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Linking Fruit and Vegetable Bioactives to Human Health and Wellness

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2026 | Viewed by 1587

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
Interests: food science; bioactive compounds; circular economy; integrated valorisation; upcycling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
Interests: antioxidant; bioactive compound; phenolic compound; activity probiotics; polyphenol
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few years, dietary phytochemicals have garnered increasing research interest globally for their health-promoting effects and ability to prevent chronic diseases, particularly constituent compounds in foods. In addition to those required to meet basic human nutritional needs, these compounds can modify health status and are generally considered safe in foods at normal consumption levels (e.g., anthocyanins in berries). Their bioactivity can be attributed to a single compound (e.g., lutein in spinach) or a mixture of multiple compounds (e.g., avenanthryl alkaloids in oats), often not fully known, with the latter demonstrating greater efficacy. Classes of similar compounds are often found in similar types of plants, but their content in foods can vary greatly due to environmental influences such as cultivation, soil, altitude, and weather conditions. A significant volume of scientific evidence indicates that some phytochemicals have beneficial health effects, including dose–response relationships and statistically significant relationships with improved physiological function and/or a reduced risk of chronic diseases. However, our understanding of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of many dietary bioactives remains limited, constituting a noticeable gap in the scientific literature.

This Special Issue aims to foster more research that will advance our understanding of the nutritional value of dietary bioactives, particularly those from fruits and vegetables, and how they affect human health.

Dr. Débora A. Campos
Prof. Dr. Manuela Pintado
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • fruits
  • vegetables
  • whole grains
  • dietary bioactives
  • health
  • disease prevention
  • functional foods
  • antioxidant
  • non-essential nutrient

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

33 pages, 2702 KB  
Review
Beneficial Effects of Fisetin, a Senotherapeutic Compound, in Women’s Reproductive Health and Diseases: Evidence from In Vitro to Clinical Studies
by Samya El Sayed, D’leela Saiyed, Valeria I. Macri, Awurakua Asamoah-Mensah, James H. Segars and Md Soriful Islam
Nutrients 2026, 18(3), 393; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18030393 (registering DOI) - 25 Jan 2026
Abstract
Fisetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid, a type of polyphenol found in fruits and vegetables such as strawberries, apples, persimmons, and onions. It has gained increasing attention for its antioxidant properties (enhancement of SOD1 and CAT activity and reduction of ROS), anti-inflammatory effects [...] Read more.
Fisetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid, a type of polyphenol found in fruits and vegetables such as strawberries, apples, persimmons, and onions. It has gained increasing attention for its antioxidant properties (enhancement of SOD1 and CAT activity and reduction of ROS), anti-inflammatory effects (suppression of NF-κB signaling), and senotherapeutic activity (senolytic and senomorphic effects). Although numerous studies have examined fisetin in the context of aging and chronic diseases, its role in women’s reproductive health has not been systematically explored. Mechanistically, fisetin regulates several pathophysiological processes, including ovarian aging, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and hormonal regulation, suggesting its potential relevance to female reproductive health and disease. Indeed, emerging evidence indicates that fisetin may support ovarian function and hormonal balance, modulate fibrosis and metabolism in benign gynecologic conditions, and suppress cell growth in gynecologic cancers. Early-phase clinical studies in non-gynecologic conditions suggest an acceptable safety profile, although evidence in reproductive health remains absent. This review summarizes current experimental and clinical evidence, identifies critical gaps in mechanistic understanding, and discusses future directions for advancing fisetin as a promising non-hormonal therapeutic option in reproductive health and diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Fruit and Vegetable Bioactives to Human Health and Wellness)
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55 pages, 3040 KB  
Review
Beetroot Juice and Exercise for Clinical Health and Athletic Performance: A Narrative Review
by Eunjoo Lee, Hun-Young Park, Yerin Sun, Jae-Ho Choi, Seungyeon Woo, Sohyang Cho, Suyoung Kim, Yuanning Zheng, Sung-Woo Kim and Kiwon Lim
Nutrients 2026, 18(1), 151; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18010151 - 1 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Beetroot juice (BRJ), a concentrated dietary source of nitrate alongside betalains and polyphenols, influences physiology through enhanced nitrate–nitrite–NO bioavailability, antioxidant activity, and interactions with oral and gut nitrate-reducing microbiota. The efficiency of these mechanisms depends on dose, timing, and preservation of oral bacteria, [...] Read more.
Beetroot juice (BRJ), a concentrated dietary source of nitrate alongside betalains and polyphenols, influences physiology through enhanced nitrate–nitrite–NO bioavailability, antioxidant activity, and interactions with oral and gut nitrate-reducing microbiota. The efficiency of these mechanisms depends on dose, timing, and preservation of oral bacteria, with antibacterial mouthwash or thiocyanate-rich foods potentially blunting NO2 generation. Acute BRJ ingestion consistently elevates circulating nitrate and nitrite, yet its impact on glucose, insulin, and lipid regulation is modest; chronic intake may reinforce nitrate-reduction capacity, improve redox balance, and shift microbial composition, though long-term metabolic outcomes remain variable. Cardiovascular adaptations appear more coherent, with acute reductions in systolic blood pressure and improved endothelial function complemented in some cases by microvascular enhancements during multi-week supplementation. Neuromuscular and cognitive effects are less uniform; BRJ does not reliably increase maximal strength or global cognition but may support electrophysiological recovery after muscle-damaging exercise and improve executive performance under fatigue. In exercise settings, dose and timing are critical, as BRJ most consistently benefits endurance performance by reducing oxygen cost, improving exercise economy, and enhancing time-trial or time-to-exhaustion outcomes, whereas effects on sprint, power, and team-sport tasks are more sensitive to contraction duration, recovery intervals, and athlete training status. Overall, available evidence supports a role for NO-mediated vascular and metabolic pathways in the physiological effects of BRJ, although marked inter-individual variability highlights the need for responder-focused dosing strategies and further mechanistic investigation integrating metabolic, microbial, and performance-related outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Linking Fruit and Vegetable Bioactives to Human Health and Wellness)
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