Molecular Regulation of Flower and Fruit Development and Functional Analysis of Key Genes in Fruit Trees

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 574

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Tropical Horticultural Crops, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan, China
Interests: floral induction; floral regulation mechanisms
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flower and fruit development represent some of the most critical processes in pomological research. These processes are jointly regulated by multiple genes and environmental factors and directly determine key agronomic traits of fruit trees, including flowering time, fruiting rate, fruit yield, and fruit quality. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology technologies such as multi-omics and gene editing, researchers have gradually uncovered the molecular regulatory networks of flower bud differentiation, fruit development, quality formation, ripening, and senescence, and continuously deepened the understanding of the functional characteristics of key genes, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the genetic improvement of fruit trees and the innovation of cultivation techniques.

This Special Issue will focus on the molecular regulation of flower and fruit development and functional analysis of key genes in fruit trees, focusing on collecting cutting-edge research achievements in related fields and paying special attention to the innovative research directions closely related to industrial development. Specifically, it includes functional identification of key genes involved in flower bud differentiation, flower organ development, fruit setting, fruit development, quality formation, ripening, and senescence, as well as the application of gene editing, epigenetic regulation, multi-omics integration analysis, and molecular markers in fruit tree breeding. It aims to provide new ideas and technical support for solving major industrial problems, such as unstable flowering, low fruiting rate, poor fruit quality, and short shelf life faced by the global fruit tree industry.

We sincerely invite agronomists, pomologists, molecular biologists, and other related researchers engaged in fruit tree research to submit original research articles and reviews to this Special Issue, share breakthrough achievements in the fields of molecular regulation and genetic improvement of fruit tree flower and fruit development, and jointly promote the innovation and sustainable development of the global fruit tree industry.

Prof. Dr. Hongna Zhang
Dr. Minjie Qian
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • flower bud differentiation
  • flower organ development
  • fruit setting
  • fruit development
  • fruit quality
  • ripening and senescence
  • gene editing
  • epigenetic regulation
  • multi-omics integration analysis
  • molecular markers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 7201 KB  
Article
PsAAT3 Drives Ester Accumulation and Fruity Aroma Formation During Ripening in Chinese Plum (Prunus salicina) Through Integrated Volatile Profiling and Transcriptomics
by Wenqian Zhao, Sujuan Liu, Siyu Li, Gaigai Du, Longji Li, Danfeng Bai, Gaopu Zhu, Shaobin Yang, Fangdong Li, Taishan Li and Haifang Hu
Plants 2026, 15(8), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15081144 - 8 Apr 2026
Viewed by 353
Abstract
Fruit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key determinants of plum flavor quality, and esters contribute strongly to the fruity aroma of ripe fruit. However, the molecular basis of cultivar differences in ester formation during ripening has not been systematically clarified. Here, we characterized [...] Read more.
Fruit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key determinants of plum flavor quality, and esters contribute strongly to the fruity aroma of ripe fruit. However, the molecular basis of cultivar differences in ester formation during ripening has not been systematically clarified. Here, we characterized pulp VOC profiles across ripening in three Chinese plum (Prunus salicina) cultivars (‘WeiWang’ (WW), ‘WeiDi’ (WD), and ‘KongLongDan’ (KLD)) and integrated transcriptome analysis with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify genes associated with ester accumulation. HS-SPME-GC-MS identified 38 VOCs, mainly esters, aldehydes, and alcohols, with ‘WW’ showing the highest total VOC abundance. During ripening, esters became the predominant volatile class in ‘WW’ and ‘WD’, in agreement with their fruity sensory characteristics, whereas ‘KLD’ maintained a more balanced composition of fruity and green-related volatiles. Transcriptomic analyses highlighted Prunus salicina alcohol acyltransferase 3 (PsAAT3) as the most abundant AAT transcript in pulp and strongly induced in ‘WW’. Transient overexpression of PsAAT3 in the low-ester background increased butyl acetate and hexyl acetate by 4.8- and 2.2-fold, respectively. WGCNA further identified ester-associated modules and candidate transcription factors co-expressed with PsAAT3 (JA2L, HY5, NAC073, and PHL13). As a result, this study identifies PsAAT3 as a key determinant of high-ester aroma in Chinese plum and provide candidate targets for aroma improvement and flavor-oriented breeding. Full article
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