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Photonics
Special Issues
Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques
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Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 8919

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luis M. G. Abegão

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás (IF/UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
Interests: photonic devices and techniques; linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy; agriphotonics; radiological photonics; quantum-chemical calculations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sophisticated devices are deeply embedded in our daily life, and most use the science and technology of light, i.e., photonics, as a working principle. Photonics is no longer a future technology, but several novel photonic devices are on the verge of being created and manufactured. Therefore, it is essential to reveal future photonic technologies and devices to scholars and everyone else to reduce the gap between academia and the general society. The open-access publishing concept has already made the first step to shortening this gap. However, the gap between public and scholarly communities is still enormous, and it is time for all of us, editors, reviewers, and authors, to make an effort to reduce it. Therefore, we would like to encourage all the authors interested in publishing experimental and theoretical (simulation) research related to novel photonics devices and techniques to add a section in which they describe in detail the basic physical principles of their work. Such a section aims to reduce the gap between academia and general society. This Special Edition welcomes all works regarding prototype designs, analysis, results, and numerical simulations that point out novel photonic devices or techniques with the potential to be used in science, industry, or daily life.

Undoubtedly, photonics is a multidisciplinary science, and therefore transversal to many research and technological fields. Consequently, this Special Edition invites original research articles and perspectives from interdisciplinary research fields, with a focus on topics including, but not limited to, the study, design, and development of novel photonic devices that could be applied to:

  • Agroindustry (plant production, plant protection, food processing, food analysis, sensing techniques, optical spectroscopy breakthroughs, animals, etc.);
  • Environment (soil and water pollution sensors, fire detection systems, etc.);
  • Medical and biological fields (novel photonic techniques, sensors, etc.)
  • Materials and process design (innovative materials for light sources, nonlinear optics, etc.);
  • Additive manufacturing (novel photonics materials to be used in 3D Printing);
  • Domotics (security, comfort, convenience, energy efficiency sensors, etc.);
  • The automotive industry (safety, comfort, convenience, energy efficiency sensors, etc.);
  • The aeronautic industry (safety, comfort, convenience, energy efficiency sensors, etc.);
  • The radiological field (industrial dosimetry, medical dosimetry, etc.);
  • Optical spectroscopic studies (linear and nonlinear optics with potential to develop new photonic devices or techniques);
  • Any other scientific or industrial subject related to an innovative photonic device or technique and its potential application.

Dr. Luis M. G. Abegão
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photonic sensors
  • photonic techniques
  • photonic prototypes
  • experimental studies
  • theoretical studies (computational modeling and simulations)

