrating DFM’s role in improving urban environmental quality in China through digital technology and market mechanisms, thereby aligning economic growth with ecological sustainability; (2) emphasizing the importance of public engagement in environmental stewardship through increased awareness and community participation in policymaking, as well as fostering social inclusion and ecological conservation; (3) emphasizing spatial spillover effects, the importance of inter-city collaboration in environmental policies, and advocating for comprehensive strategies to achieve broader environmental improvements across urban areas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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17 pages, 446 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Does Farmers’ Cognition Enhance Their Enthusiasm for Adopting Sustainable Digital Agricultural Extension Services? Evidence from Rural China

by Tianzhi Gao, Qian Lu, Yiping Zhang and Hui Feng

Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3972; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103972 - 9 May 2024

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1895

Abstract

The service model of digital agricultural technology extension, as a novel and sustainable approach, plays a pivotal role in facilitating the digital transformation of farmers’ agricultural practices. Leveraging survey data from 1475 farmers in China, the study employed a multivariate ordered logit model [...] Read more.

The service model of digital agricultural technology extension, as a novel and sustainable approach, plays a pivotal role in facilitating the digital transformation of farmers’ agricultural practices. Leveraging survey data from 1475 farmers in China, the study employed a multivariate ordered logit model to investigate the relationship between farmers’ cognition and enthusiasm to adopt digital agricultural extension services. The findings revealed that subjective and objective cognitions positively influence farmers’ enthusiasm for adopting digital agricultural extension services. Furthermore, policy incentives, as a significant regulatory factor, effectively influence farmers’ cognition levels and enthusiasm to adopt digital agricultural extension services. Additionally, female respondents, farmers with higher educational levels, and membership in agricultural cooperatives all facilitate the adoption of these services. This study not only enriches the theoretical framework for agricultural technology promotion, aiding in the understanding of farmers’ decision-making processes when adopting digital agricultural extension services, but also provides a deeper insight into the role of digital agricultural technologies in promoting sustainable agricultural development, offering scientific evidence for relevant policy formulation and implementation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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22 pages, 1445 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Digital Literacy on the Phenomenon of Deviation between Farmers’ E-Commerce Sales Willingness and Behavior: Evidence from Rural China

by Yonghu Zhang and Yifeng Zhang

Sustainability 2024, 16(7), 3000; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16073000 - 3 Apr 2024

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4236

Abstract

E-commerce, as a prominent feature of the digital economy era, is highly expected to promote economic growth and sustainable development. Based on the 2020 “China Rural Revitalization Survey” data, this study empirically analyzed the impact and mechanism of digital literacy on the discrepancy [...] Read more.

E-commerce, as a prominent feature of the digital economy era, is highly expected to promote economic growth and sustainable development. Based on the 2020 “China Rural Revitalization Survey” data, this study empirically analyzed the impact and mechanism of digital literacy on the discrepancy between the willingness and behavior of farmers in e-commerce sales. Eleven indicator items were selected, and factor analysis was used to obtain the comprehensive score of digital literacy. Firstly, benchmark regression was performed using the probit model, and then potential endogeneity issues were addressed using the IV probit method and endogenous conversion probit model. The following main conclusions were drawn: Digital literacy has a suppressive effect on the deviation between the willingness and behavior of farmers in e-commerce sales. Farmers with media operation literacy, information acquisition literacy, digital transaction literacy, e-commerce cognitive literacy, and digital social literacy have a 12.3%, 18.3%, 26.2%, 37.5%, and 21.9% reduction in the probability of deviation between the willingness and behavior of farmers in e-commerce sales compared to those without these literacy counterfactual assumptions. Digital literacy helps curb the deviation between farmers’ willingness and behavior in e-commerce sales by facilitating their access to financial resources and agricultural production services. This study demonstrates that enhancing the digital literacy of farmers will promote their willingness to convert e-commerce sales into behavior, help promote sustainable agricultural products more efficiently, and make important contributions to economic growth and sustainable development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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15 pages, 1657 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Efficiency of Resource Utilization in EU-28 Countries through Eco-Innovation and Digital Inclusion

by Alexandra-Maria Constantin, Orlando-Marian Voica, Cătălin-Ionuț Silvestru, Vasilica-Cristina Icociu, Ramona-Camelia Silvestru and Andreea Grecu

Sustainability 2023, 15(24), 16924; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416924 - 18 Dec 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2218

Abstract

Innovation has been a historical driver for progress. The need for more effective resource utilization has ignited the presence of many innovations in the economic environment. Among others, digitalization and internet connectivity are important pillars of development. Our paper aims to provide a [...] Read more.

