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Metals
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Corrosion Behavior and Surface Engineering of Metallic Materials
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Corrosion Behavior and Surface Engineering of Metallic Materials

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2026) | Viewed by 3554

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Willian Aperador

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá 111111, Colombia
Interests: corrosion; wear; thin films
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metallic materials are used ubiquitously and, in particular, in engineering due to their versatility, resistance, and recyclability. However, one of the significant challenges faced by metallic materials is corrosion, which can severely impact their performance and longevity. Steel, for example, is primarily used in various applications and environments to withstand extreme conditions, such as heavy loads and high temperatures. Despite their strength, steel and other metals are susceptible to corrosion, especially when exposed to different types of fluids in industrial processes. This exposure can cause oxidation, rapidly reducing the usefulness of the components.

The movement of a corrosive fluid against a metallic surface, combined with mechanical effects, accelerates the rate of corrosion. If the fluid contains solids and suspended particles, the degradation of the material increases further. This makes corrosion a critical issue, leading to significant economic losses worldwide. To combat this, recent advancements have focused on developing coatings that enhance the properties of metals or maintain their integrity under corrosive conditions. These coatings act as a protective barrier, preventing direct contact between the metal and the corrosive environment. In doing so, they significantly extend the lifespan of metallic components and reduce maintenance costs.

Prof. Dr. Willian Aperador
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metals
  • corrosion
  • hard coatings
  • physical vapor deposition
  • tribometers
  • fretting corrosion
  • potentiodynamic polarization

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 4895 KB  
Article
Technological and Chemical Drivers of Zinc Coating Degradation in DX51d+Z140 Cold-Formed Steel Sections
by Volodymyr Kukhar, Andrii Kostryzhev, Oleksandr Dykha, Oleg Makovkin, Ihor Kuziev, Roman Vakulenko, Viktoriia Kulynych, Khrystyna Malii, Eleonora Butenko, Natalia Hrudkina, Oleksandr Shapoval, Sergiu Mazuru and Oleksandr Hrushko
Metals 2026, 16(2), 146; https://doi.org/10.3390/met16020146 - 25 Jan 2026
Viewed by 518
Abstract
This study investigates the technological and chemical causes of early zinc-coating degradation on cold-formed steel sections produced from DX51D+Z140 galvanized coils. Commercially manufactured products exhibiting early corrosion symptoms were used in this study. The entire processing route, which included strip preparation, cold rolling, [...] Read more.
This study investigates the technological and chemical causes of early zinc-coating degradation on cold-formed steel sections produced from DX51D+Z140 galvanized coils. Commercially manufactured products exhibiting early corrosion symptoms were used in this study. The entire processing route, which included strip preparation, cold rolling, hot-dip galvanizing, passivation, multi-roll forming, storage, and transportation to customers, was analyzed with respect to the residual surface chemistry and process-related deviations that affect the coating integrity. Thirty-three specimens were examined using electromagnetic measurements of coating thickness. Statistical analysis based on the Cochran’s and Fisher’s criteria confirmed that the increased variability in zinc coating thickness is associated with a higher susceptibility to localized corrosion. Surface and chemical analysis revealed chloride contamination on the outer surface, absence of detectable Cr(VI) residues indicative of insufficient passivation, iron oxide inclusions beneath the zinc coating originating from the strip preparation, traces of organic emulsion residues impairing wetting and adhesion, and micro-defects related to deformation during roll forming. Early zinc coating degradation was shown to result from the cumulative action of multiple technological (surface damage during rolling, variation in the coating thickness) and environmental (moisture during storage and transportation) parameters. On the basis of the obtained results, a methodology was proposed to prevent steel product corrosion in industrial conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Behavior and Surface Engineering of Metallic Materials)
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14 pages, 1884 KB  
Article
Ag/ZrO2 Hybrid Coating for Tribological and Corrosion Protection of Ti45Nb Alloy in Biomedical Environments
by Mevra Aslan Çakir
Metals 2025, 15(8), 831; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15080831 - 24 Jul 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 855
Abstract
In this study, a Ag/ZrO2 hybrid coating prepared by the sol–gel method on a β-type Ti45Nb alloy was applied by the spin coating technique, and the microstructural, mechanical, electrochemical, and tribological properties of the surface were evaluated in a multi-dimensional manner. The [...] Read more.
In this study, a Ag/ZrO2 hybrid coating prepared by the sol–gel method on a β-type Ti45Nb alloy was applied by the spin coating technique, and the microstructural, mechanical, electrochemical, and tribological properties of the surface were evaluated in a multi-dimensional manner. The hybrid solution was prepared using zirconium propoxide and silver nitrate and stabilized through a low-temperature two-stage annealing protocol. The crystal structure of the coating was determined by XRD, and the presence of dense tetragonal ZrO2 phase and crystalline Ag phases was confirmed. SEM-EDS analyses revealed a compact coating structure of approximately 1.8 µm thickness with homogeneously distributed Ag nanoparticles on the surface. As a result of the electrochemical corrosion tests, it was determined that the open circuit potential shifted to more noble values, the corrosion current density decreased, and the corrosion rate decreased by more than 70% on the surfaces where the Ag/ZrO2 coating was applied. In the tribological tests, a decrease in the coefficient of friction, narrowing of wear marks, and significant reduction in surface damage were observed in dry and physiological (HBSS) environments. The findings revealed that the Ag/ZrO2 hybrid coating significantly improved the surface performance of the Ti45Nb alloy both mechanically and electrochemically and offers high potential for biomedical implant applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Behavior and Surface Engineering of Metallic Materials)
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14 pages, 8263 KB  
Article
Microstructural, Electrochemical, Mechanical, and Biocompatibility Characterization of ReN Thin Films Synthesized by DC Sputtering on Ti6Al4V Substrates
by Willian Aperador, Giovany Orozco-Hernández, Jonnathan Aperador and Jorge Bautista-Ruiz
Metals 2025, 15(3), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15030272 - 1 Mar 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1477
Abstract
Thin films of ReN were synthesized by DC sputtering at different nitrogen pressures (120, 140, 160, and 180 mTorr) on silicon and Ti6Al4V substrates. The coatings were evaluated for their microstructural and mechanical properties. Additionally, the biocompatibility and electrochemical properties of the films [...] Read more.
Thin films of ReN were synthesized by DC sputtering at different nitrogen pressures (120, 140, 160, and 180 mTorr) on silicon and Ti6Al4V substrates. The coatings were evaluated for their microstructural and mechanical properties. Additionally, the biocompatibility and electrochemical properties of the films were studied using Hanks’ lactate solution at 37 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of cubic ReN with higher nitrogen content. The optimized nitrogen pressure (180 mTorr) allowed the complete formation of the cubic phase of ReN. Regarding electrochemical behavior, ReN coatings significantly improve corrosion resistance, reducing the corrosion rate as nitrogen content increases, reaching 0.0145 µm/year at 180 mTorr. Regarding mechanical properties, the deposited ReN films presented an optimal combination of hardness and elastic modulus for the highest nitrogen contents. Cell viability was assessed by comparing uncoated and coated samples using a live/dead staining assay, demonstrating the biocompatibility of the coatings. To complement this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the protein–coating interaction and cell morphology on the surface of the samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Behavior and Surface Engineering of Metallic Materials)
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