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Orchid Diversity in Mediterranean-Type Climate Regions in the World
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Orchid Diversity in Mediterranean-Type Climate Regions in the World

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 655

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Robert Philipp Wagensommer

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Viale Ratisbona 16, 39042 Bressanone, Italy
Interests: vascular flora; taxonomy; systematics; vegetation; phytosociology; threatened plant taxa; nature conservation; red listing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessio Turco

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39042 Brixen-Bressanone, Italy
Interests: plant biosystematics; cytogenetics; conservation of mediterranean flora; orchidaceae
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Pietro Medagli

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Guest Editor
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, 73100 Lecce, LE, Italy
Interests: conservation; plants; red listing; threatened species; vascular flora; vegetation; karyology; mediterranean orchids

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Plants focuses on the fascinating diversity of orchids in regions with Mediterranean-type climates, which are renowned for their unique flora and high levels of endemism. The Orchidaceae family is a diverse group of plants and one of the most abundant among angiosperms, with over 28,000 species and 763 genera. Many of these species are endemic to small areas and are considered rare and endangered. Orchids also play diverse and ecologically significant roles in these ecosystems, of which they are often considered good bioindicators. This Special Issue aims to explore various aspects of orchid biology, including taxonomy, cytogenetics, conservation, hybridization, and ecological interactions, with a particular emphasis on threatened species and their conservation status.

We invite contributions that address the following themes:

  • Orchid diversity, distribution, and endemism in Mediterranean-type climates;
  • Cytogenetic and evolutionary studies of orchid species;
  • Conservation strategies for threatened orchids and their habitats;
  • Ecological roles and interactions of orchids in Mediterranean ecosystems.

We welcome original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that contribute to advancing our understanding of orchid diversity and conservation in Mediterranean-type climates.

Dr. Robert Philipp Wagensommer
Dr. Alessio Turco
Prof. Pietro Medagli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • orchid diversity
  • cytogenetic
  • evolutionary
  • Mediterranean-type climates
  • ecological
  • hybridization
  • conservation
  • Mediterranean ecosystems

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 1187 KB  
Review
Overview of Cytogenetics in the Subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidaceae) in the Mediterranean Region
by Alessio Turco, Robert Philipp Wagensommer, Antonella Albano, Pietro Medagli, Enrico Vito Perrino and Saverio D’Emerico
Plants 2026, 15(9), 1361; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15091361 - 29 Apr 2026
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Abstract
In the Mediterranean region, for over 150 species belonging to the subtribe Orchidinae, chromosome number has been documented and found to range from 2n = 32 to 2n = 42. This work renews and updates chromosome numbers and reports a karyomorphological comparison between [...] Read more.
In the Mediterranean region, for over 150 species belonging to the subtribe Orchidinae, chromosome number has been documented and found to range from 2n = 32 to 2n = 42. This work renews and updates chromosome numbers and reports a karyomorphological comparison between species with 32 or 36 chromosomes and species with 40 or 42 chromosomes. Notably, in the 32,36-chromosome group, species within the genus Anacamptis s.l. show substantially similar karyomorphology, although some species exhibit differences in chromosome structure and heterochromatin distribution. In contrast, in the 40,42-chromosome group, the chromosomes are comparatively smaller and therefore difficult to sort into karyotypes when standard staining techniques are used. However, the two groups display distinct heterochromatin patterns, particularly in centromeric and telomeric regions. Given the growing body of information in this field, a review of current cytogenetic knowledge is warranted. In this report, the authors present classical and molecular cytogenetic data and highlight important aspects of karyotypic evolution in Orchidinae. Traditional karyotypic analysis, based on stained mitotic chromosomes, can be used to distinguish and identify taxonomic groups. Karyomorphometric studies in particular reveal subtle differences between closely related chromosome sets within Orchidinae. Furthermore, wide variation among genera in terms of heterochromatin content was observed. Further comparative data between the two above-mentioned groups are summarized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orchid Diversity in Mediterranean-Type Climate Regions in the World)
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