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Nutrients
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The Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Various Dietary Phytochemicals
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The Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Various Dietary Phytochemicals

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 November 2024) | Viewed by 4064

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Farid Khallouki

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Guest Editor
Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
Interests: chemoprevention by natural products; antioxidants; anti-inflammatory compounds; cholesterol metabolism; natural products biosynthesis; phytochemistry; hyphenated chromatographic techniques; hemisynthesis; nuclear magnetic resonance; mass spectrometry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mohammed Bourhia

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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
Interests: natural products; chemical characterization; biological activities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. These include terpenoids, betalains, glucosinolates, alkaloids, and polyphenolics such as stilbenes, tannins, flavonoids, quinones, and anthocyanins, among many others. Nowadays, phytochemicals represent an active field of drug development with unique biological effects against a wide range of ailments, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, and aging. Phytochemicals demonstrate considerable diversification in signal transduction, cellular events, and gene expressions with the regulatory activity of cell metabolism. To date, several compounds have already entered preclinical/clinical trials based on in vivo efficacy models. Phytochemicals may also influence epigenetic factors and modify drug interactions, which are used in therapy as well as prevention. Therefore, adopting a nutrient-rich, diverse diet as a proactive strategy may support a strong immune system and help prevent ailments associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.

To help promote high-quality, significant, and conceptual research, we welcome submissions from frontline researchers all over the world. Topics will include, but are not limited to, the evaluation of known and new promising phytochemicals for the development of effective therapeutic agents, as well as the elucidation of their complex mechanism of action. Studies on t chemical characterization of phytochemicals coupled with their bioactivity and bioavailability, their nutritional and microbial metabolism aspects, along with papers focusing on drug–phytochemical interactions are also welcome.

Dr. Farid Khallouki
Dr. Mohammed Bourhia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • phytochemicals
  • nutritional effects
  • biological effects
  • structure–activity relationship
  • bioavailability
  • antiinflammatory and antioxidant agents

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4116 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant and Antiaging Activity of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Ethyl Acetate Fraction in Caenorhabditis elegans
by Hyeon-Ji Kim, Ji-Su Mun, Suk-Heung Oh and Jun-Hyung Kim
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4168; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234168 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 461
Abstract
Background/Objectives: In aerobic organisms, such as humans, oxygen radicals are inevitably produced. To counteract oxidation, the body generates antioxidant substances that suppress free radicals. However, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase due to aging and lifestyle factors, leading to exposure to various [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: In aerobic organisms, such as humans, oxygen radicals are inevitably produced. To counteract oxidation, the body generates antioxidant substances that suppress free radicals. However, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase due to aging and lifestyle factors, leading to exposure to various diseases. While synthetic antioxidants offer advantages like high stability, low cost, and availability, their safety remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antiaging activities of Houttuynia cordata (HC), which is rich in flavonoids and has excellent antioxidant properties, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. Methods: Extraction and fractionation of HC were performed to evaluate antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, superoxide radical scavenging activity) and antiaging effects (lifespan). The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) with the highest activity was selected for further investigation. Results: The EAF of HC exhibited high levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, presenting the highest DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide radical scavenging activities. This fraction increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in nematodes in a concentration-dependent manner and provided resistance to oxidative stress, reducing ROS accumulation. Additionally, the fraction enhanced the lifespan of nematodes, improved resistance to heat stress, increased survival rates, and decreased the accumulation of aging pigments (lipofuscin). The expression of daf-2, daf-16, and sir-2.1, proteins directly involved in nematode aging, was confirmed. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry identified quercitrin in the HC extract, which may contribute to its antioxidant and antiaging effects. Conclusions: The EAF of HC demonstrates significant potential for influencing antioxidant and antiaging, as evidenced by functional investigations using C. elegans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Various Dietary Phytochemicals)
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15 pages, 1665 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Vitamin D Status in the Drâa-Tafilalet Population (Morocco) Based on Sociodemographic, Health, and Nutritional Factors
by Fouzia Sebbari, Farid Khallouki, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Mohammed Bourhia, Amira Metouekel and Bachir El Bouhali
Nutrients 2024, 16(13), 2118; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16132118 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1296
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status and determine the factors influencing it in the Drâa-Tafilalet community (southeastern Morocco). Sociodemographic factors, health, cognitive status, sun exposure, and nutritional conditions were examined to help us understand their association with [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status and determine the factors influencing it in the Drâa-Tafilalet community (southeastern Morocco). Sociodemographic factors, health, cognitive status, sun exposure, and nutritional conditions were examined to help us understand their association with vitamin D status. Vitamin D data were gathered through laboratory testing, while demographic and health information was collected through interviews with participants in 2023. The study involved 100 participants aged 60 and above, most of whom were women (85%) rather than men (15%). The majority of participants were Arabs (90%), with a minority being Amazigh (10%). The average vitamin D level was 31.83 ± 10.55 ng/mL, varying based on participants’ age, education, and gender. Sun-exposed individuals exhibited significantly higher mean vitamin D levels (33.56 ± 11.99 ng/mL) compared to those with limited sun exposure (28.97 ± 9.28 ng/mL). Moreover, the time spent outdoors, seasonal changes, and the duration of sun exposure affected the levels of vitamin D. These findings depict the vitamin D status of the elderly population of Drâa-Tafilalet, recognized as one of Morocco’s poorest regions, shedding light on the significant influencers. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to explore the correlation between dietary habits, sunlight exposure, and vitamin D levels in both young and elderly populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Various Dietary Phytochemicals)
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17 pages, 5889 KiB  
Article
Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking, the Active Components, Targets, and Mechanisms of Flemingia philippinensis in Improving Inflammation Were Excavated
by Dongying Zhang, Qixing Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Xiangxuan Yang, Jiaxu Man, Dongxue Wang and Xiaoyong Li
Nutrients 2024, 16(12), 1850; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121850 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1577
Abstract
Flemingia philippinensis, a polyphenol-rich plant, holds potential for improving inflammation, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, this study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism by which Flemingia philippinensis ameliorates inflammation. In this study, 29 kinds of [...] Read more.
Flemingia philippinensis, a polyphenol-rich plant, holds potential for improving inflammation, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, this study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism by which Flemingia philippinensis ameliorates inflammation. In this study, 29 kinds of active ingredients were obtained via data mining. Five main active components were screened out for improving inflammation, which were flemichin D, naringenin, chrysophanol, genistein and orobol. In total, 52 core targets were identified, including AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), serum albumin (ALB), and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 2331 entries related to biological processes, 98 entries associated with cellular components, and 203 entries linked to molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis yielded 149 pathways, including those involved in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, endocrine resistance, and the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway. Molecular docking results showed strong binding effects between the main active components and the core targets, with binding energies less than −5 kcal/mol. In summary, this study preliminarily elucidated the underlying mechanisms by which Flemingia philippinensis, through a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway approach, ameliorates inflammation. This provides a theoretical foundation for the subsequent application of Flemingia philippinensis in inflammation amelioration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Various Dietary Phytochemicals)
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