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Advances in Deep Learning Approaches: UAV Data Analysis

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 3657

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, University of Eastern Finland, 80130 Joensuu, Finland
Interests: remote-sensing; photogrammetry; 3D vision; deep learning; image processing; computer vision
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Remote sensing is a powerful tool that can be used to monitor and analyze physical characteristics of the Earth without direct human intervention,  leveraging technologies such as satellites and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to gather data about land use, vegetation health and weather patterns. UAVs are particularly valuable in remote sensing due to their ability to capture high-resolution imagery from various altitudes, providing unique advantages over traditional satellite imagery.

The application of deep learning approaches in UAV image analysis represents a significant advancement in the field. Deep learning, with its multi-layered neural networks, excels in identifying complex patterns within data, making it highly effective for tasks such as image segmentation, classification, and object detection. When applied to UAV images, these techniques can enhance accuracy and efficiency, offering transformative benefits across various applications.

However, the unique challenges associated with UAV data must be acknowledged. These include variations in the type of sensor used, the resolution, and environmental factors such as weather conditions, which can impact the quality of images. Addressing these challenges is crucial for maximizing the potential utilization of deep learning in UAV image analysis.

This Special Issue focuses on novel deep learning approaches that have been designed specifically for UAV image analysis. By introducing innovative methodologies and applications, this research aims to overcome existing limitations and demonstrate how deep learning can revolutionize remote sensing tasks. The implications of this research extend beyond technical improvements, offering enhanced decision-making capabilities in agriculture, disaster response, surveillance, and more.

This Special Issue seeks to highlight advancements in deep learning techniques that are tailored to UAV data, addressing challenges such as a high data volume, spectral variability, and environmental impact. By promoting cross-disciplinary collaboration between computer vision experts, remote sensing professionals, photogrammetrists, and other scientists, this research aims to foster a deeper understanding of how deep learning can transform UAV-based remote sensing applications.

In summary, this Special Issue underscores the significance of novel deep learning approaches in advancing UAV image analysis. By addressing unique challenges and demonstrating innovative applications, this Special Issue contributes to the broader field of remote sensing, offering practical solutions that enhance efficiency and accuracy in various real-world scenarios.

This Special Issue aims to compile novel research on deep learning that employs UAVs as data-capturing platforms. We have no limitation on the sensorial configuration of the UAVs; therefore, we welcome research on a wide range of sensors, including RGB cameras, Lidars, GNSS, IMU, and hyper-spectral cameras. Research can also address various challenges related to the employment of deep learning approaches for the analysis of UAVs as data collectors. The scope of this Special Issue also includes the comparison of deep learning approaches to state-of-art model development to address specific classification/regression problems.

  1. Original research articles that address the employment of UAVs in forest science, or any article that addresses a challenge related to this topic.
  2. Literature reviews concerning the application of UAVs in forest science.

Dr. Ehsan Khoramshahi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • UAV
  • deep learning
  • 3D reconstruction
  • real-time analysis
  • convolutional neural network
  • precision agriculture
  • urban mapping
  • forest science
  • vision transformer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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28 pages, 11793 KiB  
Article
Unsupervised Multimodal UAV Image Registration via Style Transfer and Cascade Network
by Xiaoye Bi, Rongkai Qie, Chengyang Tao, Zhaoxiang Zhang and Yuelei Xu
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(13), 2160; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17132160 - 24 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 337
Abstract
Cross-modal image registration for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms presents significant challenges due to large-scale deformations, distinct imaging mechanisms, and pronounced modality discrepancies. This paper proposes a novel multi-scale cascaded registration network based on style transfer that achieves superior performance: up to 67% [...] Read more.
Cross-modal image registration for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms presents significant challenges due to large-scale deformations, distinct imaging mechanisms, and pronounced modality discrepancies. This paper proposes a novel multi-scale cascaded registration network based on style transfer that achieves superior performance: up to 67% reduction in mean squared error (from 0.0106 to 0.0068), 9.27% enhancement in normalized cross-correlation, 26% improvement in local normalized cross-correlation, and 8% increase in mutual information compared to state-of-the-art methods. The architecture integrates a cross-modal style transfer network (CSTNet) that transforms visible images into pseudo-infrared representations to unify modality characteristics, and a multi-scale cascaded registration network (MCRNet) that performs progressive spatial alignment across multiple resolution scales using diffeomorphic deformation modeling to ensure smooth and invertible transformations. A self-supervised learning paradigm based on image reconstruction eliminates reliance on manually annotated data while maintaining registration accuracy through synthetic deformation generation. Extensive experiments on the LLVIP dataset demonstrate the method’s robustness under challenging conditions involving large-scale transformations, with ablation studies confirming that style transfer contributes 28% MSE improvement and diffeomorphic registration prevents 10.6% performance degradation. The proposed approach provides a robust solution for cross-modal image registration in dynamic UAV environments, offering significant implications for downstream applications such as target detection, tracking, and surveillance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Deep Learning Approaches: UAV Data Analysis)
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Review

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27 pages, 1802 KiB  
Review
A Taxonomy of Sensors, Calibration and Computational Methods, and Applications of Mobile Mapping Systems: A Comprehensive Review
by Ehsan Khoramshahi, Somayeh Nezami, Petri Pellikka, Eija Honkavaara, Yuwei Chen and Ayman Habib
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(9), 1502; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17091502 - 24 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Innovative geospatial solutions are necessary to tackle complex environmental challenges. Mobile mapping systems (MMSs) are such key innovations emerging in this effort. MMSs, with a wide range of applications, significantly impact our increasingly developed data collection technologies by enhancing our understanding of the [...] Read more.
Innovative geospatial solutions are necessary to tackle complex environmental challenges. Mobile mapping systems (MMSs) are such key innovations emerging in this effort. MMSs, with a wide range of applications, significantly impact our increasingly developed data collection technologies by enhancing our understanding of the environment, enabling us to create more detailed models of natural resources, and optimizing the way we live on Earth. In this paper, we present and analyze recent advancements in MMS technologies, focusing on computational and modeling aspects, as well as the latest state-of-the-art sensor, hardware, and software developments. Special attention is given to the trends observed over the past decade, supported by a review of foundational literature. Finally, we outline our vision for the future of MMS, offering insights into the potential for further research and the exciting possibilities that lie ahead in this rapidly evolving field of science and technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Deep Learning Approaches: UAV Data Analysis)
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