Innovation has been a historical driver for progress. The need for more effective resource utilization has ignited the presence of many innovations in the economic environment. Among others, digitalization and internet connectivity are important pillars of development. Our paper aims to provide a few insights related to the question “How can we increase the efficiency of resource utilization in EU-28 countries through Eco-Innovation and Digital Inclusion?” This paper examines the issue of innovation related to the use of natural resources (Eco-innovation) as a determining factor in resource consumption in societies with different levels of digital inclusion. Our analysis is based on clustering of EU-28 Member States using three variables: the degree of digital inclusion, the Eco-Innovation Index, and the degree of resource use. We expect digital inclusion to mediate the relationship between eco-innovation and resource utilization. Clustering might reveal how the Eco-Innovation Index, Digital Inclusion Level, and Resource Productivity Index differ among EU-28 Member States and provide relevant information for prioritization of resource allocation at the EU level. Our approach of clustering based on the three variables considered reveals that countries with a better economy present better performance from the point of view of Digital Inclusion in the context of Eco-Innovation and the use of resources. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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17 pages, 930 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Acceptance of Digital Transformation: Evidence from Romania

by Bogdan Rusu, Christiana Brigitte Sandu, Silvia Avasilcai and Irina David

Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15268; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115268 - 25 Oct 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3038

Abstract

The digital transformation (DT) implies designing products and services, to which digital technology is applied, that are adopted and used by customers. However, if people do not accept the new technologies embedded in the innovative products and services, DT will fail. Therefore, getting [...] Read more.

The digital transformation (DT) implies designing products and services, to which digital technology is applied, that are adopted and used by customers. However, if people do not accept the new technologies embedded in the innovative products and services, DT will fail. Therefore, getting to know the determinant factors that affect acceptance is necessary, especially during economic turmoil that requires companies to become even more competitive. Moreover, Romania is lagging behind in its digital progress. The aim of this research is to draw upon a previous study on successful DT, analyze personal and social acceptance factors, and empirically verify whether they would affect DT in Romania. We identified from the literature the main factors (behavioral and innovative characteristics) affecting the DT acceptance attitude and adapted the theoretical model to the Romanian context. The study collected data from 123 persons using an online questionnaire and applied a structural equation model to test the theoretical model. The empirical results emphasize that the acceptance attitude of DT is positively associated with individuals’ behavioral factors and innovative characteristics. Moreover, DT acceptance attitude positively impacts both personal and social acceptance of DT. This research provides both theoretical and empirical contributions by adapting the theoretical DT model and testing it for the Romanian context, using personal and social acceptance. These findings are important for managers and policy makers that seek to transform their organizations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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28 pages, 381 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impacts of the Sustainable Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce Pilot Zones on Regional Economic Growth

by Lifan Yang, Junhua Liu and Weixin Yang

Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13876; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813876 - 18 Sep 2023

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5231

Abstract

This paper evaluates the sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones and their impact on regional economic growth. A comprehensive performance evaluation system is constructed to assess the degree of sustainable development in the first five batches of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones in [...] Read more.

This paper evaluates the sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones and their impact on regional economic growth. A comprehensive performance evaluation system is constructed to assess the degree of sustainable development in the first five batches of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones in China between 2011 and 2020, which reveals significant regional differences and a clear “Matthew effect”. We also quantify the specific role of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones in promoting regional economic growth; specifically, we demonstrate that the level of sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones has a significant positive impact on regional economic growth and show that these effects vary according to regional distribution, city level, and the degree of sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones. On this basis, we explore the mechanism through which these factors influence one another and identify three main channels on which to focus for further development: industrial structure upgrades, institutional innovation, and consumption upgrades. Finally, based on empirical results, we propose differentiated policy suggestions for various regions and city levels through the provision of theoretical and practical support for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce pilot zones and the stable growth of regional economies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

18 pages, 797 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Does the Use of Digital Finance Affect Household Farmland Transfer-Out?

by Haibo Lei and Qin Su

Sustainability 2023, 15(16), 12103; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612103 - 8 Aug 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1794

Abstract

Digital finance offers opportunities for inclusive growth in rural areas. This study aims to clarify how digital financiers affect farmland transfer-out. Using the data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2015, this paper establishes Probit and Tobit models to empirically analyze the [...] Read more.