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 8022 KiB  
Communication
Relative Humidity Optical Sensor Based on Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticles Covered with Nafion
by Yevgeniy Sgibnev, Peter Tananaev, Artem Shelaev, Georgiy Yankovskii and Alexander Baryshev
Photonics 2023, 10(9), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10090975 - 25 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 657
Abstract
The detection of humidity plays a vital role in healthcare, industrial, and scientific areas, and the development of an ideal sensor is in continuous progress. In this work, a relative humidity (RH) optical sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance of self-assembled gold [...] Read more.
The detection of humidity plays a vital role in healthcare, industrial, and scientific areas, and the development of an ideal sensor is in continuous progress. In this work, a relative humidity (RH) optical sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance of self-assembled gold nanoparticles formed by thermal dewetting and coated with Nafion fluoropolymer is under study. Sensor performance has been found to substantially depend on Nafion layer thickness. The best sensing element—an array of gold nanoparticles covered with a 300 nm-thick Nafion—has been shown to possess a linear response in a wide dynamic range of 0–85% RH with a limit of detection down to 0.12%. Thus, a simple and low-cost method for high-accuracy RH detection has been demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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12 pages, 2812 KiB  
Article
New Biocompatible Technique Based on the Use of a Laser to Control the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci
by Antonia Zaidem, Lucas Silva, Amanda Ferreira, Matheus Carvalho, Mirco Ragni, Luis Abegão and Patricia Pinheiro
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 636; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060636 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1132
Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is among the most important agricultural pests in the world and one of the world’s top 10 most invasive insect pests. Bemisia tabaci is associated with severe yield and quality losses, mainly due to the transmission of plant viruses, [...] Read more.
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is among the most important agricultural pests in the world and one of the world’s top 10 most invasive insect pests. Bemisia tabaci is associated with severe yield and quality losses, mainly due to the transmission of plant viruses, as in the case of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Reducing insecticide applications is a research priority, e.g., developing innovative and clean tools such as electromagnetic waves. The present work aims to determine the effective parameters of laser to reduce the Bemisia tabaci population in common beans. Preliminary assays were conducted by manually irradiating continuous-wave laser beams with different wavelengths (444 nm, 527 nm, and 640 nm) and optical intensities directly on the insects. Among these, the most effective wavelength was 444 nm. Later, we repeated the experiments using a homemade automated system to control the exposure time (t1 = 1 s, t2 = 2 s, t3 = 3 s and t4 = 4 s) of whiteflies to the incident beam at different optical intensities (I1 ≈ 10 Wcm−2, I2 ≈ 4 Wcm−2, I3 ≈ 2 Wcm−2). We have achieved 100% insect mortality by irradiating 454 nm laser wavelength on the 3rd instar nymphs of Bemisia tabaci, with the following parameters: I1(t1), I2(t3) and I3(t4). Moreover, the laser irradiation test did not affect plant yield and development, revealing that our preliminary results present a photonic technique that could control whiteflies without harming the plants’ development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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19 pages, 6209 KiB  
Article
Nonlinear Optical Materials: Predicting the First-Order Molecular Hyperpolarizability of Organic Molecular Structures
by Francisco A. Santos, Carlos E. R. Cardoso, José J. Rodrigues, Jr., Leonardo De Boni and Luis M. G. Abegão
Photonics 2023, 10(5), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050545 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1774
Abstract
Experimental nonlinear optics (NLO) is usually expensive due to the high-end photonics and electronic devices needed to perform experiments such as incoherent second harmonic generation in liquid phase, multi-photon absorption, and excitation. Nevertheless, exploring NLO responses of organic and inorganic compounds has already [...] Read more.
Experimental nonlinear optics (NLO) is usually expensive due to the high-end photonics and electronic devices needed to perform experiments such as incoherent second harmonic generation in liquid phase, multi-photon absorption, and excitation. Nevertheless, exploring NLO responses of organic and inorganic compounds has already opened a world of new possibilities. For example, NLO switches, NLO frequency converters, and a new way to obtain biological images through the incoherent second harmonic generation (SHG) originate from first-order molecular hyperpolarizability (β). The microscopic effect of the coherent or incoherent SHG is, in fact, the β. Therefore, estimating β without using expensive photonic facilities will optimize time- and cost-efficiency to predict if a specific molecular structure can generate light with double its incident frequency. In this work, we have simulated the β values of 27 organic compounds applying density functional theory (PBE0, TPSSh, wB97XD, B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, and M06-2X) and Hartree–Fock methods using the Gaussian software package. The predicted β was compared with the experimental analogs obtained by the well-known Hyper–Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) technique. The most reliable functionals were CAM-B3LYP and M06-2X, with an unsigned average error of around 25%. Moreover, we have developed post-processing software—Hyper-QCC, providing an effortless, fast, and reliable way to analyze the Gaussian output files. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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15 pages, 2573 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Thermometric Performance of Inorganic Materials Doped with Nd3+ under Infrared LED Excitation: An Alternative for Deep Tissue Luminescent Thermometry
by André S. Laia, Daniela A. Hora, Marcos V. dos S. Rezende, Maria A. Gomes, Antônio C. Brandão-Silva, Marcos A. C. dos Santos, Noelio O. Dantas, Anielle C. A. Silva, José J. Rodrigues, Jr., Mário E. G. Valerio, Zélia S. Macedo and Márcio A. R. C. Alencar
