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13 pages, 4877 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

A Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly and NIR Photothermal Conversion Study of Organometallic Handcuffs

by Xiaoyan Lu, Jing-Jing Huang, Tian Chen, Jie Zheng, Ming Liu, Xin-Yi Wang, Yu-Xin Li, Xinkai Niu and Li-Long Dang

Molecules 2023, 28(19), 6826; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28196826 - 27 Sep 2023

Viewed by 752

Abstract

Due to their fascinating topological structures and application prospects, coordination supramolecular complexes have continuously been studied by scientists. However, the controlled construction and property study of organometallic handcuffs remains a significant and challenging research subject in the area of supramolecular chemistry. Hence, a [...] Read more.

Due to their fascinating topological structures and application prospects, coordination supramolecular complexes have continuously been studied by scientists. However, the controlled construction and property study of organometallic handcuffs remains a significant and challenging research subject in the area of supramolecular chemistry. Hence, a series of tetranuclear organometallic and heterometallic handcuffs bearing different size and metal types were rationally designed and successfully synthesized by utilizing a quadridentate pyridyl ligand (tetra-(3-pyridylphenyl)ethylene) based on three Cp*Rh (Cp* = η⁵-C₅Me₅) fragments bearing specific longitudinal dimensions and conjugated planes. These results were determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis technology, ESI-MS NMR spectroscopy, etc. Importantly, the photoquenching effect of Cp* groups and the discrepancy of intermolecular π–π stacking interactions between building block and half-sandwich fragments promote markedly different photothermal conversion results. These results will further push the synthesis of topological structures and the development of photothermal conversion materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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10 pages, 2911 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Supramolecular Crystal Networks Constructed from Cucurbit[8]uril with Two Naphthyl Groups

by Zhong-Zheng Gao, Lei Shen, Yu-Lu Hu, Ji-Fu Sun, Gang Wei and Hui Zhao

Molecules 2023, 28(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010063 - 21 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1328

Abstract

Naphthyl groups are widely used as building blocks for the self-assembly of supramolecular crystal networks. Host–guest complexation of cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with two guests NapA and Nap1 in both aqueous solution and solid state has been fully investigated. Experimental data indicated that double guests [...] Read more.

Naphthyl groups are widely used as building blocks for the self-assembly of supramolecular crystal networks. Host–guest complexation of cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with two guests NapA and Nap1 in both aqueous solution and solid state has been fully investigated. Experimental data indicated that double guests resided within the cavity of Q[8], generating highly stable homoternary complexes NapA₂@Q[8] and Nap1₂@Q[8]. Meanwhile, the strong hydrogen-bonding and π···π interaction play critical roles in the formation of 1D supramolecular chain, as well as 2D and 3D networks in solid state. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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9 pages, 3805 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nano-Theranostics Constructed from Terpyridine-Modified Pillar [5]arene-Based Supramolecular Amphiphile and Its Application in Both Cell Imaging and Cancer Therapy

by Youjun Zhou, Lu Yang, Longtao Ma, Ying Han, Chao-Guo Yan and Yong Yao

Molecules 2022, 27(19), 6428; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196428 - 29 Sep 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1359

Abstract

Theranostics play an important role in cancer treatment due to its realized real-time tracking of therapeutic efficacy in situ. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a terpyridine-modified pillar [5]arenes (TP5). By the coordination of terpyridine and Zn²⁺, [...] Read more.

Theranostics play an important role in cancer treatment due to its realized real-time tracking of therapeutic efficacy in situ. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a terpyridine-modified pillar [5]arenes (TP5). By the coordination of terpyridine and Zn²⁺, the complex TP5/Zn was obtained. Then, supramolecular amphiphile can be constructed by using host–guest complexation between a polyethylene glycol contained guest (PM) and TP5/Zn. Combining the fluorescence properties from the terpyridine group and the amphiphilicity from the system, the obtained TP5/Zn/PM can further be self-assembled into fluorescent particles with diameters of about 150 nm in water. The obtained particles can effectively load anti-cancer drugs and realize living cell imaging and a precise release of the drugs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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Review

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18 pages, 5246 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Development of Supramolecular Cancer Theranostics Based on Cyclodextrins: A Review

by Wenting Hu, Binglin Ye, Guocan Yu, Feihe Huang, Zhengwei Mao, Yuan Ding and Weilin Wang

Molecules 2023, 28(8), 3441; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083441 - 13 Apr 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2432

Abstract

With the development of personalized medical demands for precise diagnosis, rational management and effective cancer treatment, supramolecular theranostic systems have received widespread attention due to their reversibly switchable structures, sensitive response to biological stimuli and integration ability for multiple capabilities in a single [...] Read more.