Digital finance offers opportunities for inclusive growth in rural areas. This study aims to clarify how digital financiers affect farmland transfer-out. Using the data from the China Household Finance Survey in 2015, this paper establishes Probit and Tobit models to empirically analyze the impact and mechanisms of digital finance on household farmland transfer-out. The study finds that digital financial use significantly increases the probability and proportion of farmland transfer-out and that this effect is greater among households with older heads and lower household per capita income and financial accessibility, suggesting that digital finance has an important role to play in reducing inequality and promoting inclusive growth. Further analysis reveals that off-farm employment and information channels are mediating mechanisms through which digital finance facilitates farmland transfer. Specifically, on the one hand, the financial function of digital finance increases the share of employment and entrepreneurship among rural households. In terms of industry and skill type, digital finance promotes the entry of farmers into tertiary employment, facilitates off-farm employment for low and medium-skilled farmers, and has no impact on the employment of high-skilled farmers. On the other hand, the information function accompanying digital finance broadens households’ access to information, both of which have a favorable effect on farmland transfer-out. This study provides new ideas for supporting agricultural land transfer from a digital finance perspective. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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Other

Jump to: Research

19 pages, 377 KiB

Open AccessEssay

Government Public Services and Regional Digital Transformation for Sustainable Development: An Innovation Ecosystem Perspective

by Siyi Pu, Yitong Ou and Ou Bai

Sustainability 2025, 17(12), 5314; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125314 - 9 Jun 2025

Viewed by 320

Abstract

Local governments have become key agents in advancing regional digital transformation in China. Drawing on a panel dataset of 30 provinces from 2009 to 2022, this study adopts an innovation ecosystem perspective. It explores how public service delivery interacts with market development, higher [...] Read more.

Local governments have become key agents in advancing regional digital transformation in China. Drawing on a panel dataset of 30 provinces from 2009 to 2022, this study adopts an innovation ecosystem perspective. It explores how public service delivery interacts with market development, higher education institutions, and social entrepreneurship to support sustainable digital development. The results show that local public services have a strong positive impact on digital transformation. This effect is even greater when supported by other ecosystem components. These findings highlight the value of system-level collaboration in promoting inclusive, resilient, and sustainable regional growth. Rather than introducing a new theory, this study provides practical, context-specific evidence on how local governments and innovation ecosystems work together to support China’s digital transformation and long-term sustainability goals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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45 pages, 3283 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Technological Innovations Shaping Sustainable Competitiveness—A Systematic Review

by Muntaser Hamdouna and Mariya Khmelyarchuk

Sustainability 2025, 17(5), 1953; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051953 - 25 Feb 2025

Viewed by 2935

Abstract

The concept of sustainable competitiveness is becoming increasingly relevant, as it combines the investigation of the factors that determine the competitive advantages of economic entities, as well as management strategies that ensure economic and environmental efficiency in the face of modern global requirements [...] Read more.

The concept of sustainable competitiveness is becoming increasingly relevant, as it combines the investigation of the factors that determine the competitive advantages of economic entities, as well as management strategies that ensure economic and environmental efficiency in the face of modern global requirements and challenges. The main hypothesis of the research is that technological innovations are key determinants of the sustainable competitiveness of economic entities, increase their resilience to various challenges and threats, and therefore contribute to sustainable competitiveness in the long run. Accordingly, the object of the research is a comprehensive science literature review at the intersection of the issues of competitiveness, technological innovations, and sustainable development using the Scopus database and PRISMA statement in order to substantiate the importance of technological innovation in ensuring sustainable competitiveness. The scientific research pinpoints three key questions shaping the scientific discussion: Are technological innovations key determinants of sustainable competitiveness? How do advanced technologies contribute across sectors? What strategies and measures stimulate sustainable competitiveness? By answering the research questions based on the methodology of nonempirical systematic scientific analysis, this review article provides scientific and practical insights for businesses and policymakers aiming to harness technological advancements to sustain their business in the long run. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Economy and Sustainable Development)

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