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Processes
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Heat and Mass Transfer Optimization in Efficient Energy Conversion and...
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Heat and Mass Transfer Optimization in Efficient Energy Conversion and Thermal Management

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1351

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alvaro Antonio Villa Ochoa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, IFPE, Recife, Pernambuco. CEP 50740-545, Brazil
Interests: thermal analysis; heat and mass transfer; polygeneration; biofuels; sustainable energy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gustavo De Novaes Pires Leite

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DACT/CACTR, IFPE - Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Pernambuco, Campus Recife, 50000-000, Brazil
Interests: refrigeration; HVAC; wind turbine; anomaly detection; reliability; vibration; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. José Ângelo Peixoto Da Costa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DACT/CACTR, IFPE Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Pernambuco, Campus Recife 50000-000, Brazil
Interests: heat and mass transfer; CFD simulations; polygeneration; numerical simulation; solar and wind energies; vibration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, titled “Heat and Mass Transfer Optimization in Efficient Energy Conversion and Thermal Management”, addresses advanced methods and technologies to improve the performance, reliability, and sustainability of thermal systems. In this context, efficient heat and mass transfer is essential across various sectors, such as power generation, electronic equipment cooling, automotive systems, and renewable energy applications. It highlights theoretical and experimental investigations that contribute to optimizing energy conversion processes through advanced thermal management techniques. Topics of interest include innovative heat exchanger designs, phase change materials, nanofluids, passive and active cooling strategies, CFD-based analyses, and multiscale modeling approaches. Moreover, it also emphasizes the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and optimization algorithms to enhance the control and prediction of thermal behavior. Therefore, the core objective is to address current challenges in reducing energy consumption, increasing thermal efficiency, and promoting environmental sustainability in modern energy systems. Finally, this Special Issue aims to serve as a platform for exchanging innovative ideas and practical solution proposals targeting the complex challenges of thermal engineering.

Prof. Dr. Alvaro Antonio Villa Ochoa
Dr. Gustavo De Novaes Pires Leite
Dr. José Ângelo Peixoto Da Costa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heat transfer enhancement
  • heat and mass transfer optimization
  • thermal management systems
  • energy conversion efficiency
  • heat exchangers
  • phase change materials
  • nanofluids
  • passive and active cooling
  • advanced thermal system modeling
  • machine learning in thermal engineering

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 468 KB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of a Ship Waste Heat-Driven Freshwater Production System Based on Rotary Dehumidification and Seawater Condensation
by Guanghai Yang, Defeng Ding, Ziwen Zhu, Guojie Zheng and Shilong Jiao
Processes 2026, 14(4), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14040666 - 14 Feb 2026
Viewed by 462
Abstract
This study evaluates integrated shipboard freshwater production and fresh air pretreatment on a 20,000 TEU-class container vessel, addressing its freshwater demand and the inefficient recovery of exhaust waste heat from the main engine. The system integrates rotary dehumidification, seawater condensation, and water purification. [...] Read more.
This study evaluates integrated shipboard freshwater production and fresh air pretreatment on a 20,000 TEU-class container vessel, addressing its freshwater demand and the inefficient recovery of exhaust waste heat from the main engine. The system integrates rotary dehumidification, seawater condensation, and water purification. A theoretical model was developed to evaluate the system performance, incorporating design, thermodynamic modeling, parameter optimization, and adaptability analyses under various operating conditions. The results indicate that under optimal conditions (seawater at 25 °C, outlet temperature difference of 2 °C), the single-stage system is predicted to produce approximately 1.45 m3 of freshwater per day, meeting 20.7% of the vessel’s freshwater requirement. The auxiliary electrical energy consumption, estimated based on standard engineering correlations, is 1–1.5 kWh/m3, representing a 70–80% reduction compared to conventional reverse osmosis systems (3–6 kWh/m3). The sensitivity coefficient for seawater temperature was −0.334, whereas that for output temperature was −0.167. A two-stage series configuration has the potential to further improve the demand satisfaction rate to 41–61%. Overall, the proposed system enables the cascade utilization of ship waste heat and functional integration of air pretreatment and freshwater production, offering a promising auxiliary engineering solution for energy conservation, emission reduction, and onboard freshwater self-sufficiency in marine applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat and Mass Transfer Optimization in Efficient Energy Conversion and Thermal Management)
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23 pages, 1506 KB  
Article
Exergoeconomic Assessment of a Cogeneration Unit Using Biogas
by Ana Lívia Formiga Leite de Lima, Carlos Antônio Cabral dos Santos, Alvaro Antonio Villa Ochoa, Daniel Rodríguez López, Paula Suemy Arruda Michima, José Ângelo Peixoto da Costa and Gustavo de Novaes Pires Leite
Processes 2026, 14(1), 134; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14010134 - 30 Dec 2025
Viewed by 441
Abstract
Biogas, a promising fuel for present and future generations, is produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste generated by the condominium itself. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the exergoeconomic performance of a biogas cogeneration unit designed to meet the electrical and [...] Read more.
Biogas, a promising fuel for present and future generations, is produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste generated by the condominium itself. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the exergoeconomic performance of a biogas cogeneration unit designed to meet the electrical and thermal energy demands of a residential condominium in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Northeast Brazil. The cogeneration unit consists of an internal combustion engine (ICE) coupled to an electric generator (genset) to produce electricity, and a heat exchanger that recovers part of the exhaust-gas heat to heat water. The analysis was conducted based on the concepts of Thermodynamics and Exergoeconomics, using the SPECO (Specific Exergy Costing) methodology to define the exergetic costs of the system. The novelty of the work lies in applying the SPECO exergoeconomic analysis to a small-scale biogas cogeneration unit fueled by residential organic waste. The achieved electricity production was 167.40 kW, and the heat transfer rate at the exchange rate was 51.55 kW. The results revealed that the exergy destroyed in the internal combustion chamber (ICE) was 223.65 kW, whereas that in the heat exchanger was significantly higher at 45.67 kW. The exergy efficiency of the ICE reached 39.19%, and the heat exchanger efficiency was around 9%. In financial terms, the cost of exergy destroyed in the ICEC was USD/h 135, but in the heat exchanger, it was dramatically higher at USD/h 158.40. The cost of producing hot water (product) was considered extremely high (USD/GJ 38.98). The relative difference parameter in the heat exchanger also has a value much higher than expected (10.240). This is because the product’s cost (USD/GJ 38.98) is well above the cost of fuel (USD/GJ 3.468). This study concludes that the cogeneration unit is more justifiable by the savings generated through thermal energy production than by electricity production alone, since the cogeneration system significantly enhances performance, raising both the energetic and exergetic efficiencies to 55% and 48%, respectively, thereby confirming the added value of the simultaneous utilization of heat and power. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat and Mass Transfer Optimization in Efficient Energy Conversion and Thermal Management)
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