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Advances in Wearable Inertial and EMG Sensors for Movement Quality Analysis in Sports Science and Rehabilitation

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Wearables".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2026 | Viewed by 3689

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of General and Specific Didactics, Universitat d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
Interests: quality movement analysis; EMG analysis; motion real-time biofeedback; rehabilitation tech; therapeutic exercise

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General and Specific Didactics, Universitat d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
Interests: quality movement analysis; EMG analysis; motion real-time biofeedback; rehabilitation tech; therapeutic exercise

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advancements in wearable inertial sensors (IMUs) have significantly expanded our ability to monitor and improve human movement across various contexts. These devices allow for precise, real-time motion tracking that goes beyond the use of traditional metrics such as step count or calorie burn, focusing instead on the quality of movement and biomechanical patterns. Moreover, emerging research is increasingly integrating surface electromyography (EMG) to assess muscle activation patterns during motion. This complementary approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of motor control by linking biomechanical data with neuromuscular responses. Wearable IMUs, often used in conjunction with EMG, hold promise in enhancing athletic performance, preventing injuries, and supporting rehabilitation through biofeedback mechanisms. Their applications are not only relevant to elite or amateur athletes but also extend to the general population and individuals with specific needs, such as the elderly, children, and those with spinal or musculoskeletal disorders or other health conditions.

This Special Issue invites original research, reviews, and case studies that explore the use of wearable IMU technology—alone or integrated with EMG—for improving movement quality and health outcomes. We aim to cover a wide range of potential topics, including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Motion control and biofeedback in sports performance.
  • Wearable sensor applications in injury prevention and rehabilitation.
  • Biofeedback systems for managing lower back pain and other spinal or musculoskeletal disorders.
  • Innovations in sensor technology and integrative approaches combining IMUs and EMG for comprehensive motion analysis.
  • IMU-based interventions to enhance quality of life in different populations.

Dr. Miguel García-Jaén
Dr. Gema Sanchis-Soler
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wearable sensors
  • inertial measurement units (IMUs)
  • electromyography (EMG)
  • motion analysis
  • biofeedback
  • rehabilitation
  • injury prevention
  • sports science
  • spinal health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2109 KB  
Article
Assessment of a Passive Exoskeleton for Neck and Lower Back Support: A Task Study on Muscle Activity and User Perceived Exertion
by Niromand Jasimi Zindashti, Negar Riahi, Linda Miller, Mahdi Tavakoli, Hossein Rouhani and Ali Golabchi
Sensors 2026, 26(4), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26041354 - 20 Feb 2026
Viewed by 750
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the neck and back, are prevalent across various professions, stemming from prolonged static postures and awkward neck flexions. This study investigated the efficacy of a passive exoskeleton, designed to alleviate musculoskeletal neck and back strain, in a simulated neck [...] Read more.
Musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the neck and back, are prevalent across various professions, stemming from prolonged static postures and awkward neck flexions. This study investigated the efficacy of a passive exoskeleton, designed to alleviate musculoskeletal neck and back strain, in a simulated neck flexion task. Ten participants performed tasks involving neck flexion at angles of 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60°, both with and without the exoskeleton. Additionally, the impact of using a headlight was evaluated at a 45° neck flexion angle. Wearable electromyography sensors were used to quantify muscle activity as an indicator of neuromuscular loading, while subjective discomfort was assessed using the Rate of Perceived Exertion scale, and endurance times were recorded. The results demonstrated significant reductions in neck and lower back muscle activity (median values up to 31.0%) and perceived discomfort (median values up to 50.0%), with the most improvements at 30° and 45° neck flexion angles. Participants reported 50% higher endurance time when using the exoskeleton. Minimal benefits were observed at 15° flexion, likely due to reduced musculoskeletal demand at this angle. These findings highlight the potential of exoskeletons as an ergonomic intervention to mitigate neck and back strain in occupations where high degrees of neck flexion are prevalent. Full article
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21 pages, 2944 KB  
Article
Detection of Gait Events Using Ear-Worn IMUs During Functional Movement Tasks
by Terry Fawden, Iwan Vaughan Roberts, Sarah Goldin, Yash Sharma, Henry Dunne, Thomas Stone and Manohar Bance
Sensors 2025, 25(12), 3629; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25123629 - 9 Jun 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2124
Abstract
Complex walking tasks such as turning or walking with head movements are frequently used to assess dysfunction in an individual’s vestibular, nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Compared to other methods, wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) allow quantitative analysis of these tasks in less restricted [...] Read more.
Complex walking tasks such as turning or walking with head movements are frequently used to assess dysfunction in an individual’s vestibular, nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Compared to other methods, wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) allow quantitative analysis of these tasks in less restricted settings, allowing for a more scalable clinical measurement tool with better ecological validity. This study investigates the use of ear-worn IMUs to identify gait events during complex walking tasks, having collected data on 68 participants with a diverse range of ages and movement-related conditions. The performance of an existing gait event detection algorithm was compared with a new one designed to be more robust to lateral head movements. Our analysis suggests that while both algorithms achieve high initial contact sensitivity across all walking tasks, our new algorithm attains higher terminal contact sensitivity for turning and walking with horizontal head turns, resulting in more accurate estimates of stance and swing times. This provides scope to enable more detailed assessment of complex walking tasks during clinical testing and in daily life settings. Full article
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