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Metals
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Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Alloys
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Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 3216

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ramakanta Naik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
Interests: photoinduced effects in amorphous materials; nonlinear optical properties in chalcogenides; ion irradiation studies in chalcogenide films; topological insulators based on chalcogenides

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Annealing is a heat treatment process involving heating the alloy and holding it at a certain temperature (annealing temperature), followed by controlled cooling. Annealing results in relief of internal stresses, softening, chemical homogenization, and transformation of the grain structure into a more stable state. It alters the microstructure of a material to change its mechanical, optical, and electrical properties. The annealing process improves the material structure and reduces microstructure defects. It also decreases hardness and improves the cutting machining properties of alloys. Diffusion annealing makes the composition of the alloy uniform and reduces the anisotropy of the alloy. With increasing annealing temperature, recovery and recrystallization mechanisms occur in deformed microstructures. The tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy decrease, while elongation increases. The annealing treatment results in static recrystallization, which increases fine equiaxed grains but decreases large elongated grains. In addition, the equiaxed grains formed during the annealing treatment demonstrate relative random orientations, which weaken the fiber texture of the alloy. The final grain size depends on the annealing temperature and annealing time. For a particular annealing temperature, as the time at the temperature increases, the grain size increases. For a particular annealing time, as the temperature increases, the grain size increases.

Dr. Ramakanta Naik
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • annealing
  • defects
  • crystallinity
  • diffusion
  • optical properties

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 12753 KiB  
Article
Small Punch Test on Jominy Bars for High-Throughput Characterization of Quenched and Tempered Steel
by Ibon Miguel, Itziar Berriozabalgoitia, Garikoitz Artola, Luis María Macareno and Carlos Angulo
Metals 2023, 13(11), 1797; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111797 - 25 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1209
Abstract
Studying the effect of quench and tempering heat treatments on steel, more specifically screening the effect of the austenitizing, quenching, and tempering conditions on mechanical properties, can be extremely material- and time-consuming when standard tensile testing specimens are employed. Jominy bar end quench [...] Read more.
Studying the effect of quench and tempering heat treatments on steel, more specifically screening the effect of the austenitizing, quenching, and tempering conditions on mechanical properties, can be extremely material- and time-consuming when standard tensile testing specimens are employed. Jominy bar end quench testing has been used as a standard method to reduce the resources that are required for this type of screening. Jominy bar testing by itself shows, though, the limitation of yielding only hardness and microstructure as a result. In the last few years, the small punch test (SPT) standard has been developed. This technique can obtain an estimation of tensile mechanical properties with miniaturized specimens, which can be dissected from Jominy bars. The paper proposes a new testing methodology for screening the outcome of heat treatment conditions by combining the Jominy bar testing and SPT. Quench and tempering of API 5L X65Q pipe steel is used as a case study to describe the proposed methodology. The ability of the Jominy with SPT to detect variations in the mechanical properties produced by heat treatments is shown. This methodology can be directly applied as a high-throughput testing approach in the optimization of heat treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Alloys)
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12 pages, 5749 KiB  
Article
Precipitation Behavior of the Metastable Quasicrystalline I-Phase and θ′-Phase in Al-Cu-Mn Alloy
by Anastasia V. Mikhaylovskaya, Aiymgul Mukhamejanova, Anton D. Kotov, Nataliya Yu. Tabachkova, Alexey S. Prosviryakov and Andrey G. Mochugovskiy
Metals 2023, 13(3), 469; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13030469 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1597
Abstract
The precipitation behavior and mechanical properties for conventionally solidified Al-2.0wt.%Cu-2.0wt.%Mn alloy were studied. The supersaturated aluminum-based solid solution, CuAl2, Al6Mn and Al20Cu2Mn3 phases of solidification origin were identified after casting. The high temperature ageing [...] Read more.
The precipitation behavior and mechanical properties for conventionally solidified Al-2.0wt.%Cu-2.0wt.%Mn alloy were studied. The supersaturated aluminum-based solid solution, CuAl2, Al6Mn and Al20Cu2Mn3 phases of solidification origin were identified after casting. The high temperature ageing of as-cast samples (T5 treatment) in a temperature range of 300–350 °C led to the formation of the metastable θ′ phase and equiaxed precipitates of the quasicrystalline-structured I-phase. The θ′ phase demonstrated a high size stability in a studied temperature range with a mean length of ~300 nm and a mean thickness of ~24 nm. A mean size of the I-phase precipitates varied in a range of ~30–50 nm depending on the treatment regimes. The rod-shaped T-phase precipitates were formed with an increase in ageing temperature to 400 °C. Mechanical properties were analyzed at room temperature in a solid solution-treated state. The increased yield strength at room temperature and 200–300 °C were observed after ageing at 300 °C for 148 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Alloys)
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