Photonics 2023, 10(5), 485; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050485 - 23 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1337
Abstract
Luminescent thermometers based on the luminescence intensity ratio between two thermally coupled levels have a strong appeal in the biomedical area due to the possibility of monitoring the temperature of deep tissues. In such procedures, it is necessary that the excitation and emission [...] Read more.
Luminescent thermometers based on the luminescence intensity ratio between two thermally coupled levels have a strong appeal in the biomedical area due to the possibility of monitoring the temperature of deep tissues. In such procedures, it is necessary that the excitation and emission wavelengths are within the biological windows. Probes based on neodymium luminescence, with excitation and emission around 800 and 880 nm, are frequently proposed but have low relative sensitivity (0.2%.K−1) due to the small energy separation between the explored Stark sublevels. By changing the excitation wavelength to around 750 nm, it is possible to explore the thermal coupling between the 4F5/2 and 4F3/2 levels. However, lasers in this wavelength range are not common. An alternative is to use LEDs as an excitation source. As a proof of concept, we investigated the thermometric performance of three distinct Nd-doped luminescent probes under 730 nm LED excitation and 532 nm laser excitation: nanocrystalline Y2O3, LiBaPO4 microcrystals, and lithium-boron-aluminum (LBA) glass. The results indicated that the use of LEDs as an excitation source can be applied in nano-, micro- and macro-structured probes, as it does not compromise the thermometric performance of the systems, which exhibited relative sensitivities of approximately 2%.K−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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12 pages, 1952 KiB  
Communication
An Alternative Method to Determine the Quantum Yield of the Excited Triplet State Using Laser Flash Photolysis
by Iouri Evgenievitch Borissevitch, Eli Silveira-Alves, Jr., Claudio Gabriel Lemos Almeida, Guilherme Rocha Lino Souza, Svyatoslav Sergeevich Sokolov and Pablo José Gonçalves
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 409; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040409 - 06 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1179
Abstract
The excited triplet state of a molecule (T1) is one of the principal intermediate products in various photochemical processes due to its high reactivity and relatively long lifetime. The T1 quantum yield (φT) is one of the [...] Read more.
The excited triplet state of a molecule (T1) is one of the principal intermediate products in various photochemical processes due to its high reactivity and relatively long lifetime. The T1 quantum yield (φT) is one of the most important characteristics in the study of photochemical reactions. It is of special interest to determine the φT of various photoactive compounds (photosensitizer, PS) used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is an effective medical technique for the treatment of serious diseases, such as cancer and bacterial, fungal and viral infections. This technique is based on the introduction of a PS to a patient’s organism and its further excitation by visible light, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) via electron or energy transfer from the PS T1 state to the biological substrate or molecular oxygen. Therefore, information on the φT value is fundamental in the search for new and effective PSs. There are various experimental methods to determine φT values; however, these methods demonstrate a high discrepancy between φT values. This stimulates the analysis of various factors that can affect the determined φT. In this study, we analyze the effect of the intensity profile of the exciting laser pulse on the calculation of the φT value obtained by the Laser Flash Photolysis technique. The φT values were determined by analyzing the variation of a sample transient absorption in the function of the exciting laser pulse intensity, in combination with the spectral and kinetic PS characteristics obtained in nonlinear optical experiments by solving the rate equations of a five-level-energy diagram. Well-studied PSs: meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl) (TPPS4) porphyrins, its zinc complex (ZnTPPS4) and the zinc complex of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) (ZnTMPyP) were chosen as test compounds to evaluate the proposed model. The φT values were determined through a comparison with the φT,TMPyP = 0.82 of meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) (TMPyP), used as a standard. The obtained results (φT,TPPS4=0.75±0.02, φT,ZnTMPyP=0.90±0.03), and φT,ZnTPPS4=0.89±0.03) are highly compatible with the medium φT values obtained using the known methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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Review

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23 pages, 4079 KiB  
Review
Generation of Photon Orbital Angular Momentum and Its Application in Space Division Multiplexing
by Temitope M. Olaleye, Paulo A. Ribeiro and Maria Raposo
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060664 - 08 Jun 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2109
Abstract
In the last three decades, light’s orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been of great interest because it has unique characteristics that make it sought after in many research fields, especially in optical communications. To address the exponentially increasing demands for higher data rates [...] Read more.
In the last three decades, light’s orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been of great interest because it has unique characteristics that make it sought after in many research fields, especially in optical communications. To address the exponentially increasing demands for higher data rates and capacity in optical communication systems, OAM has emerged as an additional degree of freedom for multiplexing and transmitting multiple independent data streams within a single spatial mode using the spatial division multiplexing (SDM) technology. Innumerable research findings have proven to scale up the channel capacity of communication links by a very high order of magnitude, allowing it to circumvent the reaching of optical fiber’s non-linear Shannon limit. This review paper provides a background and overview of OAM beams, covering the fundamental concepts, the various OAM generators, and the recent experimental and commercial applications of the OAM-SDM multiplexing technique in optical communications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Photonic Devices and Techniques)
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