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Metals
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Powder Metallurgy of Steels and Alloys
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Powder Metallurgy of Steels and Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Powder Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 4727

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jan Kazior

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Powder Metallurgy, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska str., 31-155 Cracow, Poland
Interests: solid-state and liquid-phase sintering; mechanical alloying; stainless steels; aluminum alloys; intermetallics; properties of sintered materials; thermal analysis; heat treatment; surface modification

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The science and practice of the Powder Metallurgy of Steel and Alloys has developed over the past years in a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary manner unlike many other branches of metallurgy. In fact, powder metallurgy processes are often very complicated, and there are sometimes astonishing results of conducted research which are difficult to understand, and which may be difficult to predict by theory. For this reason, for future developments of powder metallurgy it is essential to understand the processes in detail and to recognize the controlling parameters.

Created by mixing elemental or alloy powders and compacting the mixture in a die, the resultant shapes are then heated or “sintered” in a controlled-atmosphere furnace to metallurgically bond the particles. The high-precision forming capability of PM generates components with near net shape and complex features, and pieces with good dimensional precision are often finished without the need of machining.

By producing parts with a homogeneous structure, the PM process enables manufacturers to make products that are more consistent and predictable in their behaviour across a wide range of applications. In addition, the PM process has a high degree of flexibility, allowing the tailoring of the physical characteristics of a product to suit specific property and performance requirements.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight the latest developments in the shaping of sintered materials. Researchers are therefore invited to present all their original scientific and technical papers with a theoretical and experimental character on a wide range of materials and processes, including classical “press-and-sinter” powder metallurgy as well as other innovative shaping methods such as metal injection molding, hot isostatic pressing, metal additive manufacturing, mechanical alloying, and spark plasma sintering.

Prof. Dr. Jan Kazior
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Powder metallurgy
  • Powder manufacture
  • Compaction and consolidation
  • Sintering
  • Advanced particulate materials
  • Properties of sintered materials
  • Thermal analysis
  • Secondary operation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5893 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Microstructure and Elements Distribution of Powder Metallurgy Borated Stainless Steel during Hot Isostatic Pressing
by Yanbin Pei, Xuanhui Qu, Qilu Ge and Tiejun Wang
Metals 2022, 12(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12010019 - 22 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2482
Abstract
Prepared by powder metallurgy process incorporating atomization and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) sintering at six different temperatures from 600 to 1160 °C, borated stainless steel (BSS) containing boron content of 1.86 wt% was studied. The phase of BSS, relative density of different temperature, [...] Read more.
Prepared by powder metallurgy process incorporating atomization and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) sintering at six different temperatures from 600 to 1160 °C, borated stainless steel (BSS) containing boron content of 1.86 wt% was studied. The phase of BSS, relative density of different temperature, microstructure, elemental distribution, and mechanical properties were tested and analyzed. The phases of the alloy were calculated by the Thermo-Calc (2021a, Thermo-Calc Software, Solna, Sweden) and studied by quantitative X-ray diffraction phase analysis. The distributions of boron, chromium, and iron in grains of the alloy were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope. The grain size distributions and average grain sizes were calculated for the boron-containing phases at 900, 1000, 1100, and 1160 °C, as well as the average grain size of the austenite phase at 700 and 1160 °C. After undergoing HIP sintering at 900, 1000, 1100, and 1160 °C, respectively, the tensile strength and ductility of the alloy were tested, and the fracture surfaces were analyzed. It was found that the alloy consisted of two phases (austenite and boron-containing phase) when HIP sintering temperature was higher than 900 °C, and the relative density of the prepared alloys was higher than 99% when HIP temperature was higher than 1000 °C. According to the boron-containing phase grain size distribution and microstructure analysis, the boron-containing phase precipitated both inside the austenite matrix and at the grain boundaries and its growth mechanism was divided into four steps. The tensile strength and elongation of alloy were up to 776 MPa and 19% respectively when the HIP sintering was at 1000 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Powder Metallurgy of Steels and Alloys)
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10 pages, 3379 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Nitrogen Linear Flow on Lubricant Removal and Sintering Densification of Alumix 431D Grade Powder
by Jan Kazior, Tadeusz Pieczonka and Mateusz Laska
Metals 2021, 11(8), 1259; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11081259 - 10 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1410
Abstract
ECKA Granules Alumix 431D commercial grade, press ready, pre-alloyed aluminium-based powder containing 1.5 mass% of Acrawax C was used to study the effect of nitrogen linear flow on de-lubrication and sintering densification. In situ dimensional changes were controlled by dilatometry. Microstructural observations of [...] Read more.
ECKA Granules Alumix 431D commercial grade, press ready, pre-alloyed aluminium-based powder containing 1.5 mass% of Acrawax C was used to study the effect of nitrogen linear flow on de-lubrication and sintering densification. In situ dimensional changes were controlled by dilatometry. Microstructural observations of sintered compacts were also performed. The results clearly showed the strong influence of nitrogen linear flow on de-lubrication, and thus on the sintering behaviour of the examined powder. High nitrogen linear flow is required to produce the desired sintered microstructure—characterised by residual porosity. In contrast, at low nitrogen velocity, the lubricant removal is not complete, which in turn significantly impedes densification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Powder Metallurgy of Steels and Alloys)
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