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Impact of Different Nutrition Strategies on Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 23022

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; nutrition-dietetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Metropolitan College of Thessaloniki, University of East London, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: ergogenic supplements; inflammatory bowel disease; swimming coaching; alternative motor skills learning approaches
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue entitled “Impact of Different Nutrition Strategies on Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)” aims to examine the effects of different nutrition strategies on patients with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Specifically, nutrition strategies are utilized as a way of prevention, remission, and treatment on patients with IBD. However, numerous patients follow different kinds of nutrition plans on a daily basis without knowledge of their possible effects on the disease. As a result, an exacerbation of the disease symptoms is observed, affecting patients’ quality of life.

Thus, we call researchers to contribute to a scientific topic which needs further guidance for patients with IBD.

Dr. Sousana Papadopoulou
Dr. Konstantinos Papadimitriou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • remission
  • exacerbation
  • macronutrients
  • micronutrients
  • mineral elements
  • treatment
  • physical activity
  • quality of life

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 213 KiB  
Editorial
Impact of Different Nutrition Strategies on Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
by Konstantinos Papadimitriou and Sousana K. Papadopoulou
Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15041056 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1143
Abstract
In 1932, Burrill B [...] Full article

Research

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17 pages, 373 KiB  
Article
Nutritional Risk and Sarcopenia Features in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: Relation to Body Composition, Physical Performance, Nutritional Questionnaires and Biomarkers
by Konstantinos Papadimitriou, Paraskevi Detopoulou, Konstantinos Soufleris, Gavriela Voulgaridou, Despoina Tsoumana, Panagiotis Ntopromireskou, Constantinos Giaginis, Ioanna P. Chatziprodromidou, Maria Spanoudaki and Sousana K. Papadopoulou
Nutrients 2023, 15(16), 3615; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163615 - 17 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1789
Abstract
Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) face malnutrition risk, which, combined with inflammation, can lead to sarcopenia, associated with a worse prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to assess malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with CD. Fifty-three patients (26 women) participated (38.1 [...] Read more.
Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) face malnutrition risk, which, combined with inflammation, can lead to sarcopenia, associated with a worse prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to assess malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with CD. Fifty-three patients (26 women) participated (38.1 ± 10.9 years, 79% in remission). Body composition, physical performance, nutritional questionnaires, and biomarkers were performed. Malnutrition was screened with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT) and was assessed with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) tool using etiologic along with three different phenotypic criteria: low Body Mass Index (BMI), low Calf Circumference (CC), and low Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI). To find cases and evaluate sarcopenia, the Sarcopenia Questionnaire (SARC-F) and European Working Group on Sarcopenia2 (EWGSOP2) criteria were used. Malnutrition rates were 11.3% (n = 6), 7.5% (n = 4), and 5.6% (n = 3) based on low FFMI, CC, and BMI, correspondingly. Four (7%) patients had low Hand-Grip Strength (HGS), n = 8 (14.8%) had low Appendicular Lean Mass (ALM), and n = 3 (5.6%) had low gait speed. No-one had sarcopenia. A high albumin and triceps skinfold pattern, identified by principal component analysis, was related to reduced C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels (B = −0.180, SE = 0.085, p = 0.045). In conclusion, based on the studied anthropometric, nutritional, and functional variables, CD patients were not diagnosed with sarcopenia in the present study. Body composition patterns were related to the inflammatory burden, underlying the interplay of inflammation and malnutrition, even in remission states. Further studies on older populations and during disease exacerbation are necessary to explore the potential link between CD, inflammation, and sarcopenia. Full article
9 pages, 2521 KiB  
Article
Dietary AhR Ligands Have No Anti-Fibrotic Properties in TGF-β1-Stimulated Human Colonic Fibroblasts
by Asma Amamou, Linda Yaker, Mathilde Leboutte, Christine Bôle-Feysot, Guillaume Savoye and Rachel Marion-Letellier
Nutrients 2022, 14(16), 3253; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14163253 - 09 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1793
Abstract
Background: Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients without specific treatment. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation is associated with better outcomes in intestinal inflammation. Development of novel therapies targeting fibrogenic pathways is required and we aimed to screen [...] Read more.
