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Molecules
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Herb/Drug Interaction: Evidence and Mechanisms
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Herb/Drug Interaction: Evidence and Mechanisms

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 3591

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ajaz Ahmad

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Interests: food–drug interaction; natural product; drug development; pharmacology; drug metabolism; nutraceuticals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Raish

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Interests: food–drug interaction; natural product; drug development; pharmacology; drug metabolism; nutraceuticals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Negative interactions between herbs and pharmaceuticals have serious implications for the success of medical treatment. Therapeutic failures or toxicities can occur as a result of herb–drug interactions, which modify the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic outcomes of medications. Medicinal properties in plants have been recognized for centuries. It is possible that after their effectiveness has been verified, traditional Western medicine will adopt them from their native use in folk medicine. Herbal substances may alter the pharmacological effect of other drugs (whether diagnostic, therapeutic, or otherwise) in the body. The effects of medications taken at the same time may be amplified or diminished depending on the herb used. The results of an action might have positive, negative, or even harmful outcomes. The pharmacological or toxicological effects of each component may be amplified or attenuated, depending on the presence of an interaction between the two plants or medications. Therapeutic synergisms, in which one drug improves the effects of another, can make it difficult to determine the proper dosage for drugs used over an extended period of time. To better predict the therapeutic effects of herbal medications and substances, this Special Issue solicits articles on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics (ADME) of natural products, as well as protocols tailored to the chemical complexity of these compounds.

The goal of this Special Issue is to present recent findings and insights in the field of natural products, offering a forum for discussing various aspects of their biological activities, safety, and potential health benefits. The scope includes but is not limited to, studies on in vivo and in vitro bioactivities, toxicity, and medicinal chemistry of natural products. We aim to provide a platform for researchers to share their original research papers or reviews on natural products with potential therapeutic applications. This Special Issue will feature the most recent developments in the pharmacological and medicinal chemistry of promising natural products, and all researchers interested in this area are encouraged to submit their work. We hope that this Special Issue will contribute to advancing our knowledge of natural products and their potential in improving human health.

Dr. Ajaz Ahmad
Prof. Dr. Mohammad Raish
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • herb–drug interactions
  • pharmacodynamics
  • pharmacokinetics
  • drug disposition
  • cytochromes
  • transporter proteins

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3185 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Possible Pathways Involved in the Protective Effects of Quercetin, Naringenin, and Rutin at the Gene, Protein and miRNA Levels Using In-Silico Multidimensional Data Analysis
by Seema Zargar, Nojood Altwaijry, Tanveer A. Wani and Hamad M. Alkahtani
Molecules 2023, 28(13), 4904; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134904 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1463
Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are non-essential for plant growth or survival, and they also provide numerous health benefits to humans. They are antioxidants that shield plants from the ill effects of ultraviolet light, pests, and diseases. They are beneficial to health for [...] Read more.
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are non-essential for plant growth or survival, and they also provide numerous health benefits to humans. They are antioxidants that shield plants from the ill effects of ultraviolet light, pests, and diseases. They are beneficial to health for several reasons, including lowering inflammation, boosting cardiovascular health, and lowering cancer risk. This study looked into the physicochemical features of these substances to determine the potential pharmacological pathways involved in their protective actions. Potential targets responsible for the protective effects of quercetin, naringenin, and rutin were identified with SwissADME. The associated biological processes and protein–protein networks were analyzed by using the GeneMANIA, Metascape, and STRING servers. All the flavonoids were predicted to be orally bioavailable, with more than 90% targets as enzymes, including kinases and lyases, and with common targets such as NOS2, CASP3, CASP9, CAT, BCL2, TNF, and HMOX1. TNF was shown to be a major target in over 250 interactions. To extract the “biological meanings” from the MCODE networks’ constituent parts, a GO enrichment analysis was performed on each one. The most important transcription factors in gene regulation were RELA, NFKB1, PPARG, and SP1. Treatment with quercetin, naringenin, or rutin increased the expression and interaction of the microRNAs’ hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, and hsa-miR-26a-1-3p. The anticancer effects of hsa-miR-34a-5p have been experimentally confirmed. It also plays a critical role in controlling other cancer-related processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, EMT, and metastasis. This study’s findings might lead to a deeper comprehension of the mechanisms responsible for flavonoids’ protective effects and could present new avenues for exploration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Herb/Drug Interaction: Evidence and Mechanisms)
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12 pages, 2026 KiB  
Article
Effects of Apigenin on Pharmacokinetics of Dasatinib and Probable Interaction Mechanism
by Mohammad Raish, Ajaz Ahmad, Mudassar Shahid, Yousef A. Bin Jardan, Abdul Ahad, Mohd Abul Kalam, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari, Muzaffar Iqbal, Naushad Ali, Khalid M. Alkharfy and Fahad I. Al-Jenoobi
Molecules 2023, 28(4), 1602; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041602 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1785
Abstract
Dasatinib (DAS), a narrow-therapeutic index drug, Bcr-Abl, and Src family kinases multitarget inhibitor have been approved for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Ph-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Apigenin (APG) has a long history of human usage in food, herbs, health supplements, and [...] Read more.
Dasatinib (DAS), a narrow-therapeutic index drug, Bcr-Abl, and Src family kinases multitarget inhibitor have been approved for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Ph-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Apigenin (APG) has a long history of human usage in food, herbs, health supplements, and traditional medicine, and it poses low risk of damage. The concomitant use of APG containing herbs/foods and traditional medicine may alter the pharmacokinetics of DAS, that probably lead to possible herb–drug interactions. The pharmacokinetic interaction of APG pretreatment with DAS in rat plasma following single and co-oral dosing was successfully deliberated using the UPLC–MS/MS method. The in vivo pharmacokinetics and protein expression of CYP3A2, Pgp-MDR1, and BCPR/ABCG2 demonstrate that APG pretreatment has potential to drastically changed the DAS pharmacokinetics where escalation in the Cmax, AUC(0–t), AUMC(0-inf_obs), T1/2, Tmax, and MRT and reduction in Kel, Vd, and Cl significantly in rats pretreated with APG 40 mg/kg, thus escalating systemic bioavailability and increasing the rate of absorption via modulation of CYP3A2, Pgp-MDR1, and BCPR/ABCG2 protein expression. Therefore, the concomitant consumption of APG containing food or traditional herb with DAS may cause serious life-threatening drug interactions and more systematic clinical study on herb–drug interactions is required, as well as adequate regulation in herbal safety and efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Herb/Drug Interaction: Evidence and Mechanisms)
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