New Insights into Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 413

Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
Interests: high-strength alloy tape for second-generation superconducting; high-strength maraging stainless steel; microstructure and phase evolution mechanism of stainless steel; chemical composition and microstructure design of martensitic steel for nuclear power plant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Key Laborotary of Lightweight Structural Materials, Liaoning Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Interests: stainless steels; microalloying; microstructure; texture; property
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Driven by carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, advanced steels are increasingly required to deliver high strength, toughness, and durability for clean energy, transportation, and infrastructure applications. Recent studies demonstrate that microstructure evolution—spanning grain refinement, phase transformation, precipitation, and grain boundary character—plays a decisive role in governing mechanical performance and service reliability. Processing routes such as thermo-mechanical control, heat treatment, and alloy design strongly couple with these microstructural features, enabling tailored property combinations.

This Special Issue aims to present new insights into the relationships among processing, microstructure, and mechanical properties of steels, highlighting innovative characterization, modeling, and design strategies that advance performance optimization and sustainable manufacturing.

Dr. Quanqiang Shi
Dr. Fei Gao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • microstructure evolution
  • grain boundary character
  • phase transformation
  • mechanical properties
  • thermo-mechanical processing
  • precipitation strengthening

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 3502 KB  
Article
The Influence of Cerium on Inclusions, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Industrial BT700L Steel
by Chao Shi, Xiaofeng Zhang, Changqiao Yang, Jianzhong He, Peng Liu and Jichun Yang
Metals 2026, 16(6), 646; https://doi.org/10.3390/met16060646 - 11 Jun 2026
Viewed by 191
Abstract
This industrial-scale study investigates cerium’s effect on inclusions, microstructure, and mechanical properties in Ti-bearing high-strength steel BT700L through comparative trials of two production batches (with/without 0.0035% Ce). Characterization via SEM/EDS, automatic inclusion analysis, and Factsage thermodynamic simulations revealed that Ce addition reduced spherical [...] Read more.
This industrial-scale study investigates cerium’s effect on inclusions, microstructure, and mechanical properties in Ti-bearing high-strength steel BT700L through comparative trials of two production batches (with/without 0.0035% Ce). Characterization via SEM/EDS, automatic inclusion analysis, and Factsage thermodynamic simulations revealed that Ce addition reduced spherical Al-Mg-Ca-O-S inclusions (from 24 to 7 per 2 mm2; size decreased from 17 μm to 10 μm) while promoting composite inclusions with AlCeO3-Ca(Mn)S cores and Ce-containing Ti(C)N shells. Although square Ti(C)N inclusion numbers remained stable, their average size increased from 8 μm to 11 μm. Ce addition eliminated banded microstructure and refined grains through heterogeneous nucleation (Ce2O3 exhibits low misfit of 4.00% with α-Fe). Mechanically, yield strength increased marginally (<5%) with unchanged tensile strength and reducing elongation. However, −20 °C impact toughness decreased by 22%. This duality—beneficial grain refinement versus detrimental coarsening of angular TiN inclusions acting as stress concentrators—provides critical insights for optimizing Ce addition in industrial Ti-bearing high-strength steel BT700L. Full article
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