Background: Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients without specific treatment. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation is associated with better outcomes in intestinal inflammation. Development of novel therapies targeting fibrogenic pathways is required and we aimed to screen dietary AhR ligands for their anti-fibrotic properties in TGF-β1-stimulated human colonic fibroblast cells. Methods: The study was conducted using TGF-β1-stimulated CCD-18Co, a human colonic fibroblast cell line in response to increased concentrations of dietary ligands of AhR such as FICZ, ITE, L-kynurenine and curcumin. Fibrosis markers such as α-SMA, COL1A1, COL3A1 and CTGF were assessed. AhR and ANRT RNA were evaluated. Results: TGF-β1 at 10 ng/mL significantly induced mRNA levels for ECM-associated proteins such as CTGF, COL1A1 and COL3A1 in CCD-18Co cells. FICZ from 10 to 1000 nM, L-kynurenine from 0.1 to 10 μM, ITE from 1 to 100 μM or curcumin from 5 to 20 μM had no significant effect on fibrosis markers in TGF-β1-induced CCD-18Co. Conclusions: Our data highlight that none of the tested dietary AhR ligands had an effect on fibrosis markers in TGF-β1-stimulated human colonic fibroblast cells in our experimental conditions. Further studies are now required to identify novel potential targets in intestinal fibrosis. Full article
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17 pages, 1489 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Dietary Patterns Are Reflected in the Plasma Inflammatory Proteome of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Arno R. Bourgonje, Laura A. Bolte, Lianne L. C. Vranckx, Lieke M. Spekhorst, Ranko Gacesa, Shixian Hu, Hendrik M. van Dullemen, Marijn C. Visschedijk, Eleonora A. M. Festen, Janneke N. Samsom, Gerard Dijkstra, Rinse K. Weersma and Marjo J. E. Campmans-Kuijpers
Nutrients 2022, 14(12), 2522; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122522 - 17 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3572
Abstract
Diet plays an important role in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)). However, little is known about the extent to which different diets reflect inflammation in IBD beyond measures such as faecal [...] Read more.
Diet plays an important role in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)). However, little is known about the extent to which different diets reflect inflammation in IBD beyond measures such as faecal calprotectin or C-reactive protein. In this study, we aimed to unravel associations between dietary patterns and circulating inflammatory proteins in patients with IBD. Plasma concentrations of 73 different inflammation-related proteins were measured in 454 patients with IBD by proximity extension assay (PEA) technology. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were used to assess habitual diet. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to extract data-driven dietary patterns. To identify associations between dietary patterns and plasma proteins, we used general linear models adjusting for age, sex, BMI, plasma storage time, smoking, surgical history and medication use. Stratified analyses were performed for IBD type, disease activity and protein intake. A high-sugar diet was strongly inversely associated with fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF-19) independent of IBD type, disease activity, surgical history and deviance from recommended protein intake (false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Conversely, a Mediterranean-style pattern was associated with higher FGF-19 levels (FDR < 0.05). A pattern characterised by high alcohol and coffee intake was positively associated with CCL11 (eotaxin-1) levels and with lower levels of IL-12B (FDR < 0.05). All results were replicated in CD, whereas only the association with FGF-19 was significant in UC. Our study suggests that dietary habits influence distinct circulating inflammatory proteins implicated in IBD and supports the pro- and anti-inflammatory role of diet. Longitudinal measurements of inflammatory markers, also postprandial, are needed to further elucidate the diet–inflammation relationship. Full article
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23 pages, 2251 KiB  
Article
Diet Quality and Dietary Inflammatory Index in Dutch Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients
by Marlijne C. G. de Graaf, Corinne E. G. M. Spooren, Evelien M. B. Hendrix, Martine A. M. Hesselink, Edith J. M. Feskens, Agnieszka Smolinska, Daniel Keszthelyi, Marieke J. Pierik, Zlatan Mujagic and Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers
Nutrients 2022, 14(9), 1945; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091945 - 06 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2946
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) share common culprit foods and potential pathophysiological factors. However, how diet may contribute to disease course and whether this differs between both entities is unclear. We therefore investigated the association of dietary indices with [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) share common culprit foods and potential pathophysiological factors. However, how diet may contribute to disease course and whether this differs between both entities is unclear. We therefore investigated the association of dietary indices with intestinal inflammation and gastrointestinal symptoms in both IBD and IBS patients. Food frequency questionnaires from 238 IBD, 261 IBS and 195 healthy controls (HC) were available to calculate the overall diet quality by the Dutch Healthy Diet-Index 2015 (DHD-2015) and its inflammatory potential by the Adapted Dietary Inflammatory Index (ADII). Intestinal inflammation and symptoms were evaluated by faecal calprotectin and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, respectively. The DHD-2015 was lower in IBD and IBS versus HC (p < 0.001), being associated with calprotectin levels in IBD (b = −4.009, p = 0.006), and with abdominal pain (b = −0.012, p = 0.023) and reflux syndrome (b = −0.016, p = 0.004) in IBS. ADII scores were comparable between groups and were only associated with abdominal pain in IBD (b = 0.194, p = 0.004). In this side-by-side comparison, we found a lower diet quality that was differentially associated with disease characteristics in IBD versus IBS patients. Longitudinal studies are needed to further investigate the role of dietary factors in the development of flares and predominant symptoms. Full article
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Review

