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GRACE Data Assimilation for Understanding the Earth System

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Earth Observation Data".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 920

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Water Engineering and Management, School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Interests: satellite gravimetry; remote sensing; data assimilation; land surface and hydrology modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: satellite gravimetry; mass transport; data processing

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Guest Editor
Geodesy and Earth Observation Group, Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
Interests: satellite gravity; satellite altimetry; satellite remote-sensing data assimilation; calibration; inversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the launch of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission in 2002, satellite gravimetry has become the primary tool to use in studying mass transport in the Earth’s system at the global and regional scales. Data from GRACE and its successor, GRACE Follow-On (GFO) mission, have substantially contributed to the quantification of various mass transport processes at the Earth’s surface and in the Earth’s interior. An asset of the GRACE/GFO missions is their ability to provide accurate estimates of mass anomalies, with errors being almost uncorrelated in the time domain. However, the spatial and temporal resolution of GRACE-/GFO-based estimates is limited. On the other hand, geophysical models of various processes in the Earth’s system may offer a much higher spatial and temporal resolution, but typically suffer from systematic errors in the obtained estimates. These errors may be caused, among other issues, by the imperfect calibration of the model parameters and an accumulation of noise in the course of the integration of fluxes into the time domain. Thus, the assimilation of GRACE/GFO data into a geophysical model can be considered a powerful tool for maximizing the synergy of these two sources of information.

Authors may submit both full-length papers and shorter notes. The manuscripts may focus on any GRACE/GFO applications area, such as hydrology, oceanography, atmosphere, cryosphere and solid Earth studies. Manuscripts addressing theoretical aspects of GRACE/GFO data assimilation are welcome as well. Any types of GRACE-/GFO-based input data may be exploited, such as mass anomalies, spherical harmonic coefficients or inter-satellite ranging data. Simultaneous assimilation of GRACE/GFO and other data in a joint or multivariate data assimilation framework is encouraged. The goals of the data assimilation can also be diverse, e.g., an improvement of model parameters (model calibration), improved model forcing, an improvement of model states, as well as a combination of them. Both hindcast and forecast applications are of interest. A clear demonstration of the added value of a GRACE/GFO data assimilation will be particularly appreciated.

Dr. Natthachet Tangdamrongsub
Dr. Pavel G. Ditmar
Prof. Dr. Ehsan Forootan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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26 pages, 5148 KiB  
Article
Monsoon-Based Linear Regression Analysis for Filling Data Gaps in Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Satellite Observations
by Hussein A. Mohasseb, Wenbin Shen and Jiashuang Jiao
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(8), 1424; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081424 - 17 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Over the past two decades, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission and its successor, GRACE-follow on (GRACE-FO), have played a vital role in climate research. However, the absence of certain observations during and between these missions has presented a persistent [...] Read more.
Over the past two decades, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission and its successor, GRACE-follow on (GRACE-FO), have played a vital role in climate research. However, the absence of certain observations during and between these missions has presented a persistent challenge. Despite numerous studies attempting to address this issue with mathematical and statistical methods, no definitive optimal approach has been established. This study introduces a practical solution using Linear Regression Analysis (LRA) to overcome data gaps in both GRACE data types—mascon and spherical harmonic coefficients (SHCs). The proposed methodology is tailored to monsoon patterns and demonstrates efficacy in filling data gaps. To validate the approach, a global analysis was conducted across eight basins, monitoring changes in total water storage (TWS) using the technique. The results were compared with various geodetic products, including data from the Swarm mission, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation (IGG), Quantum Frontiers (QF), and Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) coefficients. Artificial data gaps were introduced within GRACE observations for further validation. This research highlights the effectiveness of the monsoon method in comparison to other gap-filling approaches, showing a strong similarity between gap-filling results and GRACE’s SHCs, with an absolute relative error approaching zero. In the mascon approach, the coefficient of determination (R2) exceeded 91% for all months. This study offers a readily usable gap-filling product—SHCs and smoothed gridded observations—with accurate error estimates. These resources are now accessible for a wide range of applications, providing a valuable tool for the scientific community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue GRACE Data Assimilation for Understanding the Earth System)
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21 pages, 6989 KiB  
Article
Assessing Groundwater Sustainability in the Arabian Peninsula and Its Impact on Gravity Fields through Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Measurements
by Hussein A. Mohasseb, Wenbin Shen, Hussein A. Abd-Elmotaal and Jiashuang Jiao
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(8), 1381; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081381 - 13 Apr 2024
Viewed by 437
Abstract
This study addresses the imperative to comprehend gravity shifts resulting from groundwater storage (GWS) variations in the Arabian Peninsula. Despite the critical importance of water resource sustainability and its relationship with gravity, limited research emphasizes the need for expanded exploration. The investigation explores [...] Read more.
This study addresses the imperative to comprehend gravity shifts resulting from groundwater storage (GWS) variations in the Arabian Peninsula. Despite the critical importance of water resource sustainability and its relationship with gravity, limited research emphasizes the need for expanded exploration. The investigation explores the impact of GWS extraction on the gravity field, utilizing Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) data in addition to validation using the WaterGAP Global Hydrology Model (WGHM). Spanning April 2002 to June 2023, this study predicts GWS trends over the next decade using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model. The comprehensive time-series analysis reveals a significant GRACE-derived groundwater storage (GWS) trend of approximately −4.90 ± 0.32 mm/year during the study period. This trend has a notable impact on the gravity anomaly (GA) values, as observed through the decomposition analysis. The projected GWS indicates a depletion rate of 14.51 km3/year over the next decade. The correlation between GWS and GA is substantial at 0.80, while the GA and rainfall correlation is negligible due to low precipitation rates. Employing multiple linear regression explains 80.61% of the variance in gravity anomaly due to GWS, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. This study investigates climate change factors—precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration—providing a holistic understanding of the forces shaping GWS variations. Precipitation and evapotranspiration exhibit nearly equal values, limiting GWS replenishment opportunities. This research holds significance in studying extensive GWS withdrawal in the Arabian Peninsula, particularly concerning crust mass stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue GRACE Data Assimilation for Understanding the Earth System)
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