With the development of personalized medical demands for precise diagnosis, rational management and effective cancer treatment, supramolecular theranostic systems have received widespread attention due to their reversibly switchable structures, sensitive response to biological stimuli and integration ability for multiple capabilities in a single platform with a programmable fashion. Cyclodextrins (CDs), benefiting from their excellent characteristics, such as non-toxicity, easy modification, unique host–guest properties, good biocompatibility, etc., as building blocks, serve as an all-purpose strategy for the fabrication of a supramolecular cancer theranostics nanodevice that is capable of biosafety, controllability, functionality and programmability. This review focuses on the supramolecular systems of CD-bioimaging probes, CD-drugs, CD-genes, CD-proteins, CD-photosensitizers and CD-photothermal agents as well as multicomponent cooperation systems with regards to building a nanodevice with functions of diagnosis and (or) therapeutics of cancer treatment. By introducing several state-of-the-art examples, emphasis will be placed on the design of various functional modules, the supramolecular interaction strategies under the fantastic topological structures and the hidden “bridge” between their structures and therapeutic efficacy, aiming for further comprehension of the important role of a cyclodextrin-based nanoplatform in advancing supramolecular cancer theranostics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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19 pages, 7975 KiB

Open AccessReview

Pillararene-Based Supramolecular Polymers for Cancer Therapy

by Miaomiao Yan and Jiong Zhou

Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031470 - 03 Feb 2023

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2507

Abstract

Supramolecular polymers have attracted considerable interest due to their intriguing features and functions. The dynamic reversibility of noncovalent interactions endows supramolecular polymers with tunable physicochemical properties, self-healing, and externally stimulated responses. Among them, pillararene-based supramolecular polymers show great potential for biomedical applications due [...] Read more.

Supramolecular polymers have attracted considerable interest due to their intriguing features and functions. The dynamic reversibility of noncovalent interactions endows supramolecular polymers with tunable physicochemical properties, self-healing, and externally stimulated responses. Among them, pillararene-based supramolecular polymers show great potential for biomedical applications due to their fascinating host–guest interactions and easy modification. Herein, we summarize the state of the art of pillararene-based supramolecular polymers for cancer therapy and illustrate its developmental trend and future perspective. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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17 pages, 4421 KiB

Open AccessReview

Porous Framework Materials for Bioimaging and Cancer Therapy

by Meng Jin, Yingying Zhao, Zong-Jie Guan and Yu Fang

Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1360; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031360 - 31 Jan 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2102

Abstract

Cancer remains one of the most pressing diseases in the world. Traditional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy still show certain limitations. Recently, numerous cancer treatments have been proposed in combination with novel materials, such as photothermal therapy, chemodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and a [...] Read more.

Cancer remains one of the most pressing diseases in the world. Traditional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy still show certain limitations. Recently, numerous cancer treatments have been proposed in combination with novel materials, such as photothermal therapy, chemodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and a combination of therapeutic approaches. These new methods have shown significant advantages in reducing side effects and synergistically enhancing anti-cancer efficacy. In addition to the above approaches, early diagnosis and in situ monitoring of lesion areas are also important for reducing side effects and improving the success rate of cancer therapy. This depends on the decent use of bioimaging technology. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances in porous framework materials for bioimaging and cancer therapy. In addition, we present future challenges relating to bioimaging and cancer therapy based on porous framework materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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24 pages, 6345 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Supramolecular-Macrocycle-Based Nanomaterials in Cancer Treatment

by Zheng Pan, Xinzhi Zhao, Qiushi Li, Zhanzhan Zhang and Yang Liu

Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1241; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031241 - 27 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2246

Abstract

Cancer is a severe threat to human life. Recently, various therapeutic strategies, such as chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and combination therapy have been extensively applied in cancer treatment. However, the clinical benefits of these therapeutics still need improvement. In recent years, supramolecular chemistry based [...] Read more.

Cancer is a severe threat to human life. Recently, various therapeutic strategies, such as chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and combination therapy have been extensively applied in cancer treatment. However, the clinical benefits of these therapeutics still need improvement. In recent years, supramolecular chemistry based on host–guest interactions has attracted increasing attention in biomedical applications to address these issues. In this review, we present the properties of the major macrocyclic molecules and the stimulus–response strategies used for the controlled release of therapeutic agents. Finally, the applications of supramolecular-macrocycle-based nanomaterials in cancer therapy are reviewed, and the existing challenges and prospects are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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44 pages, 2208 KiB

Open AccessReview

Hydrogen Sulfide Biology and Its Role in Cancer

by Saadullah Khattak, Mohd Ahmar Rauf, Nazeer Hussain Khan, Qian-Qian Zhang, Hao-Jie Chen, Pir Muhammad, Mohammad Azam Ansari, Mohammad N. Alomary, Muhammad Jahangir, Chun-Yang Zhang, Xin-Ying Ji and Dong-Dong Wu

Molecules 2022, 27(11), 3389; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113389 - 25 May 2022

Cited by 45 | Viewed by 5492

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous biologically active gas produced in mammalian tissues. It plays a very critical role in many pathophysiological processes in the body. It can be endogenously produced through many enzymes analogous to the cysteine family, while the [...] Read more.

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous biologically active gas produced in mammalian tissues. It plays a very critical role in many pathophysiological processes in the body. It can be endogenously produced through many enzymes analogous to the cysteine family, while the exogenous source may involve inorganic sulfide salts. H₂S has recently been well investigated with regard to the onset of various carcinogenic diseases such as lung, breast, ovaries, colon cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. H₂S is considered an oncogenic gas, and a potential therapeutic target for treating and diagnosing cancers, due to its role in mediating the development of tumorigenesis. Here in this review, an in-detail up-to-date explanation of the potential role of H₂S in different malignancies has been reported. The study summarizes the synthesis of H₂S, its roles, signaling routes, expressions, and H₂S release in various malignancies. Considering the critical importance of this active biological molecule, we believe this review in this esteemed journal will highlight the oncogenic role of H₂S in the scientific community. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Cancer Nanotheranostics)

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