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New Approaches for Services and Information Delivery over Novel Vehicular Networks

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensor Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 16418

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Arturo Azcorra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda de la Universidad, 30, E-28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain
Interests: virtualized networks; 5G systems; Connected Industry 4.0
Dr. Francisco Valera

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Telematic Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
Interests: UAV; drones; 5G; NFV; resource management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Iván Vidal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda de la Universidad, 30, E-28911 Leganes, Madrid, Spain
Interests: NFV; UAV; drones; multimedia networking; network security
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Miguel Luís

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, P-1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações, Campus de Santiago, P-3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: vehicular networks; opportunistic radio networks; routing protocols; medium access control; network performance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a consequence of the improvement in the performance of onboard devices, the improvement in batteries, or the notorious increase in service demands, autonomous vehicles (such as unmanned aerial or ground vehicles, UAV, or UGV) have turned out to be flexible multi-mission multi-sensorized network platforms with autonomous inter-connection capabilities. They can be linked using multi-hop networks naturally evolving the traditional concept of MANETs (mobile ad hoc networks) into FANETs (flying mobile ad hoc networks) or VANETs (vehicular mobile ad hoc networks), with new requirements and challenges.

On top of these interconnection facilities, new enabling technologies, such as NFV or SDN, are evolving towards flexible service provisioning scenarios, where virtualization and softwarization paradigms have been radically adopted, and new promising use-cases are emerging day in and day out, facilitating service and information delivery in many different areas over heterogeneous networking environments.

Reviews, original research articles, and practical experiences will be published. Reviews should provide an up-to-date, well-balanced overview of the current state-of-the-art, and include the main results from different research groups.

We look forward to, and welcome, your participation in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Arturo Azcorra
Prof. Dr. Francisco Valera
Prof. Dr. Iván Vidal
Dr. Miguel Luís
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
  • Drones
  • Mobile/vehicular/flying ad hoc networks (MANET/VANET/FANET)
  • Network functions virtualization (NFV)
  • Software defined networking (SDN)
  • Internet of things (IoT)
  • Data-centric approaches, e.g., the data distribution service (DDS)
  • Application/transport/network layer protocols in MANET, VANET, and FANET environments
  • Enablers for lightweight virtual network functions

