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Nutrients
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Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Diseases
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Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2024) | Viewed by 2594

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bartosz Uchmanowicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: cardiovascular diseases; nutritional status; medical science; public health; management in healthcare
Dr. Michał Czapla

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland
2. Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
3. Group in Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Science, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
Interests: prehospital care; cardiovascular diseases; nutrition; lifestyle; nutritional status; emergency medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality not only within the European Union but worldwide. Undoubtedly, there is a strong relationship between nutritional status and CVDs. Nutritional status is one of the modifiable factors that have an impact on prognosis in patients with CVDs. Nutritional status in CVD patients is undoubtedly related to their quality of life, risk of re-hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, complications, and increased risk of death during in-patient treatment. Consequently, diseases related to, e.g., obesity and malnutrition significantly increase medical costs, and their importance in the course of disease remains underappreciated.

Potential topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, novel methods of nutritional assessment, malnutrition, overweight and obesity, personalized nutrition, dietary requirements and dietary patterns, length of hospitalization, and in-hospital and long-term mortality.

Dr. Bartosz Uchmanowicz
Guest Editors

Dr. Michał Czapla
Co-Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutritional status
  • cardiovascular disease
  • malnutrition
  • overweight
  • obesity
  • dietary patterns
  • heart failure
  • acute coronary syndrome
  • atrial fibrillation
  • nutrition
  • stroke

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2065 KiB  
Article
Serum Albumin and Post-Stroke Outcomes: Analysis of UK Regional Registry Data, Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis
by Rosa J. Thuemmler, Tiberiu A. Pana, Ben Carter, Ribeya Mahmood, Joao H. Bettencourt-Silva, Anthony K. Metcalf, Mamas A. Mamas, John F. Potter and Phyo K. Myint
Nutrients 2024, 16(10), 1486; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16101486 - 14 May 2024
Viewed by 445
Abstract
Hypoalbuminemia associates with poor acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes. We hypothesised a non-linear relationship and aimed to systematically assess this association using prospective stroke data from the Norfolk and Norwich Stroke and TIA Register. Consecutive AIS patients aged ≥40 years admitted December 2003–December [...] Read more.
Hypoalbuminemia associates with poor acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes. We hypothesised a non-linear relationship and aimed to systematically assess this association using prospective stroke data from the Norfolk and Norwich Stroke and TIA Register. Consecutive AIS patients aged ≥40 years admitted December 2003–December 2016 were included. Outcomes: In-hospital mortality, poor discharge, functional outcome (modified Rankin score 3–6), prolonged length of stay (PLoS) > 4 days, and long-term mortality. Restricted cubic spline regressions investigated the albumin–outcome relationship. We updated a systematic review (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases, January 2020–June 2023) and undertook a meta-analysis. A total of 9979 patients were included; mean age (standard deviation) = 78.3 (11.2) years; mean serum albumin 36.69 g/L (5.38). Compared to the cohort median, albumin < 37 g/L associated with up to two-fold higher long-term mortality (HRmax; 95% CI = 2.01; 1.61–2.49) and in-hospital mortality (RRmax; 95% CI = 1.48; 1.21–1.80). Albumin > 44 g/L associated with up to 12% higher long-term mortality (HRmax1.12; 1.06–1.19). Nine studies met our inclusion criteria totalling 23,597 patients. Low albumin associated with increased risk of long-term mortality (two studies; relative risk 1.57 (95% CI 1.11–2.22; I2 = 81.28)), as did low-normal albumin (RR 1.10 (95% CI 1.01–1.20; I2 = 0.00)). Strong evidence indicates increased long-term mortality in AIS patients with low or low-normal albumin on admission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Diseases)
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11 pages, 693 KiB  
Article
Nutritional Status Predicts the Length of Stay and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Electrotherapy Procedures
by Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz, Tomasz Chrominski, Marcin Szczasny and Piotr Blaszczak
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 843; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060843 - 15 Mar 2024
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Abstract
(1) Background: Nutritional status is a factor that impacts the patients’ outcomes in various medical conditions including cardiovascular patients or surgical procedures. However, there is limited available information about its impact on the short-term outcomes of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations. This [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Nutritional status is a factor that impacts the patients’ outcomes in various medical conditions including cardiovascular patients or surgical procedures. However, there is limited available information about its impact on the short-term outcomes of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations. This study aimed to assess the relationship between nutritional status, complications, mortality risk, and length of stay at the hospital in patients undergoing CIED implantations. (2) Material and Methods: 588 patients who underwent CIED implantation in 2022 and 2023 were included in the retrospective analysis. The nutritional status assessment was performed using NRS 2002 and BMI. The implanted devices were single-chamber pacemakers (n = 82), dual-chamber pacemakers (n = 329), one-chamber ICDs (n = 83), dual-chamber ICDs (n = 19), CRT-P (n = 19), and CRT-D (n = 56). (3) Results: The regression analysis showed that the NRS 2002 score predicted the length of stay (age-adjusted: β = 1.02, p = 0.001) among the CIED-implanted patients. The CRT-D subgroup was particularly responsible for this relationship (β = 4.05, p = 0.003 after age adjustment). The analysis also revealed significant differences between the NRS 2002 score in the in-hospital death subgroups (1.75 ± 1.00 points for deaths vs. 1.00 ± 1.00 points for survivors; p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in nutritional status parameters regarding early complications subgroups. (4) Conclusions: This study showed that nutritional risk assessed with NRS 2002 is a predictor of length of stay (particularly for CRT-D) and mortality among patients undergoing CIED implantations. The results of the analysis point out the impact of patients’ nutritional status on short-term outcomes of CIED implantations, particularly in CRT-D implants where 1 NRS 2002 point was a predictor of a mean 4.05 days (77.2%) longer hospitalization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Diseases)
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13 pages, 1020 KiB  
Article
Deoxycholic Acid, a Secondary Bile Acid, Increases Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure in Rats
by Artur Nowiński, Dawid Chabowski, Joanna Giebułtowicz, Marta Aleksandrowicz and Marcin Ufnal
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010032 - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1105
Abstract
Background: Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is a secondary bile acid produced by gut bacteria. Elevated serum concentrations of DCA are observed in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that DCA might influence hemodynamic parameters in rats. Methods: The concentration of DCA in systemic blood was [...] Read more.
Background: Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is a secondary bile acid produced by gut bacteria. Elevated serum concentrations of DCA are observed in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that DCA might influence hemodynamic parameters in rats. Methods: The concentration of DCA in systemic blood was measured with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and echocardiographic parameters were evaluated in anesthetized, male, 3–4-month-old Sprague–Dawley rats administered intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with investigated compounds. Mesenteric artery (MA) reactivity was tested ex vivo. Results: The baseline plasma concentration of DCA was 0.24 ± 0.03 mg/L. The oral antibiotic treatment produced a large decrease in the concentration. Administered IV, the compound increased BP and HR in a dose-dependent manner. DCA also increased heart contractility and cardiac output. None of the tested compounds—prazosin (an alpha-blocker), propranolol (beta-adrenolytic), atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), glibenclamide (K-ATP inhibitor) or DY 268 (FXR antagonist), glycyrrhetinic acid (11HSD2 inhibitor)—significantly diminished the DCA-induced pressor effect. ICV infusion did not exert significant HR or BP changes. DCA relaxed MAs. Systemic vascular resistance did not change significantly. Conclusions: DCA elevates BP primarily by augmenting cardiac output. As a metabolite derived from gut bacteria, DCA potentially serves as a mediator in the interaction between the gut microbiota and the host’s circulatory system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Diseases)
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