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17 pages, 1062 KiB  
Review
Vitamin D in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Implications
by Filippo Vernia, Marco Valvano, Salvatore Longo, Nicola Cesaro, Angelo Viscido and Giovanni Latella
Nutrients 2022, 14(2), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14020269 - 09 Jan 2022
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 7572
Abstract
(1) Background: Vitamin D is an immunoregulatory factor influencing intestinal homeostasis. Recent evidence supports a central role of this micronutrient in the course of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). This narrative review aims to provide a general overview of the possible biological mechanisms of [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Vitamin D is an immunoregulatory factor influencing intestinal homeostasis. Recent evidence supports a central role of this micronutrient in the course of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). This narrative review aims to provide a general overview of the possible biological mechanisms of action of vitamin D and its therapeutic implications in IBD. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search of the English literature up to October 2021 was performed using Medline and the Cochrane Library. Only papers written in English that analyzed the role of vitamin D in IBD were included. (3) Results: In vitro and animal studies reported that vitamin D signaling improves epithelial barrier integrity regulating the expression of several junctional proteins, defensins, and mucins, modulates the inflammatory response, and affects gut microbiome composition. Recent studies also suggest that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among IBD patients and that low serum levels correlate with disease activity and, less clearly, with disease course. (4) Conclusions: An increasing body of evidence suggests some role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of IBD, nonetheless the underlying mechanisms have been so far only partially elucidated. A strong correlation with disease activity has been reported but its implication in the treatment is still undefined. Thus, studies focused on this issue, the definition of vitamin D levels responsible for clinical effects, and the potential role of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent are strongly encouraged. Full article
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Other

17 pages, 704 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Role of Partial Enteral Nutrition for Induction of Remission in Crohn’s Disease: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials
by Lucía González-Torres, Ana Moreno-Álvarez, Ana Estefanía Fernández-Lorenzo, Rosaura Leis and Alfonso Solar-Boga
Nutrients 2022, 14(24), 5263; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245263 - 09 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3103
Abstract
Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is recommended as a first-line therapy to induce remission of Crohn’s disease (CD) and is considered as effective as corticosteroid treatment. However, the dietary restriction causes lack of adherence and poor tolerance to the therapy. Partial enteral nutrition (PEN), [...] Read more.
Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is recommended as a first-line therapy to induce remission of Crohn’s disease (CD) and is considered as effective as corticosteroid treatment. However, the dietary restriction causes lack of adherence and poor tolerance to the therapy. Partial enteral nutrition (PEN), which allows for the ingestion of some food, could be a better tolerated alternative, but it is unknown whether it is as effective at inducing CD remission as EEN. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the available evidence on PEN as a remission induction therapy in CD. A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE (via PUBMED) and Cochrane Library databases following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Clinical trials in pediatric and adult patients were included. The risk of bias was assessed following the Cochrane Collaboration methodology. The selected studies showed variable but high response rates to PEN and EEN. Limitations regarding the wide heterogeneity between the studies included in this review should be considered. Although more studies are needed, according to our results, PEN combined with a highly restrictive diet seems to be as effective as EEN in inducing remission of CD. Full article
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