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 2916 KiB  
Article
Using Aerial and Vehicular NFV Infrastructures to Agilely Create Vertical Services
by Borja Nogales, Miguel Silva, Ivan Vidal, Miguel Luís, Francisco Valera, Susana Sargento and Arturo Azcorra
Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1342; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041342 - 13 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3432
Abstract
5G communications have become an enabler for the creation of new and more complex networking scenarios, bringing together different vertical ecosystems. Such behavior has been fostered by the network function virtualization (NFV) concept, where the orchestration and virtualization capabilities allow the possibility of [...] Read more.
5G communications have become an enabler for the creation of new and more complex networking scenarios, bringing together different vertical ecosystems. Such behavior has been fostered by the network function virtualization (NFV) concept, where the orchestration and virtualization capabilities allow the possibility of dynamically supplying network resources according to its needs. Nevertheless, the integration and performance of heterogeneous network environments, each one supported by a different provider, and with specific characteristics and requirements, in a single NFV framework is not straightforward. In this work we propose an NFV-based framework capable of supporting the flexible, cost-effective deployment of vertical services, through the integration of two distinguished mobile environments and their networks: small sized unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs), supporting a flying ad hoc network (FANET) and vehicles, promoting a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). In this context, a use case involving the public safety vertical will be used as an illustrative example to showcase the potential of this framework. This work also includes the technical implementation details of the framework proposed, allowing to analyse and discuss the delays on the network services deployment process. The results show that the deployment times can be significantly reduced through a distributed VNF configuration function based on the publish–subscribe model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches for Services and Information Delivery over Novel Vehicular Networks)
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26 pages, 1743 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Memetic Algorithm for the Node Location Problem in Local Positioning Systems
by Javier Díez-González, Paula Verde, Rubén Ferrero-Guillén, Rubén Álvarez and Hilde Pérez
Sensors 2020, 20(19), 5475; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195475 - 24 Sep 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3422
Abstract
Local Positioning Systems (LPS) have shown excellent performance for applications that demand high accuracy. They rely on ad-hoc node deployments which fit the environment characteristics in order to reduce the system uncertainties. The obtainment of competitive results through these systems requires the solution [...] Read more.
Local Positioning Systems (LPS) have shown excellent performance for applications that demand high accuracy. They rely on ad-hoc node deployments which fit the environment characteristics in order to reduce the system uncertainties. The obtainment of competitive results through these systems requires the solution of the Node Location Problem (finding the optimal cartesian coordinates of the architecture sensors). This problem has been assigned as NP-Hard, therefore a heuristic solution is recommended for addressing this complex problem. Genetic Algorithms (GA) have shown an excellent trade-off between diversification and intensification in the literature. However, in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) environments in which there is not continuity in the fitness function evaluation of a particular node distribution among contiguous solutions, challenges arise for the GA during the exploration of new potential regions of the space of solutions. Consequently, in this paper, we first propose a Hybrid GA with a combination of the GA operators in the evolutionary process for the Node Location Problem. Later, we introduce a Memetic Algorithm (MA) with a Local Search (LS) strategy for exploring the most different individuals of the population in search of improving the previous results. Finally, we combine the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (HGA) and Memetic Algorithm (MA), designing an enhanced novel methodology for solving the Node Location Problem, a Hybrid Memetic Algorithm (HMA). Results show that the HMA proposed in this article outperforms all of the individual configurations presented and attains an improvement of 14.2% in accuracy for the Node Location Problem solution in the scenario of simulations with regards to the previous GA optimizations of the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches for Services and Information Delivery over Novel Vehicular Networks)
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32 pages, 4774 KiB  
Article
PPS: Energy-Aware Grid-Based Coverage Path Planning for UAVs Using Area Partitioning in the Presence of NFZs
by Alia Ghaddar, Ahmad Merei and Enrico Natalizio
Sensors 2020, 20(13), 3742; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20133742 - 3 Jul 2020
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 5067
Abstract
Area monitoring and surveillance are some of the main applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks. The scientific problem that arises from this application concerns the way the area must be covered to fulfill the mission requirements. One of the main challenges is [...] Read more.
Area monitoring and surveillance are some of the main applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks. The scientific problem that arises from this application concerns the way the area must be covered to fulfill the mission requirements. One of the main challenges is to determine the paths for the UAVs that optimize the usage of resources while minimizing the mission time. Different approaches rely on area partitioning strategies. Depending on the size and complexity of the area to monitor, it is possible to decompose it exactly or approximately. This paper proposes a partitioning method called Parallel Partitioning along a Side (PPS). In the proposed method, grid-mapping and grid-subdivision of the area, as well as area partitioning are performed to plan the UAVs path. An extra challenge, also tackled in this work, is the presence of non-flying zones (NFZs). These zones are areas that UAVs must not cover or pass over it. The proposal is extensively evaluated, in comparison with existing approaches, to show that it enables UAVs to plan paths with minimum energy consumption, number of turns and completion time while at the same time increases the quality of coverage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches for Services and Information Delivery over Novel Vehicular Networks)
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18 pages, 569 KiB  
Article
Cluster-Based Control Plane Messages Management in Software-Defined Flying Ad-Hoc Network
by Pedro Cumino, Kaled Maciel, Thaís Tavares, Helder Oliveira, Denis Rosário and Eduardo Cerqueira
Sensors 2020, 20(1), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010067 - 21 Dec 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3535
Abstract
Collaboration between multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to establish a Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANET) is a growing trend since future applications claim for more autonomous and rapidly deployable systems. In this context, Software-Defined Networking FANET (SDN-FANET ) separates the control and data plane [...] Read more.
Collaboration between multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to establish a Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANET) is a growing trend since future applications claim for more autonomous and rapidly deployable systems. In this context, Software-Defined Networking FANET (SDN-FANET ) separates the control and data plane and provides network programmability, which considers a centralized controller to perform all FANET control functions based on global UAV context information, such as UAV positions, movement trajectories, residual energy, and others. However, control message dissemination in an SDN-FANET with low overhead and high performance is not a trivial task due to FANET particular characteristics, i.e., high mobility, failures in UAV to UAV communication, and short communication range. With this in mind, it is essential to predict UAV information for control message dissemination as well as consider hierarchical network architecture, reducing bandwidth consumption and signaling overhead. In this article, we present a Cluster-bAsed control Plane messages management in sOftware-defined flying ad-hoc NEtwork, called CAPONE. Based on UAV contextual information, the controller can predict UAV information without control message transmission. In addition, CAPONE divides the FANET into groups by computing the number of clusters using the Gap statistics method, which is input for a Fuzzy C-means method to determine the group leader and members. In this way, CAPONE reduces the bandwidth consumption and signaling overhead, while guaranteeing the control message delivering in FANET scenarios. Extensive simulations are used to show the gains of the CAPONE in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio, overhead, and energy compared to existing SDN-FANET architectures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Approaches for Services and Information Delivery over Novel Vehicular Networks)
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