Optics & Photonics—Micro and Nano Structures, Materials and Devices (AOP2022)

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "A:Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 8838

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Center of Physics of the Universities of Minho and Porto, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: optical metrology; image processing; thin films, micro- and nanostructures and systems; optics and science education
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 5th International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics (AOP2022; https://aop2022.org/), organized by the Portuguese Society for Optics and Photonics, will be held in Guimarães (Portugal) on 18–22 July 2022. Since its first edition in 2011, the AOP conference has provided an excellent opportunity to, in an open, friendly and stimulating environment, foster the establishment of a wide range of cooperation projects and relationships with colleagues and institutions involved in research and education in optics and photonics from all around the world. This conference is open to contributions in all domains of optics and photonics and their application fields; therefore, we expect to review the state of the art in these subjects, and to foresee and discuss the future of research in optics and photonics. The large number of plenary and keynote lectures by world-renowned researchers in all fields of optics and photonics will set the high-quality standards of a varied and exciting scientific program.

We are honored to serve as Guest Editors of this Special Issue, which will be published in /Micromachines/ and will contain a selection of papers submitted and accepted at the AOP2022 conference in subjects relevant to the /Micromachines/ journal. Its main scope is to provide a timely and broad collection of the most innovative topics discussed at the latest edition of the conference, related to all relevant topics associated with the applications of optics and photonics. We warmly invite researchers to submit their contributions, both original research articles and review papers, to this Special Issue. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Design and optimization principles of micro and nanosystems;
  • Micro and nanosystems and advanced technologies for optical engineering applications;
  • Sensors and actuators, and microbots and nanorobots;
  • Optical communications, optical fiber devices and applications;
  • Biophotonics and biomedical and medical applications of light;
  • Ultrafast laser and power laser systems;
  • Surface micromachining and patterning;
  • Optical metrology and industrial applications;
  • Photonics and optical instrumentation for space and astronomy;
  • Liquid crystals;
  • Photonic and optoelectronic materials and devices;
  • Micro/nano fabrication and manufacturing;
  • Micro/nano-scale energy harvesting.

Prof. Dr. Manuel Filipe P. C. M. Costa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • micro and nanosystems
  • sensors and actuators
  • microbots and nanorobots
  • optical communications, optical fiber devices and applications
  • biophotonics and biomedical and medical applications of light
  • ultrafast laser and power laser systems
  • optical metrology
  • industrial applications
  • optoelectronics
  • microwave photonics
  • plasmonic devices
  • photonics and optical instrumentation for space and astronomy
  • liquid crystals
  • photonic and optoelectronic materials
  • glasses
  • thin films
  • lab-on-a-chip
  • microfluidics
  • biomems
  • micro/nano fabrication and manufacturing
  • lithography
  • patterning
  • surface micromachining
  • laser fabrication
  • micro/nano-scale energy harvesting

