Remote Sensing of Wave Fields under Extreme Weather Conditions (in Tropical and Extra-Tropical Cyclones and Polar Lows)

Dear Colleagues,

Tropical cyclones (TCs), including Mediterranean hurricanes, are well-known natural disasters that pose enormous threats to coastal activities and human living, generating abnormal waves, strong winds, rainfall, storm surges, and flooding. Polar lows (PLs), less-intense analogs of TCs, also pose potential threats to developing coastal activities and shipping in the Arctic, as well as impacting the growing ice-free Arctic areas. The TC-generated surface currents and waves have significant impacts on the ocean's upper layer, being the cause of baroclinic movements, vertical mixing, and thermocline erosion. The air–sea interaction processes and surface fluxes are also strongly affected by intense wave breaking and spray under extreme weather conditions.

Any significant progress in the modeling of TC/PL dynamics and waves and relating the air–sea interaction process under TC/PL require extensive in situ and remote-sensing observations. The latter is the most effective way to provide data on atmospheric and ocean parameters in extreme conditions using and combining microwave and optical measurements from different instruments and platforms including satellites and aircraft.

This open access Special Issue invites high-quality and innovative scientific papers focusing on the remote sensing of surface waves, ocean surfaces, and air–sea interaction processes under TC/PL. The potential topics include but are not limited to:

• Methods and algorithms for measurements and retrieval of the governing surface parameters, wind velocity, surface fluxes, wind waves and wave breaking, surface currents, SSH-SST and SSS anomalies, and upper ocean color changes under TC/PL using satellite microwave and optical data. The combined use of passive and radar data as well as data of new satellite missions, e.g., CFOSAT, is welcomed.
• Specific features of wind waves and swell fields and their dependence on the wind speed, radius and translation velocity of TC/PL derived from the synergetic analysis of satellite data and modelling.
• Short wind waves, wave breaking and spray under TC/PL; physics, modeling, laboratory experiments, and implementation in radar scattering and microwave emission models.
• The combined analysis of TC/PL-induced SSH-SST-SSS anomalies, upper ocean color changes (wakes), and surface currents using satellite and in situ observations and modeling. 

Dr. Vladimir A. Dulov
Dr. Bertrand Chapron
Prof. Dr. Vladimir N. Kudryavtsev
Guest Editors

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