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4520 KiB  
Article
Preparation, Characterization and Magneto-Optical Properties of Sm-Doped Y2O3 Polycrystalline Material
by Andrzej Kruk and Krzysztof Ziewiec
Micromachines 2022, 13(12), 2254; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13122254 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1548
Abstract
In this paper, physicochemical properties of pure Y2O3 and samarium (Sm)-doped Y2O3 transparent ceramics obtained via arc plasma melting are presented. Yttria powder with a selected molar fraction of Sm was first synthesized by a solid-state reaction [...] Read more.
In this paper, physicochemical properties of pure Y2O3 and samarium (Sm)-doped Y2O3 transparent ceramics obtained via arc plasma melting are presented. Yttria powder with a selected molar fraction of Sm was first synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. High transparent yttria ceramics were obtained by arc plasma melting from both the pure and Sm oxide-doped powders. The morphological, chemical and physical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The optical band gap was calculated from the absorption spectra so as to understand the electronic band structure of the studied materials. Samples indicate a series of luminescence bands in the visible region after excitation by laser light in the range from 210 to 250 nm. Magneto-optical measurements were carried out in the 300–800 nm range at room temperature. It can be seen that a maximum Verdet constant ca. 24.81 deg/T cm was observed for 405 nm and this value decreases with increasing wavelength. The potential usefulness of the polycrystalline material dedicated to optics devices is presented. Full article
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9 pages, 2356 KiB  
Article
Propagation Losses Estimation in a Cationic-Network-Based Hydrogel Waveguide
by Carolina Pons, Josué M. Galindo, Juan C. Martín, Iván Torres-Moya, Sonia Merino, M. Antonia Herrero, Ester Vázquez, Pilar Prieto and Juan A. Vallés
Micromachines 2022, 13(12), 2253; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13122253 - 18 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1222
Abstract
A method based on the photographic recording of the power distribution laterally diffused by cationic-network (CN) hydrogel waveguides is first checked against the well-established cut-back method and then used to determine the different contributions to optical power attenuation along the hydrogel-based waveguide. Absorption [...] Read more.
A method based on the photographic recording of the power distribution laterally diffused by cationic-network (CN) hydrogel waveguides is first checked against the well-established cut-back method and then used to determine the different contributions to optical power attenuation along the hydrogel-based waveguide. Absorption and scattering loss coefficients are determined for 450 nm, 532 nm and 633 nm excitation. The excellent optical loss values obtained (0.32–1.95 dB/cm), similar to others previously described, indicate their potential application as waveguides in different fields, including soft robotic and light-based therapies. Full article
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14 pages, 2303 KiB  
Article
Contribution to the Improvement of the Correlation Filter Method for Modal Analysis with a Spatial Light Modulator
by David Benedicto, María Victoria Collados, Juan C. Martín, Jesús Atencia, Omel Mendoza-Yero and Juan A. Vallés
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 2004; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13112004 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
Modal decomposition of light is essential to study its propagation properties in waveguides and photonic devices. Modal analysis can be carried out by implementing a computer-generated hologram acting as a match filter in a spatial light modulator. In this work, a series of [...] Read more.
Modal decomposition of light is essential to study its propagation properties in waveguides and photonic devices. Modal analysis can be carried out by implementing a computer-generated hologram acting as a match filter in a spatial light modulator. In this work, a series of aspects to be taken into account in order to get the most out of this method are presented, aiming to provide useful operational procedures. First of all, a method for filter size adjustment based on the standard fiber LP-mode symmetry is presented. The influence of the mode normalization in the complex amplitude encoding-inherent noise is then investigated. Finally, a robust method to measure the phase difference between modes is proposed. These procedures are tested by wavefront reconstruction in a conventional few-mode fiber. Full article
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12 pages, 6838 KiB  
Article
Validation of a Hyperspectral Imaging System for Color Measurement of In-Vivo Dental Structures
by Maria Tejada-Casado, Razvan Ghinea, Miguel Ángel Martínez-Domingo, María M. Pérez, Juan C. Cardona, Javier Ruiz-López and Luis Javier Herrera
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 1929; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13111929 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1811
Abstract
A full comprehension of colorimetric relationships within and between teeth is key for aesthetic success of a dental restoration. In this sense, hyperspectral imaging can provide point-wise reliable measurements of the tooth surface, which can serve for this purpose. The aim of this [...] Read more.
A full comprehension of colorimetric relationships within and between teeth is key for aesthetic success of a dental restoration. In this sense, hyperspectral imaging can provide point-wise reliable measurements of the tooth surface, which can serve for this purpose. The aim of this study was to use a hyperspectral imaging system for the colorimetric characterization of 4 in-vivo maxillary anterior teeth and to cross-check the results with similar studies carried out with other measuring systems in order to validate the proposed capturing protocol. Hyperspectral reflectance images (Specim IQ), of the upper central (UCI) and lateral incisors (ULI), were captured on 30 participants. CIE-L*a*b* values were calculated for the incisal (I), middle (M) and cervical (C) third of each target tooth. ΔEab* and ΔE00 total color differences were computed between different tooth areas and adjacent teeth, and evaluated according to the perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) thresholds for dentistry. Non-perceptible color differences were found between UCIs and ULIs. Mean color differences between UCI and ULI exceeded AT (ΔEab* = 7.39–7.42; ΔE00 = 5.71–5.74) in all cases. Large chromatic variations between I, M and C areas of the same tooth were registered (ΔEab* = 5.01–6.07 and ΔE00 = 4.07–5.03; ΔEab* = 5.80–8.16 and ΔE00 = 4.37–5.15; and ΔEab* = 5.42–5.92 and ΔE00 = 3.87–4.16 between C and M, C and I and M and I, respectively). The use of a hyperspectral camera has proven to be a reliable and effective method for color evaluation of in-vivo natural teeth. Full article
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11 pages, 4307 KiB  
Article
Combining Four Gaussian Lasers Using Silicon Nitride MMI Slot Waveguide Structure
by Netanel Katash, Salman Khateeb and Dror Malka
Micromachines 2022, 13(10), 1680; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13101680 - 06 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1768
Abstract
Transceivers that function under a high-speed rate (over 200 Gb/s) need to have more optical power ability to overcome the power losses which is a reason for using a larger RF line connected to a Mach–Zehnder modulator for obtaining high data bitrate communication. [...] Read more.
Transceivers that function under a high-speed rate (over 200 Gb/s) need to have more optical power ability to overcome the power losses which is a reason for using a larger RF line connected to a Mach–Zehnder modulator for obtaining high data bitrate communication. One option to solve this problem is to use a complex laser with a power of over 100 milliwatts. However, this option can be complicated for a photonic chip circuit due to the high cost and nonlinear effects, which can increase the system noise. Therefore, we propose a better solution to increase the power level using a 4 × 1 power combiner which is based on multimode interference (MMI) using a silicon nitride (Si3N4) slot waveguide structure. The combiner was solved using the full-vectorial beam propagation method (FV-BPM), and the key parameters were analyzed using Matlab script codes. Results show that the combiner can function well over the O-band spectrum with high combiner efficiency of at least 98.2% after a short light coupling propagation of 28.78 μm. This new study shows how it is possible to obtain a transverse electric mode solution for four Gaussian coherent sources using Si3N4 slot waveguide technology. Furthermore, the back reflection (BR) was solved using a finite difference time-domain method, and the result shows a low BR of 40.15 dB. This new technology can be utilized for combining multiple coherent sources that work with a photonic chip at the O-band range. Full article
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